Linux centos7.6 安装elasticsearch8.x (es8) 教程

以你之姓@ 2024-03-23 12:10 102阅读 0赞

#### 系列-Linux centos7.6 安装elasticsearch8.x (es8) 教程 ####

系列-[linux安装][linux]elasticsearch-head （es可视化界面）

[Linux centos7.6 安装elasticsearch8.x (es8) 教程\_言之有李LAX的博客-CSDN博客][Linux centos7.6 _elasticsearch8.x _es8_ _LAX_-CSDN]

**目录**

[安装elasticsearch][elasticsearch]

[启动][Link 1]

[常见错误][Link 2]

[1.内存不足][1.]

[2.can not run elasticsearch as root][]

[启动成功][Link 3]

[访问][Link 4]

[通过ip:9200 进行访问][ip_9200]

[设置es启动脚本：][es]

[重置密码][Link 5]

[ es默认重置密码][es 1]

[es自定义重置密码][es 2]

**下载安装**

我的安装目录为 /usr/local

cd /usr/local
    
    # 下载压缩包
    wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-8.4.3-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
    
    #解压
    tar -zxvf ./elasticsearch-8.4.3-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

## 启动 ##

> cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/bin  
> ./elasticsearch

## 常见错误 ##

### 1.内存不足 ###

error='Not enough space' (errno=12) 该异常表示内存不足以支撑es运行，一般如果是个人买的小服务器会容易出现该问题，直接修改es运行配置即可

> \#首先查询服务的内存大小  
> \[root@VM-4-12-centos config\]\# cat /proc/meminfo | grep MemTotal  
> MemTotal: 3782868 kB
> 
> \#然后进入es的配置中修改  
> cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/config  
> vim jvm.options
> 
> \#在配置文件中添加如下配置，保存退出即可(108m)  
> \-Xms108m  
> \-Xmx108m

### 2.can not run elasticsearch as root ###

无法以root身份运行elasticserch ：can not run elasticsearch as root

此时我们需要创建一个单独的用户给es使用

> \[root@VM-4-12-centos ~\]\# groupadd esgroup  
> \[root@VM-4-12-centos ~\]\# useradd esroot -p 123456  
> \#赋权限  
> \[root@VM-4-12-centos ~\]\# chown -R esroot:esgroup /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3  
> \#切换账户  
> \[root@VM-4-12-centos ~\]\# su esroot  
> \#再次启动  
> \[esroot@VM-4-12-centos elasticsearch-8.4.3\]$ cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/bin/  
> \[esroot@VM-4-12-centos bin\]$ ./elasticsearch

## 启动成功 ##

启动后日志打印出了配置信息如下：

![22d872f1823840b9ae5332f219215f58.png][]

解释一下：注意\#备注的地方 第一步中已经返回了用户名和密码

elastic / IAcYJctxO39fixwiV7V1 后面会教怎么修改自定义密码

✅ Elasticsearch security features have been automatically configured!
    ✅ Authentication is enabled and cluster connections are encrypted.
     
    #es用户信息密码，并且可以通过bin/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic重置
    ℹ️  Password for the elastic user (reset with `bin/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic`):
      IAcYJctxO39fixwiV7V1
     
    ℹ️  HTTP CA certificate SHA-256 fingerprint:
      3f2e9d6e24f2b713cf84c8e70ab97acb929dec566444b6f62ce036c6d225b5ed
     
    #kibana初始化与es链接SSl的token 有效期30分钟 过期使用bin/elasticsearch-create-enrollment- token -s kibana 再次创建
    ℹ️  Configure Kibana to use this cluster:
    • Run Kibana and click the configuration link in the terminal when Kibana starts.
    • Copy the following enrollment token and paste it into Kibana in your browser (valid for the next 30 minutes):
      eyJ2ZXIiOiI4LjQuMyIsImFkciI6WyIxMC4wLjQuMTI6OTIwMCJdLCJmZ3IiOiIzZjJlOWQ2ZTI0ZjJiNzEzY2Y4NGM4ZTcwYWI5N2FjYjkyOWRlYzU2NjQ0NGI2ZjYyY2UwMzZjNmQyMjViNWVkIiwia2V5IjoiajZ3c3dZUUJGbjczWjE4NFBXSVI6Wk95MkplbU9TNnU3cDFaUXFJbHlSUSJ9
     
    ℹ️  Configure other nodes to join this cluster:
    • On this node:
      ⁃ Create an enrollment token with `bin/elasticsearch-create-enrollment-token -s node`.
      ⁃ Uncomment the transport.host setting at the end of config/elasticsearch.yml.
      ⁃ Restart Elasticsearch.
    • On other nodes:
      ⁃ Start Elasticsearch with `bin/elasticsearch --enrollment-token <token>`, using the enrollment token that you generated.

## 访问 ##

### **通过ip:9200 进行访问** ###

同时记得开启防火墙

#将9200加入白名单
    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9200/tcp --permanent
    #刷新防火墙
    systemctl restart firewalld.service

如果是阿里云、腾讯云等线上服务器，记得在服务防火墙中规则中添加9200

此时通过浏览器直接访问会提示失败：

![07b1c06eb9b042adbfd114e720cae8d5.png][]

**原因是elasticsearch开启了认证和http加密**

解决

1.首先关闭认证进行测试

> \#切换到root用户  
> su root  
> \#进入config文件夹  
> cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/config  
> \#修改elasticsearch.yml 配置信息  
> vi elasticsearch.yml
> 
>   
> 关闭xpack认证  
> xpack.security.enabled: true 改成 false  
> 与客户端http链接是否加密，先选择不加密  
> xpack.security.http.ssl: true 改成 false  
> 保存退出
> 
>   
> \#却换用户  
> su esuser  
> \#进入elasticsearch bin目录下面  
> cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/bin  
> \#启动  
> ./elasticsearch

![291895fb5cf944dbbc030ed47254a1df.png][]

此时访问即可查询到内容：

![4727a99b7dbc46b0b5281353f04784a0.png][]

### 设置es启动脚本： ###

ES\_HOME记得修改成自己的路径

su esuser ：记得修改成自己的linux上面设置的es启动用户名

> \#切换root用户  
> su root  
> \#进入到目录  
> cd /etc/init.d  
> \#创建elasticsearch系统启动服务文件 　　  
> vi elasticsearch

> \#!/bin/bash  
> \#chkconfig: 345 63 37  
> \#description: elasticsearch  
> \#processname: elasticsearch-8.4.3  
> \# 这个目录是你Es所在文件夹的目录  
> export ES\_HOME=/usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3  
> case $1 in  
> start)  
> su esuser<<!  
> cd $ES\_HOME  
> ./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid  
> exit  
> !  
> echo "elasticsearch is started"  
> ;;  
> stop)  
> pid=\`cat $ES\_HOME/pid\`  
> kill -9 $pid  
> echo "elasticsearch is stopped"  
> ;;  
> restart)  
> pid=\`cat $ES\_HOME/pid\`  
> kill -9 $pid  
> echo "elasticsearch is stopped"  
> sleep 1  
> su esuser<<!  
> cd $ES\_HOME  
> ./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid  
> exit  
> !  
> echo "elasticsearch is started"  
> ;;  
> \*)  
> echo "start|stop|restart"  
> ;;  
> esac  
> exit 0

> 给elasticsearch 文件赋权限  
> chmod 777 elasticsearch
> 
>   
> \# 添加系统服务  
> chkconfig --add elasticsearch 执行这一步  
> \# 删除系统服务  
> chkconfig --del elasticsearch
> 
> \# 启动服务  
> service elasticsearch start  
> \# 停止服务  
> service elasticsearch stop  
> \# 重启服务  
> service elasticsearch restart
> 
>   
> \# 开启开机自动启动服务  
> chkconfig elasticsearch on 执行这一步  
> \# 关闭开机自动启动服务  
> chkconfig elasticsearch off

**刚才为了测试，关闭的xpac认证，此时还原**

> \#进入elaticsearch config目录下面  
> cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/config  
> \#修改配置文件  
> vi elasticsearch.yml
> 
> xpack.security.enabled: 修改为 true 然后退出保存

**重新启动**

> > service elasticsearch restart

## 重置密码 ##

此时再进行访问会提示需要输入密码：

![d8bb66131d0a45d2b5dd92aa2f8b7a07.png][]

### es默认重置密码 ###

刚才启动打印的地方已经提示用户名密码了，直接输入即可

如果忘记可以进行重置密码

> \#进入elaticsearch bin目录下面  
> cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-8.4.3/bin  
> \#设置密码 elastic是默认用户名  
> ./elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic

![9b00ff5fecca414084adaaa035aee7a3.png][]

### es自定义重置密码 ###

如果密码太长记不住 则可以使用下面的命令进行自定义密码

> \#设置自己想设置的密码  
> ./elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic -i

![d2217ff675ac4ae6ad8228388e36ec9f.png][]

最后再通过ip:9200访问，输入用户名密码即可看到信息

![c197963b353c4c89a70402c5d96aed57.png][]

[linux]: https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=linux%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020
[Linux centos7.6 _elasticsearch8.x _es8_ _LAX_-CSDN]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415
[elasticsearch]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t2
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t3
[Link 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t4
[1.]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t5
[2.can not run elasticsearch as root]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t6
[Link 3]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t7
[Link 4]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t8
[ip_9200]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t9
[es]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t10
[Link 5]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t11
[es 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t12
[es 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36178165/article/details/128092415?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522168135552616800180634027%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=168135552616800180634027&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-23-128092415-null-null.142%5Ev83%5Epc_search_v2,201%5Ev4%5Eadd_ask,239%5Ev2%5Einsert_chatgpt&utm_term=elasticsearch&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187#t13
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[291895fb5cf944dbbc030ed47254a1df.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/23/9b27ee21ede94415b2ecefde097f7694.png
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[d8bb66131d0a45d2b5dd92aa2f8b7a07.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/23/3182ac37b4d34245a562824702f30a1b.png
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[c197963b353c4c89a70402c5d96aed57.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/23/b55bc2c197d949dd90890b3331b8bf7e.png