【新版系统架构】第七章-系统架构设计基础知识（基于架构的软件开发方法）

布满荆棘的人生 2024-03-17 12:14 44阅读 0赞

> 软考-系统架构设计师知识点提炼-系统架构设计师教程（第2版）
> 
> 1.  [第一章-绪论][-]
> 2.  [第二章-计算机系统基础知识（一）][- 1]
> 3.  [第二章-计算机系统基础知识（二）][- 2]
> 4.  [第三章-信息系统基础知识][- 3]
> 5.  [第四章-信息安全技术基础知识][- 4]
> 6.  [第五章-软件工程基础知识（一）][- 5]
> 7.  [第五章-软件工程基础知识（需求工程和系统分析与设计）][- 6]
> 8.  [第五章-软件工程基础知识（软件测试、净室软件工程、基于构件的软件工程、 软件项目管理）][-_]
> 9.  [第六章-数据库设计基础知识（数据库基本概念、关系数据库）][- 7]
> 10. [第六章-数据库设计基础知识（数据库设计）][- 8]

## 软件架构（SA）概念 ##

一、软件架构设计与生命周期

1.  需求分析阶段
2.  设计阶段，SA研究包括：SA模型的描述（3个层次：基本概念、体系结构描述语言、多视图表示），SA模型的设计与分析方法，SA设计经验的总结与复用
3.  实现阶段
4.  构件组装阶段
5.  部署阶段
6.  后开发阶段（动态软件体系结构，体系结构恢复和重建）

二、软件架构的重要性

1.  架构设计能够满足系统的品质
2.  架构设计使受益人达成一致的目标
3.  架构设计能够支持计划编制过程
4.  架构设计对系统开发的指导性
5.  架构设计能够有效地管理复杂性
6.  架构设计为复用奠定了基础
7.  架构设计能够降低维护费用
8.  架构设计能够支持冲突分析

## 基于架构的软件开发方法 ##

基于体系结构的软件设计（ABSD）方法，是由体系结构驱动的，即由构成体系结构的商业、质量和功能需求的组合驱动的。有3个基础：功能的分解、通过选择体系结构风格来实现质量和商业需求、软件模板的使用。

ABSD 是一个自顶向下，递归细化的方法。

一、开发模型  
ABSD模型把整个基于体系结构的软件过程划分为体系结构需求、设计、文档化、复审、实现和演化6个子过程。

体系结构需求过程  
![在这里插入图片描述][ae6eb941128f4d7cbf2ea1c35592ae2f.png]

二、体系结构设计  
![在这里插入图片描述][d4ca65b6dcd94badab952e09179fb6bc.png]

三、体系结构文档化  
文档是在系统演化的每一个阶段，系统设计与开发人员的通信媒介，是为验证体系结构设计和提炼或修改这些设计（必要时）所执行预先分析的基础。

体系结构文档化过程的主要输出结果：体系结构规格说明、测试体系结构需求的质量设计说明书

四、体系结构复审  
复审的目的是标识潜在的风险，及早发现体系结构设计中的缺陷和错误

五、体系结构实现  
![在这里插入图片描述][28cd5295d34242199c17339515e3bff3.png]

六、体系结构的演化  
![在这里插入图片描述][4dce1245647540d19d9574c168814baf.png]

--------------------

> 作者其他要推荐的文章，欢迎来学习：  
> 基于Spring Boot 3.1.0 系列文章
> 
> 1.  [Spring Boot 源码阅读初始化环境搭建][Spring Boot]
> 2.  [Spring Boot 框架整体启动流程详解][Spring Boot 1]
> 3.  [Spring Boot 系统初始化器详解][Spring Boot 2]
> 4.  [Spring Boot 监听器详解][Spring Boot 3]
> 5.  [Spring Boot banner详解][Spring Boot banner]
> 6.  [Spring Boot 属性配置解析][Spring Boot 4]
> 7.  [Spring Boot 属性加载原理解析][Spring Boot 5]
> 8.  [Spring Boot 异常报告器解析][Spring Boot 6]
> 9.  [使用GraalVM 构建 Spring Boot 3.0 原生可执行文件][GraalVM _ Spring Boot 3.0]
> 10. [Spring Boot 3.x微服务升级经历][Spring Boot 3.x]
> 
> --------------------
> 
> Prometheus 系列文章
> 
> 1.  [Prometheus 的介绍和安装][Prometheus]
> 2.  [直观感受PromQL及其数据类型][PromQL]
> 3.  [PromQL之选择器和运算符][PromQL 1]
> 4.  [PromQL之函数][PromQL 2]
> 5.  [Prometheus 告警机制介绍及命令解读][Prometheus 1]
> 6.  [Prometheus 告警模块配置深度解析][Prometheus 2]
> 7.  [Prometheus 配置身份认证][Prometheus 3]
> 8.  [Prometheus 动态拉取监控服务][Prometheus 4]
> 9.  [Prometheus 监控云Mysql和自建Mysql][Prometheus _Mysql_Mysql]
> 
> --------------------
> 
> Grafana 系列文章，版本：OOS v9.3.1
> 
> 1.  [Grafana 的介绍和安装][Grafana]
> 2.  [Grafana监控大屏配置参数介绍（一）][Grafana 1]
> 3.  [Grafana监控大屏配置参数介绍（二）][Grafana 2]
> 4.  [Grafana监控大屏可视化图表][Grafana 3]
> 5.  [Grafana 查询数据和转换数据][Grafana 4]
> 6.  [Grafana 告警模块介绍][Grafana 5]
> 7.  [Grafana 告警接入飞书通知][Grafana 6]
> 
> --------------------
> 
> Spring Boot Admin 系列
> 
> 1.  [Spring Boot Admin 参考指南][Spring Boot Admin]
> 2.  [SpringBoot Admin服务离线、不显示健康信息的问题][SpringBoot Admin]
> 3.  [Spring Boot Admin2 @EnableAdminServer的加载][Spring Boot Admin2 _EnableAdminServer]
> 4.  [Spring Boot Admin2 AdminServerAutoConfiguration详解][Spring Boot Admin2 AdminServerAutoConfiguration]
> 5.  [Spring Boot Admin2 实例状态监控详解][Spring Boot Admin2]
> 6.  [Spring Boot Admin2 自定义JVM监控通知][Spring Boot Admin2 _JVM]
> 7.  [Spring Boot Admin2 自定义异常监控][Spring Boot Admin2 1]
> 8.  [Spring Boot Admin 监控指标接入Grafana可视化][Spring Boot Admin _Grafana]

[-]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131261741
[- 1]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131268919
[- 2]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131316608
[- 3]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131318197
[- 4]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131328392
[- 5]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131344746
[- 6]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131359827
[-_]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131387654
[- 7]: https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=131388325
[- 8]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131431982
[ae6eb941128f4d7cbf2ea1c35592ae2f.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/15/c239f99001334809b1fb1b9cb0b82e2c.png
[d4ca65b6dcd94badab952e09179fb6bc.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/15/4d44c716fe754294abe64609b5fdd51d.png
[28cd5295d34242199c17339515e3bff3.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/15/e5697f098b224c96a9e7666ce9dea027.png
[4dce1245647540d19d9574c168814baf.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/15/596595ffcd844b759f9921b3e303604a.png
[Spring Boot]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/129665897
[Spring Boot 1]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/130981611
[Spring Boot 2]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131034991
[Spring Boot 3]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131073017
[Spring Boot banner]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131116036
[Spring Boot 4]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131178566
[Spring Boot 5]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131205549
[Spring Boot 6]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/131242002
[GraalVM _ Spring Boot 3.0]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128350601
[Spring Boot 3.x]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128328251
[Prometheus]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128993876
[PromQL]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128697766
[PromQL 1]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128725788
[PromQL 2]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128734102
[Prometheus 1]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/129035181
[Prometheus 2]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/129115894
[Prometheus 3]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128741317
[Prometheus 4]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128748383
[Prometheus _Mysql_Mysql]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/129248268
[Grafana]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128260639
[Grafana 1]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128280232
[Grafana 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40972073/article/details/128292597
[Grafana 3]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128309734
[Grafana 4]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128379173
[Grafana 5]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128586826
[Grafana 6]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128665497
[Spring Boot Admin]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125567451
[SpringBoot Admin]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125302909
[Spring Boot Admin2 _EnableAdminServer]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/127986764
[Spring Boot Admin2 AdminServerAutoConfiguration]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/127990150
[Spring Boot Admin2]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/127992400
[Spring Boot Admin2 _JVM]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128029153
[Spring Boot Admin2 1]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128046695?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502
[Spring Boot Admin _Grafana]: https://itsaysay.blog.csdn.net/article/details/128089324?sp