springboot上传图片到本地

妖狐艹你老母 2024-03-04 08:04 132阅读 0赞

## springboot上传图片到本地 ##

简介：本文讲解，如何使用springboot，将代码上传到本地的某个特定的文件夹。

项目的演示文件，在这个地址：https://gitee.com/geek-li-hua/code-in-blog.git  
![在这里插入图片描述][9a25312d2b9d44e786dac8bd7171a034.png]

*  项目结构  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][21a79defc4924ca98ad4f24da98ea965.png]

### 数据库设计 ###

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `url_database`;
    CREATE TABLE `url_database`  (
      `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '图片id',
      `url` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '图片的url',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_bin ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

![在这里插入图片描述][a1f56c51263e4f3c866e8e9910760f34.png]

### application.properties ###

spring.port = 8080
    spring.datasource.username=root
    spring.datasource.password=123456
    spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

### pom.xml ###

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.15</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>ImageUploadLocally-demo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>ImageUploadLocally-demo</name>
        <description>ImageUploadLocally-demo</description>
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>8.0.32</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.2</version>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
    </project>

### 关键方法 ###

这个方法就是，上传文件的核心代码。

/**
         * 上传文件方法
         *
         * @param file 要上传的文件
         * @return 返回上传结果
         */
        public String upload(MultipartFile file) {
        
            if (file.isEmpty()) {
        
                return "No file uploaded"; // 如果文件为空，则返回提示信息"未上传文件"
            }
            String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename(); // 获取原始文件名
            String ext='.' + originalFilename.split("\\.")[1]; // 获取文件扩展名
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); // 生成随机UUID
            String newFileName = uuid + ext; // 新文件名
    
            // 上传图片
            ApplicationHome applicationHome = new ApplicationHome(this.getClass()); // 获取应用程序的根目录
            String pre = applicationHome.getDir().getParentFile().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath() +
                    "\\src\\main\\resources\\static\\images\\"; // 设置图片存储路径
            String path = pre + newFileName; // 图片完整路径
            try{
        
                file.transferTo(new File(path)); // 将文件保存到指定路径
            } catch (IOException e){
        
                e.printStackTrace(); // 打印异常信息
            }
    
            return path; // 返回上传成功信息
        }

![在这里插入图片描述][5a9bed80ca79467ba82fafb62d77e4d1.png]

然后就是再这个基础上封装一下返回结果，和对于数据库的CRUD。

于是有了下面的代码

/**
     * <p>
     *  前端控制器
     * </p>
     *
     * @author jakelihua
     * @since 2023-09-10
     */
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/url-database")
    public class UrlDatabaseController {
        
        /**
         * 上传文件方法
         *
         * @param file 要上传的文件
         * @return 返回上传结果
         */
        @Autowired
        private IUrlDatabaseService urlDatabaseService;
    
        @PostMapping("/upload")
        public Result addFile(MultipartFile file) {
        
            String path = upload(file);
    
            if  (path.equals("No file uploaded")) {
        
                return Result.fail("No file uploaded");
            }
            System.out.println(path);
            if (urlDatabaseService.save(new UrlDatabase(path))){
        
                return Result.success(path);
            } else {
        
                return Result.fail("save fail");
            }
        }
    
        public String upload(MultipartFile file) {
        
            if (file.isEmpty()) {
        
                return "No file uploaded"; // 如果文件为空，则返回提示信息"未上传文件"
            }
            String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename(); // 获取原始文件名
            String ext='.' + originalFilename.split("\\.")[1]; // 获取文件扩展名
            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""); // 生成随机UUID
            String newFileName = uuid + ext; // 新文件名
    
            // 上传图片
            ApplicationHome applicationHome = new ApplicationHome(this.getClass()); // 获取应用程序的根目录
            String pre = applicationHome.getDir().getParentFile().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath() +
                    "\\src\\main\\resources\\static\\images\\"; // 设置图片存储路径
            String path = pre + newFileName; // 图片完整路径
            try{
        
                file.transferTo(new File(path)); // 将文件保存到指定路径
            } catch (IOException e){
        
                e.printStackTrace(); // 打印异常信息
            }
    
            return path; // 返回上传成功信息
        }
    
        // 路由器首页
        @RequestMapping("/")
        public String index(){
        
            return "index.html";
        }
    }

添加成功的标致。  
![在这里插入图片描述][93ab948e9e9542709c7275f62783edd0.png]

*  前端测试代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>上传图片</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="/url-database/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            <input type="file" name="file" value="上传图片">
            <input type="submit" value="上传">
        </form>
    </body>
    </html>

[9a25312d2b9d44e786dac8bd7171a034.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/04/1388aa98bfc746939c159e19dd718f6e.png
[21a79defc4924ca98ad4f24da98ea965.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/04/ea7b5c44140a4258825178c1cc314efc.png
[a1f56c51263e4f3c866e8e9910760f34.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/04/3202523556634730a9da410fae7910a4.png
[5a9bed80ca79467ba82fafb62d77e4d1.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/04/9b574c193f9a4942a5a45eb6695a0df7.png
[93ab948e9e9542709c7275f62783edd0.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/04/3bada4baba074501b903ba894353f4ac.png