6级练口语记单词

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**A:** What is NY an **abbreviation** for ?  
**B:** New York.  
**abbreviation**  
n.缩写, 缩写词

**A:** You always **abide by** the law.  
**B:** Yes, I think it is important for national governance  
**abide**  
vt. 容忍  
**abide** by  
遵守，履行

**A:** I think my child’s behaviour is **abnormal**.  
**B:** No, he just has a lot of energy.  
**abnormal**  
a.反常的，异常的

**A:** I think they should **abolish** all the rules in this school.  
**B:** But then there would be chaos.  
**abolish**  
vt. 废止, 废除(法律、制度、习俗等)

**A:** Can you have an **abortion** in your country?  
**B:** Yes, do you agree with it?  
**abortion**  
n. 流产, 堕胎

**A:** Henry **abounds with** energy.  
**B:** I know I can never keep up with him.  
**abound**  
vi. 1. 大量存在  
2.（in,with） 充满 ,富于

**A:** Do you read the newspaper every morning?  
**B:** Yes, I at least try to **keep abreast of** current affairs.  
**abreast**  
ad. 并列，并排  
keep **abreast** of  
与……齐头并进，了解……的最新情况

**A:** I heard that you were nearly in an accident.  
**B:** Yes, it was a close call—but the car came to an **abrupt** stop just in time.  
**abrupt**  
a. 1. 突然的,意外的  
2.（举止、言谈等）唐突的，鲁莽的

**A:** Why do you **abstain** from alcohol?  
**B:** I think it is better for my health.  
**abstain**  
vi. 1.弃权  
2.（from）戒除

**A:** That was an **absurd** joke.  
**B:** Maybe, but it was still funny.  
**absurd**  
a. 荒谬的，荒唐的

**A:** There are an **abundance** of flies outside.  
**B:** I think that is because of the warm weather.  
**abundance**  
n. 大量，丰富，充足  
in **abundance** 充足，丰富

**A:** Mary hangs around with Joe a lot.  
**B:** Yes, I almost mistook her as an **accessory**.  
**accessory**   
n. 1.附件，零件，配件  
2.\[常pl.\]（妇女手提包之类的）装饰品  
3.同谋，帮凶，包庇犯

**A:** He **acclaimed** that he was fully recovered.  
**B:** And do you think that he actually was?  
**acclaim**  
vt. 向……欢呼，为……喝彩  
n. 称赞，欢迎

**A:** How many people will your hotel **accommodate**?  
**B:** Fifty, at a push.  
**accommodate**  
vt. 1.容纳  
2.向……提供住处（或膳宿）  
3.使适应，顺应

**A:** Do you think that Mr. Hand committed the crime alone?  
**B:** No, he has an **accomplice**.  
**accomplice**  
n. 共犯，从犯

**A:** Why were you late for work?  
**B:** I don’t have to tell you, I’m only **accountable** to my boss.  
**accountable**  
a. 负有责任的

**A:** That was an **ace** tennis match.  
**B:** Yeah, it was fantastic.  
**ace**  
n. 1.（纸牌等中的）幺点，“A”牌  
2.（网球等比赛中）发球得分  
3.（在某方面的）佼佼者  
a. 第一流的，杰出的

**A:** Do you play the **acoustic** guitar?  
**B:** Usually I play the electric.  
**acoustic**  
a. 1.听觉的，声音的  
2.（乐器）原声的

**A:** Have you **acquainted** yourself with the material yet?  
**B:** No, I still have to read the book.  
**acquaint**  
vt. （with）使认识，使了解，使熟悉

**A:** Has the case come to a close?  
**B:** Yes, the suspect was **acquitted** because there was not enough evidence.  
**acquit**  
vt. 1.宣判……无罪  
2.（oneself）使（自己）作出某种表现

**A:** If you press that red button you will **activate** the bomb.  
**B:**I’ll be sure not to press it then.  
**activate**  
vt. 使活动起来，使开始起作用

A: What do you want to be when you grow up?  
B: A feminist **activist** , working for female rights  
**activist**   
n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家

A: Do you drink tea?  
B: Yes, but I am **addicted** to coffee.  
**addict**   
n. 1.有瘾的人；2.入迷的人  
vt. 使成瘾，使入迷

A: I watch too much television.  
B: Me too, it is **addictive**   
**addictive**  
a. 使人入迷的，使人上瘾的

A: Are you going to wear those old shoes to the wedding?  
B: Yeah, I hate **adhering** to formalities.  
**adhere**  
vi. （to ）1.黏附，附着；2.遵守，坚持；3.追随，支持

A: Your poster has fallen down from the wall.  
B: I ran out of **adhesive** and forgot buy some more.  
**adhesive**   
n. 黏合剂  
a. 可黏着的，粘性的

A: Where do you live?  
B: **Adjacent** to the hospital, and near the school.  
**adjacent**  
a. (to)邻近的，毗连的

A: I always see Mary and Bill together.  
B: I do too, it is like as if they were **adjoined** at the hip.  
**adjoin**   
vt. 贴近，与…毗连

A: The pharmacy down the road is closed.  
B: Yes, it lost its license to **administer** over the counter drugs.  
**administer**   
vt. 1.掌管，料理…的事务；2.施行，实施；3.给予，派给，投（药）

A: I am reading a book about a sailing voyage set in 1900.  
B: Is that the one where the **admiral** gets thrown overboard?  
**admiral**  
n. 海军将领，舰队司令

A: He looks too young to be at university.  
B: I thought he was just an **adolescent**   
**adolescent**   
n. 青少年  
a. 青春期的，青少年的

A: I simply **adore** the band U2.  
B: They are good , but I prefer The Cranberries.  
**adore**  
vt. 1.崇拜，致敬，爱慕；2.非常喜欢

A: Did you enjoy the wedding?  
B: It was beautiful, the bride was **adorned** with rose in her hair.  
**adorn**  
vt. 装饰，使生色

A: I can not wait until **advent** is over.  
B: Likewise, then I can open all of my Christmas presents.  
**advent**   
n. 出现，到来

A: Peter and Mary are always fighting.  
B: I didn’t know that they had an **adversary** relationship.  
**adversary**   
n. 对手，敌手

A: Did you see the thunder and lightening last night?  
B: No, but the weather has been unusually **adverse** resently.  
**adverse**  
a. 不利的，有害的

A: By the way , I broke the radio **aerial** last night.  
B: I was wondering why the reception was so bad.  
**aerial**   
a. 1.飞机的，航空的，由飞机进行的；2.空中俯瞰的，架空的  
n. 天线

A: Do you like Monet’s work?  
B: No, I prefer Degas, He appeals more to my **aesthetic** sense.  
**aesthetic**  
见 esthetic

A: I am going on a study exchange to France next year.  
B: Oh, that’s right, your university is **affiliated** to one in Paris.  
**affiliate**  
vt. 使隶属（或附属）于  
n. 附属机构，分公司

A: Simon **affirmed** that he was in good health.  
B: Good , so he will be fit for work tomorrow.  
**affirm**   
vt.1.断言，坚持声称；2.证实，确认

A: I could never **afflict** harm upon another creature.  
B: Does that mean that you are also a vegetarian?  
**afflict**  
vt. 使苦恼，折磨

A: You live in a very **affluent** area of the city.  
B: I am lucky, but I am not weathy.  
**affluent**   
a. 富裕的，富足的

A: I love being in thunderstorms.  
B: I must say that I prefer the **aftermath**.  
**aftermath**  
n. 后果，余波

A: My little sister **aggravate** my daily!  
B: But aren’t you glad that you have a little sister?  
**aggravate**  
vt. 1.加重；2.激怒，使恼火

A: Life is of **aggregate** all past experience.  
B: Indeed, so I better try to gain as much experience as possible.  
**aggregate**   
n. 总数，合计  
a. 总计的，合计  
vt. 1.总计达，合计；2.使聚集，使积聚  
in the **aggregate** 总共，作为总体

A: Stop **agitate** your brother!  
B: He is the one that started it .  
**agitate**   
vi. （for,against）煽动，鼓动  
vt. 1.搅动，摇动；2.使焦虑不安

A: Try to calm down. The wound is not serious.  
B: But I am in **agony**   
**agony**   
n. （极度的）痛苦，创痛

A: Do you like your new neighbours?  
B: Yes, I find them very **agreeable**  
**agreeable**  
a. 1.令人愉快的，惬意的；2.（欣然）同意的，乐意的

A: My grandmother lives alone.  
B: Oh, mine now has an **aide** to help her in the home.  
**aide**   
n. 助手，副官

A: You are not looking well today.  
B: Unfortunately, I always have some sort of **ailment** in the winter.  
**ailment**   
n. 小病，疾病

A: This room is far too warm.  
B: Turn on the **air-conditioning** then.  
**air-conditioning**  
n. 空调设备，空调系统

A: I tripped up walking down the **aisle** in church last Sunday.  
B: That is because you never tie your laces property.  
**aisle**   
n. 过道，通道

A: Did you take a lot of photos on your holidays?  
B: Yeah, two **album** full.  
**album**   
n. 粘贴簿，集邮簿，像册

A: I’m not too fond of **alcoholic** drinks.  
B: Well I usually drink Coke as well.  
**alcoholic**   
a. 1.酒精的，含酒精的；2.由酒精引起的  
n. 酗酒者

A: I would love to visit South America.  
B: So would I , but at the moment it seems almost **alien** to me.  
**alien**   
a. 1.外国的，外国人的；2.陌生的；3.性质不同的，不相容的  
n. 1.外国人，外侨；2.外星人

A: The new girl in our class seems to be **alienated** from us.  
B: I will invite her to join us at lunch, maybe that will help.  
**alienate**   
vt. 1.使疏远，使不友好，离间；2.转让，让渡（财产等）

A: He **alleged** that he was burgled during the night.  
B: I do not believe him, he is always telling lies.  
**allege**   
vt. 断言，宣称，硬说

A: Here is some cream to **alleviate** your pain.  
B: Thanks, I will use it straight away.  
**alleviate**   
vt. 减轻，缓解，缓和

A: Where did you lose your purse?  
B: In the **alley** beside my house.  
**alley**   
n. 小巷，胡同

A: I have been **allotted** only two shelves for all my belongings in the dor.  
B: I am sure that you can ask for more space if you need it.  
**allot**   
vt. 分配，拨出

A: Is your ring made of pure silver?  
B: No, I think that it is just an **alloy** .  
**alloy**   
n. 合金  
vt. 将……铸成合金

A: Mr. Jones often **alludes** to his wealth.  
B: yes, but actually I don’t think he is wealthy compared to Mrs. Devan.  
**allude**   
vi. （to）暗指，提及

A: Why did you come to Beijing?  
B: I was **allured** by the bright lights of the city.  
**allure**  
n. 诱惑力，魅力  
vt. 诱惑，引诱，吸引

A: I heard an **almighty** amount of noise outside last night.  
B: Sorry, that was my dog chasing my neighbour’s cat.  
**almighty**  
a.1.全能的，万能的；2.很大的，很强的

A: How often will you be able to work?  
B: Only on **alternate** days I am afraid.  
**alternate**  
a.1.交替的，轮流的；供选择的；2.间隔的  
v. （使）轮流，（使）交替

A: I **amassed** a lot of lecture notes during my undergraduate degree.  
B: I hope that you **amassed** them in your head also!  
**amass**  
vt. 积累，积聚

A: Did you enjoy the end of the novel?  
B: No, it was too **ambiguous** for me.  
**ambiguous**  
a. 引起歧义的，模棱两可的，含糊不清的

A: You work very hard.  
B: Maybe, but I ma **ambitious** and want to do well in my career.  
**ambitious**  
a.1.有抱负的，雄心勃勃的；2.有野心的

A: Your essay is good. But I think that you need to **amend** the conclusion.  
B: Oh, I thought the ending was the best part.  
**amend**  
vt. 修改，修订，改进  
n.\[pl.\]赔罪，赔偿

A: Do your parents get along well?  
B: Yes, they at least have an **amicable** relationship.  
**amiable**  
a. 和蔼可亲的，友好的

A: The army in my county is under-funded.  
B: I think that it is a good thing that it can not afford more **ammunition** though.  
**ammunition**  
n. 弹药，军火

A: Is there enough space in the back of the car?  
B: Yes, **ample**.  
**ample**  
a.1.足够的；2.宽敞的，面积大的

A: I can not hear the lecturer.  
B: He needs to **amplify** his voice more.  
**amplify**  
vt.1.放大（声音等），增强；2.扩大，详述，进一步阐述

A: My teacher used the **analogy** of an acorn and oak tree to explain the potential of the school.  
B: He must think you all have a lot of potential then.  
**analogy**  
n. 比拟，类比，类推  
by **analogy**  
用类推的方法

A: That guy is crazy.  
B: Maybe he needs to see an **analyst**.  
**analyst**  
n.1.分析家，化验员；2.心理分析学家

A: You have a very **analytic** mind.  
B: I think that is why I enjoy mathematics.  
**analytic**  
见analytical

A: Do you ever read the Financial Times?  
B: No, it is far too **analytical** for me.  
**analytical**  
a. 分析的，分析法的

A: My two year old son is very destructive.  
B: Maybe he wants to be a political **anarchist** when he grows up!  
**anarchist**  
n. 无政府主义者

A: I would like to research my **ancestry** some day.  
B: Do you even know the origin of your family name yet?  
**ancestry**  
n. 祖先，世系

A: I love Philip’s stories.  
B: Yes, particularly his **anecdotes**.  
**anecdote**  
n. 轶事，趣闻

A: Do you like Micheangelo’s paintings?  
B: Very much, particularly his depictions of **angels**.  
**angel**  
n.1.天使；2.可爱的人

A: My classmate had to go to hospital just before the exams.  
B: Probably too much **anguish** and stress.  
**anguish**  
n. （精神或肉体的）极度痛苦

A: Did you know that Germany **annexed** part of Czechoslovakia during the war?  
B: Yeah, I read about it in my history book.  
**annex**  
vt. 兼并，吞并  
n. 附属建筑物

A: Do you know who wrote this poem?  
B: No, it is **anonymous**, the poet did not disclose his name.  
**anonymous**  
a. 1.无名的，不具名的； 2.匿名的 ；3.无特色的，无个特征的

A: The film was about an **antagonism** between two countries.  
B: Sounds too violent for my liking.  
**antagonism**   
n.对抗，敌对，对立

A: Is that insect dangerous?  
B: Only if you touch it’s **antenna**.  
**antenna**   
n.1.触角，触须 ；2.天线

A: My grandfather went missing in South America while conducting a research project.  
B: Was he an **anthropologist** or a scientist?  
**anthropologist**   
n.人类学家，人类学者

A: Do you know the **antonym** of “fast”?  
B: Yes, “slow”. It was the opposite meaning of “fast”.  
**antonym**   
n.反义词

A: Would you like to come to the zoo with me ?  
B: So long as we can visit the **ape** compound.  
**ape**   
n.猿  
vt.模仿

A: I was **appalled** by the state of the living conditions of the poorer people in the region.  
B: Yes, but the government is doing their best to help the situation.  
**appall**   
vt.使惊骇，使大吃一惊

A: Can you help me with my science experiment?  
B: So long as you have the necessary **apparatus** and it is not dangerous.  
**apparatus**   
n.1.器械，器具，仪器 ；2.机构，组织

A: Did you enjoy the meal?  
B: Yes, thanks. And it certainly **appeased** my hunger.  
**appease**   
vt.平息，抚慰姑息

A: I can’t find the information that you quoted.  
B: Look in **Appendix** Four, page 231.  
**appendix**   
n.1.阑尾 ；2.附录

A: I think the performance was fantastic.  
B: The audience seemed to agreed, they **applauded** for five minutes.  
**applaud**   
vi.鼓掌，喝彩  
vt.1.向...鼓掌，向...喝彩 ；2.称赞，赞许

A: A journalist for the national paper wrote a warm **appraisal** for the new play.  
B: I must book a ticket soon then, before they are all sold out.  
**appraisal**   
n.估计，估量，评价

A: Did they **apprehend** the criminal yet?  
B: No, I think that the police are still looking for him.  
**apprehend**   
vt.逮捕，拘押，领会，理解

A: What is your current occupation?  
B: I am an **apprentice** electrician but I will be qualified in two months.  
**apprentice**   
n.学徒，徒弟

A: Your shirt is filthy.  
B: Oops, I was cooking but did not have an **apron**.  
**apron**   
n.1.围裙　；2.台口(舞台幕前的突出部分) ；3.停机坪

A: Your comment about inefficient train service was most **apt**. I have been waiting in this platform for half an hour.  
B: Oh, not quite. Here comes the train now.  
**apt**   
a.1.易于，有(做某事的)倾向 ；2.恰当的，适宜的 ；3.聪明的，反应敏捷的

A: Did you get into the university course that you applied for?  
B: Well, I have to pass an **aptitude** test first, and then if I am successful I will be admitted.  
**aptitude**   
n.(学习方面的)才能，资质，天资

A: That is a beautiful bridge.  
B: Yes, it’s in the shape of an **arc**.  
**arc**   
n.1. 弧形(物) ；2.弧 ；3.电弧，弧光

A: The new town hall is now completed.  
B: Yes, I saw it , and the front **arches** look really beautiful.  
**arch**   
n.拱，拱门，拱形(结构)  
v.(使)成拱形  
a.调皮的，淘气的

A: I am very interested in buried ruins and treasures.  
B: You should study **archaeology**.  
**archaeology**   
n.考古学

A: It is my **ardent** wish to travel around the world.  
B: You better start saving your money now.  
**ardent**   
a.热心的，热情的，热烈的

A: The concert will take place in the main **arena** .  
B: Wow, it will be huge. I know it can hold 30,000 people.  
**arena**   
n.1.表演场地，竞技场 ；2.活动场所

A: Mr. Smith was an **aristocrat** and owned a large piece of land in the south of the country.  
B: Does that mean that he was also very wealthy?  
**aristocrat**   
n.贵族

A: I dreamt last night that a knight in shining **armor** rescued me from a burning tower.  
B: Let me guess the ending, you woke up before you had a chance to fall in love!  
**armor**   
n.盔甲，装甲，保护物

A: The new shopping centre has a vast **array** of interesting products.  
B: Yes, but they are far too expensive.  
**array**   
n.1.展示，陈列，一系列 ；2.排列，队形 ；3.衣服，盛装 ；4.数组，阵列  
vt.1.排列，配置(兵力) ；2.打扮，装饰

A: Why did you break up with your first boyfriend?  
B: He was too **arrogant** and never listen to me.  
**arrogant**   
a.傲慢的，自大的

A: I heard that Ted was arrested for **arson** .  
B: Yeah, he set the local school on fire.  
**arson**   
n.纵火(罪)

A: Don’t eat so many fatty foods, they will block your **arteries** .  
B: But they are the foods that I like the best.  
**artery**   
n.1.动脉 ；2.干线，要道

A: I find Paul difficult to understand.  
B: That is because he does not **articulate** his words very clearly.  
**articulate**   
a.1.善于表达的，发音清晰的 ；2.表达得清楚有力的  
vt.1.明确有力地表达；2.清晰地吐(字)，清晰地发(音)

A: The army has amassed a huge amount of **artillery** .  
B: Let’s hope they don’t have to use it.  
**artillery**   
n.1.火炮，大炮 ；2.炮兵(部队)

A: Do you think that we **ascend** into heaven when we die?  
B: I am not sure. I am still undecided.  
**ascend**   
vi.渐渐上升，升高  
vt.攀登，登上

A: I couldn’t **ascertain** whether he was joking or serious.  
B: Don’t worry, he has a strange sense of humor.  
**ascertain**   
vt.查明，弄清，确定

A: Your father **ascribed** beauty and intelligence to you.  
B: Thanks for the compliment.  
**ascribe**   
vt.1.(to)把...归因于；2.把...归属于

A: The man’s body came **ashore** five days after he went missing from the ship.  
B: Oh, how terrible, that must have been the one that was found on the beach yesterday.  
**ashore**   
ad.在岸上，上岸

A: It is my **aspiration** to become a doctor.  
B: Well, if you stick to your goals I am sure you can do it.  
**aspiration**   
n.强烈的愿望，志向，抱负

A: I do not think I have achieved enough yet.  
B: Well, if you always **aspire** to do your best then you will not be unhappy.  
**aspire**   
vi.渴望，追求，有志于

A: Is that a donkey or an **ass** ?  
B: Neither, it is a small horse.  
**ass**   
n.1.笨蛋，傻瓜 ;2.驴

A: Did you hear that there was an attempted **assassination** on the president?  
B: Yes, but it was not true, somebody was spreading rumours.  
**assassination**   
n.刺杀，暗杀

A: We were warned about the risk of **assault** in the city.  
B: Good, it is always better to be aware of the dangers.  
**assault**   
vt.(武力或口头上的)攻击，袭击

A: He **asserted** his points strongly during the debate.  
B: Why didn’t he win it then?  
**assert**   
vt.1.肯定地说，断言 2.维护，坚持  
A: I think that guy is too rude.  
B: Really, I think he is just trying to **assert himself** .  
**assert oneself**   
坚持自己的权利，显示自己的权威

A: I think that the new student has **assimilated** well into his new environment.  
B: Perhaps, but he does not seem to have many friends.  
**assimilate**  
vt. 1.吸收，消化；2.使同化  
vi. 1.被吸收，被消化；2.被同化

A: I gave Linda an **assorted** box of sweets for her birthday.  
B: Did you not know that chocolates were her favourite?  
**assorted**  
a. 1.各种各样的，混杂的，什锦的

A: I received **assurances** that I would get help.  
B: And did they come through?  
**assurance**  
n. 1.把握，信心；2.保证，表示保证（或鼓励、安慰）的话；3.（人寿）保险

A: I am not able to run fast because I suffer from **asthma** .  
B: Don’t worry, I can’t run fast either because I am unfit!  
**asthma**  
n. 气喘，哮喘

A: It is my dream to be an **astronaut** one day.  
B: I too would love to see the earth from space.  
**astronaut**  
n. 宇航员

A: I am going to visit the new **astronomy** research centre in town tonight, would you like to join me?  
B: I’d love too, is there a good telescope to view the stars with?  
**astronomy**  
n. 天文学

A: They are closing down the local **asylum** .  
B: It is about time, the care facilities there were terrible.  
**asylum**  
n. 1.庇护，政治避难；2.精神病院

A: Do you have an **atlas** ? I want to check where and in which ocean the Tongan Islands are.  
B: No, I don’t have one, but I think that they are in the Pacific.  
**atlas**  
n. 地图集

A: Is **attendance** at the lecture absolutely necessary?  
B: Well, if you want to get credit for this course it is.  
**attendance**  
n. 1.出席人数；2.出席，参加，出席次数；3.护理，照料

A: I lost my wallet at the cinema yesterday.  
B: Did you ask the **attendant** on duty if it was found?  
**attendant**  
n. 服务人员，侍者，随从  
a. 伴随的，随之而产生的

A: The box of old photos that you are looking for is in the **attic** .  
B: On the right or left hand side?  
**attic**  
n. 阁楼

A: The **auction** will be held at 3pm on Saturday.  
B: Good, I’d like to set a starting price of one hundred dollars for my table.  
**auction**  
n./vt. 拍卖

A: Even though I’m not registered in this department, will it be alright if I **audit** your classes?  
B: It is fine with me, but it is best to check with the department first.  
**audit**  
vt. 审计，检查（帐目）

A: Are all the accounts from your business in order?  
B: No, the **auditor** still needs to check them.  
**auditor**  
n. 审计员，稽核员

A: Where will the classical concert be held?  
B: In the main **auditorium**   
**auditorium**  
n. 1.观众席，听众席；2.礼堂，会堂

A: He is suffering from an **auditory** infection.  
B: I hope he recovers soon.  
**auditory**  
a. 听觉的，听觉器官的

A: My salary will be **augmented** with the aid of extra hours.  
B: Great, but don’t work too hard.  
**augment**  
vt. 扩大，增加，提高

A: I attended a memorial service last night.  
B: It must have a very **austere** occasion.  
**austere**  
a. 1.朴素的，无装饰的；2.严峻的，一丝不苟的；3.十分简朴的，苦行的

A: Are you jeans **authentic** ?  
B: No, they are just cheap copies of the original brand.  
**authentic**  
a. 1.真的，真正的；2.可靠的，可信的

A: John has such an **authoritative** voice. It is frightening.  
B: I find him scary at times also.  
**authoritative**  
a. 1.权威性的，可信的；2.专断的，命令式的

A: Stop! You are not **authorized** to enter this section of the building.  
B: Oh, I’m sorry, I didn’t realize that I needed special permission.  
**authorize**  
vt. 授权，批准

A: What are you reading?  
B: Nelson Mandela’s **autobiography** , I highly recommend it.  
**autobiography**  
n. 自传

A: Is that dog over there real?  
B: No, I think that it is just an **automation**   
**automation**  
n. 自动化（技术），自动操作

A: I am moving to an **autonomous** region of the country.  
B: Gosh, that will be an interesting experience.  
**autonomous**  
a. 1.自治的；2.独立自主的

A: You are very independent.  
B: My **autonomy** is protected by the law.  
**autonomy**   
n. 1.自治，自治权；2.人身自由，自主权

A: Where you able to get through to the ticket office when you telephoned?  
B: I tried several times, but to no **avail.**   
**avail**  
n. \[一般用于否定句或疑问句中\] 效用，利益，帮助

A: What was the film about?  
B: A guy trying to **avenge** the killing of his brother. It was quite violent.  
**avenge**  
vt. 1.为…复仇，报…之仇；2.(on)向…报仇

A: Let’s turn left down the next road.  
B: Good idea, that way we can **avert** the traffic jam.  
**avert**  
vt. 1.防止，避免；2.转移（目光、注意力等）

A: I heard that the national **aviation** company owes a lot of money to the government.  
B: Well, it must be because of the price of new planes.  
**aviation**  
n. 1.航空，航空学；2.飞机制造业

A: I was filled with **awe** when I watched the sun rise this morning.  
B: It is a shame that I missed it, I was still in bed.  
**awe**  
n. 敬畏，惊惧  
vt. 使敬畏，使惊惧  
be / stand in awe of 敬畏

A: At what speed does the earth spin on its **axis** ?  
B: I am not quite sure, you should check in your textbook.  
**axis**  
n. 1.轴，轴线，中心线；2.坐标轴，基准线

**B**   
A: My brother got married last year.  
B: That surprises me, I thought that he would remain a **bachelor** for the rest of his life.  
**bachelor**  
n. 1.单身男士，单身汉; 2.学士,学士学位

A: That is a nice **badge** that you are wearing.  
B: Thanks, I bought it at the market this morning.  
**badge**  
n. 1.徽章，证章； 2.标记，标志; 3.象征

A: Would you like have a game of **badminton** with me this evening?  
B: Sorry, but I only play football.  
**badminton**  
n. 羽毛球运动

A: Did you enjoy the film?  
B: Yeah, but I was **baffled** by the plot.  
**baffle**  
vt. 使困惑，难住

A: Was the criminal released from jail?  
B: Yes, but only on **bail**.  
**bail**  
n. 1.保释金； 2.准许保释  
vt. 1.(out) 保释，帮助脱离困境; 2.用桶(从船里)舀水

A: I caught four fish, big ones.  
B: You must have been using good **bait**.  
**bait**  
n. 1.(钓鱼等用的)饵,诱饵; 诱惑物，引诱物  
vt.1.装饵于,故意激怒

A: that man looks very young to be going **bald**.  
B: Yeah, he looks no more than twenty five.  
**bald**  
a. 1.秃头的，秃的; 2.(织物,轮胎等)磨光的; 3.明显的，不加掩饰的

A: Have you ever been to the **ballet**?  
B: Yes, but I always prefer the theatre.  
**ballet**  
n. 1.芭蕾舞，芭蕾舞剧; 2.芭蕾舞用

A: The voting for the president was done by the secret **ballot**.  
B: It must have been very fair then.  
**ballot**  
n. 1.投票表决(或选举); 2.选票; 3.投票总数  
v. (使)投票表决

A: This meal is delicious, is there a secret ingredient?  
B: Not really, except I used lots of **bamboo** shoots.  
**bamboo**  
n. 竹,竹子

A: Help! I am bleeding.  
B: Here, use my scarf as a **bandage**.

A: I was not able to **bandage** your wound properly.  
B: It is alright, so long as the bleeding has stopped.  
**bandage**  
n. 绷带  
vt. 用绷带绑扎

A: This film is stupid.  
B: Really, you usually one the ones about **bandits** and cowboys.  
**bandit**  
n. 强盗，土匪，歹徒

A: I can’t **banish** my girlfriend from my dreams.  
B: It must be love then.  
**banish**  
vt. 1.放逐，驱逐;2.消除，排除

A: My university is putting on an huge **banquet** for my graduation.  
B: Sounds wonderful, can I come?  
**banquet**  
n. 宴会，盛宴

A: The weather is wonderful, let’s have a **barbecue**.  
B: You go ahead, I have already had my dinner.  
**barbecue**  
n. 1.金属烧烤; 2.烧烤野餐  
vt. 在烤架上烧烤

A: That is a very long boat in the canal.  
B: It is one of the largest **barges** in the country.  
**barge**  
n. 驳船  
vi. (卤莽而笨拙地)猛撞,冲，闯  
**barge** in 闯入,干预

A: This tea tastes strange.  
B: That is because it is made out of **barley**.  
**barley**  
n. 大麦

A: The **barometer** indicates that it is going to be raining tomorrow.  
B: Oh, I never trust that old thing.  
**barometer**  
n. 气压计,晴雨表

A: The **barracks** were burned down during the fighting.  
B: Was anyone injured?  
**barrack**  
v. 起哄，喝倒彩  
n. \[pl.\] 兵营，营房

A: These fields are so **barren** I am amazed that even grass can grow on them.  
B: It can just about, but it has difficulty.  
**barren**  
a. 1.(土地等)贫瘠的，荒芜的; 2.不结果实的，不(生)育的; 3.无益的，没有结果的

A: My little brother has **barricaded** himself into his bedroom and refused to come out.  
B: Don’t worry, when he gets hungry he will come out.

A: The old town walls were initially built as **barricades** to keep the enemy out.  
B: It is a shame that they have been so badly damaged!  
**barricade**  
n. 路障，栅栏，障碍  
vt. 设路障于,挡住

A: Do you have a **basement** in your house?  
B: Yes, but we only use it for storage.  
**basement**  
n. 地下室

A: This music is terrible.  
B: I think that it is just because the **bass** is too loud.  
**bass**  
n. 1.男低音,低声部,低音乐器; 2.鲈鱼

A: I once read a book about an unwanted **bastard** child that was left to grow up alone in a forest.  
B: I think that I may have read that one also.  
**bastard**  
n. 1.坏蛋，混蛋; 2.私生子

A: There is a wonderful smell coming from the kitchen.  
B: I am glad that you like it, I have just made a **batch** of biscuits.  
**batch**  
n. 1.一批,一组,一群; 2.一批生产量

A: The woman was horribly **battered** by her husband.  
B: How awful, I hope that she left him

A: Do you like pancakes?  
B: No, and nothing else that is made out of **batter**.  
**batter**  
v. 连续猛击  
n. (用鸡蛋,牛奶等调制的)面糊

A: Where did you buy your necklace?  
B: Oh, I just bought the **beads** and made it myself.  
**bead**  
n. 1.小珠子; 2.(水,血,汗的)小滴

A: I **beckoned** him to come, but he refused to move.  
B: Perhaps you were not polite enough.  
**beckon**  
v. 示意,召唤

A: Watch out, there is a **beetle** crawling under your leg.  
B: Ah, I hate insects.  
**beetle**  
n. 甲虫

A: You should have telephoned me **beforehand** when you knew you were going to be late.  
B: I am sorry, but my mobile phone is broken.  
**beforehand**  
ad. 预先，事先

A: There is no need to **bellow** orders at me.  
B: Sorry, but I did not think that you would hear me unless I shouted.

A: The fire is going out. What should I do?  
B: Use the **bellows** to blow air onto it.  
**bellow**  
vi. 1.咆哮，怒吼; 2.(公牛般地)吼叫  
vt. 大声发出,大声喝道  
n. 1.喊声，咆哮; 2.\[~ s\]风箱

A: I have a pain in my **belly**.  
B: Well, you should have bad breakfast.  
**belly**  
n. 肚子,腹部

A: Thank you for the beautiful present, you are far too **benevolent**.  
B: You are most welcome. Kindness is not a complaint.  
**benevolent**  
a. 仁慈的，善意的,慈善的

A: The test results have come back and the lump was **benign**.  
B: Thanks, Doctor. I was so worried.  
**benign**  
a. 1.善良的，慈祥的； 2.(肿瘤等)良性的,无危险的

A: I read in the newspaper that the city was **besieged** by unexpected attack.  
B: Oh, I never trust the newspapers.  
**besiege**  
vt. 1.围攻，围困; 2.围住，拥在…周围

A: I **bestow** this gift upon you as a sign of my gratitude and thanks.  
B: You are too generous.  
**bestow**  
vt. 赠与,授予

A: Why are you looking so upset?  
B: My girlfriend has just **betrayed** me.  
**betray**  
vt.1.背叛，出卖; 2.失信于,辜负; 3.泄露(秘密等); 4.(非故意地)暴露，显露

A: Would you like a hot **beverage**, Richard?  
B: No thanks, Peter. I just had a coffee.  
**beverage**  
n. 饮料

A: I was bitten on the leg as I walked through the gate.  
B: Did you not read the sign, “**Beware** of the Dog” ?  
**beware**  
v. 谨防，当心

A: Every time I look at the night sky I am **bewildered** by the stars.  
B: Me too, they are fascinating.  
**bewilder**  
vt. 使迷惑，使难住

A: It is difficult to write this article without being **biased**.  
B: Well, make sure you look at the issue from both sides before you start.  
**bias**  
n. 偏见，偏心，偏袒  
vt. 使有偏见

A: Now students, make sure you include a complete **bibliography** at the end of your work.  
B: But that takes so much time.  
**bibliography**  
n. 1.参考书目; 2.(有关某一专题的)书目

A: Did you hear about the new **bilateral** agreement between Russia and France?  
B: No, not yet, I have not listened to the news today.  
**bilateral**  
a. 双边的，双方的

A: Did anyone call the fire brigade when the fire was detected?  
B: yes, but when they arrived it was too late, the smoke was already **billowing** out of the windows.  
**billow**  
n. 巨浪,如波涛滚滚向前之物(如浓烟,浓雾等)  
vi. 翻腾，汹涌

A: Please don’t throw your rubbish on the ground, there is a **bin** beside the door.  
B: Oh, sorry, I did not see it.  
**bin**  
n. 1.垃圾箱; 2.大贮藏箱

A: Oh, I wish I had brought my **binoculars** to the concert.  
B: Yeah, the performers look so small from the back row.  
**binoculars**  
n. 双筒望远镜

A: You have had such an interesting life, I would love to read your **biography** some day.  
B: Oh, really. I hadn’t planned on writing one.  
**biography**  
n. 传记

A: Last night was **bizarre**, it snowed when it should have been dry.  
B: Well, it is difficult to predict the weather.  
**bizarre**  
a. 奇形怪状的，怪诞的

A: Why did you steal the money?  
B: I was **blackmailed** into it.  
**blackmail**  
vt./n. 敲诈，勒索，要挟

A: My grandfather used to work with horses.  
B: Was he a **blacksmith**?  
**blacksmith**  
n. 铁匠, 锻工

A: Is there a toilet in this building? My **bladder** is about to burst.  
B: Just down the hallway, on the right.  
**bladder**  
n 1.膀胱; 2.囊状物.  
  
A: The food that I cook is usually very **bland**.  
B: No, I think it is quite spicy actually.  
**bland**  
a. 1.温和的, 无动于衷的; 2.(食物)清淡的，枯燥乏味的

A: The concert was incredible, the lead singer nearly **blazed** the house down with his energy.  
B: Gosh, it sounds almost dangerous.  
**blaze**  
vi. 1.熊熊燃烧，着火; 2.发(强)光，放光彩; 3.迸发，爆发  
n. 1.火焰,烈火; 2.光辉，强烈(或眩目)的光; 3.迸发,爆发; 4.灿烂，炫耀  
**blaze** a trail 开拓道路，作先导

A: Have you cleaned the bath yet?  
B: No, sorry. I ran out of **bleach**.  
**bleach**  
n. 漂白剂  
v. (使)变白,漂白

A: Winter is my favourite season.  
B: Oh, winters are too **bleak** for me, I prefer autumn.  
**bleak**  
a. 1.没有希望的，凄凉的; 2.荒凉的; 3.寒冷刺骨的

A: My grandmother used to **bless** herself every time she passes a church.  
B: She must have been very religious.  
**bless**  
vt. 1.(with) 使有幸得到，使具有; 2.为…祈神赐福(或保佑)

A: Did you have a good crop of potatoes this year?  
B: Unfortunately not, they were hit by **blight**.  
**blight**  
n. 1.(植物等)枯萎病; 2.造成破坏(或损坏)的因素  
vt. 破坏，摧残

A: I **blinked** and missed the town. It was so small.  
B: Drive more slowly then!

A: With each **blink** I get older.  
B: Well, I am sorry, but I can not do anything to stop time passing.  
**blink**  
vi. 1.眨眼睛； 2.闪亮,闪烁  
n. 眨眼睛，一瞬间  
on the **blink** (机器等)坏了，出故障

A: Did anybody witness the accident?  
B: Yes, a **blonde** was walking down the street.  
**blonde**  
a. 金发的  
n. 金发女子

A: Zoe **blossomed** into a world class pianist.  
B: She must have practiced very hard.  
**blossom**  
n. (尤指果树的)花  
vi. 1.(植物)开花; 2.(out, into)发展，长成  
in (full) **blossom** 正开着花

A: I think this artist is very talented.  
B: I don’t . I think he just **blots** the paper with colour.  
**blot**  
vt. 1.(用墨水等)弄脏; 2.(用吸墨纸)吸干  
n. 污点，污渍  
**blot** out 1.把…弄模糊，遮蔽; 2.完全清除(思想，记忆)

A: We shall see the **blueprints** to start working on the building in September.  
B: OK, I shall get to work straight away.  
**blueprint**  
n. 蓝图，行动计划

A: Did James tell you what happened yesterday?  
B: Yes, but I am not sure if it was a lie of a **bluff**.  
**bluff**  
v. 虚张声势,吓唬  
n. 1.虚张声势；2.悬崖，峭壁  
a. 直率的，坦率的，粗率的  
call sb. **bluff** 要求某人摊牌，向某人挑战

A: Oops, I’ve made a **blunder**.  
B: Don’t worry, we can fix it.  
**blunder**  
n. (因无知,粗心等造成的)错误  
vi. 1.跌跌撞撞地走，慌乱地走; 2.犯错误

A: Do you not know how to cut bread?  
B: Of course I do, but this knife is **blunt**.  
**blunt**  
a. 1.钝的; 2.率直的，直言不讳的  
vt. 1.使迟钝，使减弱; 2.使钝

A: Do you remember your first birthday?  
B: No, it is all a **blur**.

A: He **blurred** the corners of the picture to make it look old.  
B: He did a good job of it.  
**blur**  
n. 模糊，模糊的东西  
v. (使)变模糊

A: Brian **blurted** out the answer before I even had a chance to think about it.  
B: Yes, he is very smart.  
**blurt**  
vt. (out) 脱口而出

A: You are very beautiful.  
B: Stop, you are making me **blush**.  
**blush**  
vi./n. 脸红

A: Are there any **bogs** in your country?  
B: Yes, plenty, particularly in the west, where it is very wet.

A: Would you like to come to the cinema with me tonight?  
B: Can we go next week, I’m bogged down at work at the moment.  
**bog**  
n. 沼泽  
v. (down) 1.(使)陷入困境; 2.(使)陷入泥沼

A: Family ties are the strongest form of **bondage**.  
B: I don’t agree, I am not very close to my parents.  
**bondage**  
n. 1.奴役；2.束缚

A: You have worked so hard. We have decided to give you a **bonus**.  
B: Gosh, thanks!  
**bonus**  
n. 1.奖金，红利; 2.额外给予的东西

A: What type of work does your company do?  
B: This **booklet** contains all the details that you will need.  
**booklet**  
n. 小册子

A: The tickets will be on sale at the **booth** on the right.  
B: Great, I’ll be there when it opens at 8.  
**booth**  
n. 1.(隔开的)小房间,公用电话亭, 岗亭; 2.售货棚,货摊

A: Is there a library in your town?  
B: No, I have to travel to the next **borough**.  
**borough**  
n. 自治城镇，(大城市的)行政区

A: I like to hold my baby to my **bosom**.  
B: It must be a very comfortable feeling.  
**bosom**  
n. 1.胸部，乳房； 2.胸怀，内心

A: There was so much food at dinner last night.  
B: Yes, what a **bounty**!  
**bounty**  
n.1.(由政府提供的)奖金，赏金; 2.慷慨，大方

A: Those flower are beautiful, who gave you the **bouquet**?  
B: My mother, they were a birthday gift.  
**bouquet**  
n. 1.花束; 2.(酒的)芳香

A: Where do you live?  
B: On the north side of the town, where the **bourgeois** tend to live.  
**bourgeois**  
a. 1.追求物质享受的；2.中产阶级的；3.资产阶级的  
n. 1.追求物质享受的人; 2.中产阶级分子； 3.资产阶级分子

A: You are not looking very well at the moment.  
B: Yeah, I had a nasty **bout** of food poisoning last week.  
**bout**  
n. 1.(疾病等的)侵袭，发作; 2.一次,一阵，一回; 3.拳击(或摔交)比赛

A: Doctor, I have been having some **bowel** problems lately.  
B: Well, sit down and I will see what I can do.  
**bowel**  
n. 1.肠; 2.\[pl.\]内部，深处

A: I enjoy **bowling** and usually play on Sunday afternoon.  
B: I’d love to join you next week.  
**bowling**  
n. 保龄球运动

A: The students set up a **boycott** outside the school gates.  
B: Why? What was the problem?  
**boycott**  
vt./n. (联合)抵制,拒绝参与

A: I broke my leg and had to wear a **brace** for two months.  
B: That must have been very painful.  
**brace**  
vt. 1.使防备，使受锻炼; 2.支住，撑牢; 3.使绷紧  
n. 支架,托架

A: That is a beautiful **bracelet** that you are wearing.  
B: Thanks, it was my grandmother’s.  
**bracelet**  
n. 手镯，臂镯

A: Excuse me, sir, but should this sentence be put in **brackets**?  
B: No, they are not necessary.

A: The bookshelves are falling down.  
B: That is because you did not **bracket** them to the wall.  
**bracket**  
n. 1.括号; 2.(年龄，收入等的)等级段，档次; 3.壁架，托架  
vt. 1.把…置于括号内; 2.把…归入同一类

A: Billy is always **bragging** about his success.  
B: Ah, he is still young, be patient with him.  
**brag**  
v. 自夸，吹嘘

A: Would you like a **brandy**?  
B: No, thanks. It is too early for a drink.  
**brandy**  
n. 白兰地酒

A: What happened to Peter? I see that he broke his arm.  
B: Oh, he got into a **brawl** on the street last night.  
**brawl**  
n./vi. 争吵，打架

A: Why are you home from work? It is early.  
B: I could not stand it anymore and was forced to **breach** my contract.  
**breach**  
n. 1.破坏，违反;2.(关系的)破裂，不和; 3. 缺口,裂口  
vt. 1.攻破, 在…造成缺口; 2.破坏，违反

A: Sorry I am late, there was a **breakdown** on the road.  
B: Not to worry, the class has not started yet.  
**breakdown**  
n. 1.垮台，破裂；2.(健康，精神等)衰竭，衰弱; 3.(机器等的)损坏，故障; 4分类

A: Finally, a **breakthrough** in my science experiment.  
B: Great, all your hard work has finally paid off.  
**breakthrough**  
n. 突破，突破性进展，重要的新发现

A: Will you put the tea on to **brew** please?  
B: Sure, in a few minutes.

A: After failing the exam he **brewed** for four days.  
B: And is he feeling better now?

A: Is this a strong **brew**?  
B: No, it is fairly weak.  
**brew**  
vt. 1.酿造（啤酒）; 2.冲泡(茶,咖啡等)  
vi. 1.(茶,咖啡等)冲泡; 2.酝酿，行将发生  
n. 冲泡(或酿造)的饮料

A: I was offered a **bribe** to give my students better marks in their exams.  
B: I hope that you did not accept it.

B: Tell me, why did you break into the bank?  
B: I was **bribed** into it.  
**bribe**  
vt. 向…行贿，买通  
n. 贿赂，行贿物

A: Where are the letter you were meant to post?  
B: Oh, they are in my **briefcase**, but I left it at the office.  
**briefcase**  
n. 公文包,公事包

A: What was your childhood dream?  
B: To become a member of the fire **brigade**.  
**brigade**  
n. 1.旅(陆军编制单位); 2.队,组

A: The **brim** of your hat is covering your eyes.  
B: That is because I don’t want anyone to notice me.  
**brim**  
n. 1.帽檐；2.(容器的)边,边缘  
vi. 注满，充溢  
**brim** over (with) 充满，洋溢

A: I was on the **brink** of leaving my job, but decided to stay.  
B: What changed your mind?  
**brink**  
n. (悬崖，河流等的)边缘，边沿  
on the **brink** of 濒临，处于…边缘

A: Slow down, stop walking so fast!  
B: A **brisk** walk will be good for your health.  
**brisk**  
a. 1.轻快的，生气勃勃的; 2.兴隆的，繁忙活跃的; 3.寒冷而清新的

A: My paintbrush is too old to start the decorating.  
B: I have one with better **bristles** if you want to borrow it.  
**bristle**  
n. 短而硬的毛发，刷子毛  
vi. 1.被激怒，怒发冲冠; 2.毛发(因惊惧等)直立  
**bristle** with 密集，充满，被布满

A: Don’t lean on the glass, it is very **brittle**.  
B: Oops, sorry, it is too late.  
**brittle**  
a. 1.易碎的，易损坏的；2.脆弱的，靠不住的; 3.冷淡的，不友好的; 4.(声音)尖厉的

A: What place did you come in in the race?  
B: Third. I won a **bronze**.  
**bronze**  
n. 1.青铜；2.青铜色，古铜色; 3.青铜(艺术)制品，铜牌

A: This is a very complicated question, professor.  
B: **Brood** on it for a while and maybe you will find the solution.

A: Are the hens sitting with their **brood**?  
B: No, they seem to have neglected them.  
**brood**  
vi. 1.(on, over, about)沉思，考虑; 2.孵蛋  
n. 1.(雏鸡等)一窝; 2.(一个家庭)全体孩子

A: If you walk up the east side of the mountain you will find a small **brook** where you can fill your bottles with water.  
B: Great, I’m really thirsty, but is the water safe to drink?  
**brook**  
n. 小溪  
vt. \[常用于否定句或疑问句\]容忍，忍受

A: Where were you this afternoon?  
B: In the bookshop, just **browsing**.  
**browse**  
vi. 1.随意翻阅，浏览; 2. (牛，羊等)吃草

A: That is a nasty **bruise**.  
B: Yeah, I fell down the stairs last week and hit my head.

A: He **bruised** me with his nasty comments.  
B: Don’t listen to him then.  
**bruise**  
n. 1.青肿,挫伤; 2.(水果等的)伤痕，擦痕  
vt. 1.打青，使受淤伤; 2.挫伤，伤害(感情等)

A: That was a **brutal** crime.  
B: Yeah, there seems to be nothing but bad news these days.  
**brutal**  
a. 1.野兽般的，残忍的; 2.无情的，冷酷的，难以忍受的

A: How much is the fare?  
B: Just two **bucks**, it is only a short journey.

A: The horse **bucked** and kicked me in the face.  
B: Ouch! Why were you standing behind him?

A: **Buck** up, it is not the end of the world.  
B: Easier said then done.  
**buck**  
n. 1.(一)美元，(一)澳元; 2.雄鹿,雄兔  
vi. (马等)猛然弓背跃起  
**buck** up (使)振奋，(使)打起精神

A: I like your new shoes.  
B: Thanks, but the **buckles** are too stiff at the moment.

A: What happed to your bicycle?  
B: The wheel **buckled** when I hit a stone in the middle of the road.  
**buckle**  
v. 1.用搭扣扣紧； 2.(使)变形，弯曲  
n. 搭扣，扣环  
**buckle** down 倾全力,开始认真从事

A: I am looking forward to the spring when the flowers will come into **bud**.  
B: Me too, it has been a long winter.  
**bud**  
n. 叶芽,花蕾  
vi. 发芽，萌芽

A: Do you think that the **Buddhist** way of life is the best?  
B: I am not quite sure yet, I still need to think about it.  
**Buddhist**  
n. 佛教徒  
a. 佛教的

A: Have you ever seen a **buffalo**?  
B: No, but I would like to.  
**buffalo**  
n. 水牛，(北美)野牛

A: He used his pillow as a **buffer** against the noise.  
B: Why, did he have difficulty sleeping?

A: The mirror needs a polish.  
B: But I don’t have anything to **buffer** it with.  
**buffer**  
n. 1.起缓冲作用的人(或物); 2.缓冲器,减震器  
vt. 缓冲，减轻

A: Will there be any food at the party?  
B: I heard that the hosts are providing a **buffet**.  
**buffet**  
n. 1.(火车站的)饮食柜台，(火车内的)餐车  
vt. 反复敲打，连续猛击

A: There is a **bug** crawling over foot, watch out.  
B: You could have warned me soon, I hate insects in any shape or form.

A: Go away, you are **bugging** me.  
B: Please, I just have one more question.  
**bug**  
n. 1.虫子；2.小病,(机器等)故障,缺陷; 3.窃听器  
vt.1.烦扰，纠缠；2.在…装窃听器

A: I have **bulges** in all the wrong places.  
B: Stop worrying about your weight, I think you are beautiful.

A: Your bag is **bulging**, what have you got in it?  
B: Far too much, it is too heavy.  
**bulge**  
n. 膨胀，肿胀  
vi. 1.膨胀，凸出,鼓起;2.塞满，装满

A: Be careful, there is a **bull** in that field over there.  
B: Oh, I am not afraid of him.  
**bull**  
n. 1.公牛，雄兽; 2.买进证券(或商品等)投机图利者, (对股市行情)看涨的人

A: Did you receive the **bulletin** I sent you?  
B: No, but I did not check my post today.  
**bulletin**  
n. 1.(报纸,电台等)简明新闻，最新消息; 2.公告,布告，公报; 3.学报，期刊(尤指某机构的机关刊物)

A: Were you ever **bullied** in school?  
B: Just once, but the teacher found out and put a quick stop to it.  
**bully**  
n. 恃强欺弱者  
vt.威吓，欺负

A: I must buy Time this week, there will be a **bumper** issue.  
B: It must be larger on account of the new year.  
**bumper**  
n.(汽车上的)保险杠,缓冲器  
a.特大的，丰盛的

A: Why do you always wear your hair in a **bun**?  
B: Because I think it is very elegant.  
**bun**  
n. 1.圆形的小面包或点心; 2.(女子的)圆发髻

A: As a child I always wanted to sleep on the top **bunk**.  
B: Me too, but so did my brother so we always argued.

A: Hey, will you do a **bunk** today?  
B: No, I am afraid that the teacher will find out.  
**bunk**  
n.1.(车，船等依壁而设的)铺位; 2.空话，废话  
do a **bunk** 匆忙逃走

A: Typical **bureaucracy**, always too many forms to fill in.  
B: Be patient, you can not change the whole system straight away.  
**bureaucracy**  
n. 1.官僚主义,官僚作风; 2.政府机构，官僚

A: A **burglar** broke into our house last night and stole the TV.  
B: My goodness, did the police catch him?  
**burglar**  
n. 窃贼，破门盗窃者

A: John’s sudden death was tragic.  
B: I know, I would like to go to the **burial** to show my respect to his family.  
**burial**  
n. 葬,掩埋，葬礼

A: Did you spot where the rabbit just went?  
B: Yeah, into his **burrow** by the tree.  
**burrow**  
vt. 1.挖掘(洞穴); 2钻进  
vi. 1.挖洞;2.翻寻  
n. 地洞

A: He **bust** into the room and started shouting at me.  
B: Well, you should have locked the door.  
**bust**  
vt. 打破，打碎  
vi. 爆裂,坏掉  
n. 1.胸像，半身像; 2.胸部,胸围

A: I hate going into the city at the weekend.  
B: I agree, too much **bustle** and people.  
**bustle**  
vi. 闹哄哄地忙乱，奔忙  
n. 1.忙乱，喧扰; 2.裙撑，衬垫

A: Could you please put your cigarette **butt** into the ashtray rather than on the floor?  
B: Sorry, I did not realize it would bother you.  
**butt**  
n. 1.笑柄；2.烟蒂；3.枪托; 4.大酒桶,大水桶; 5.臀部  
v. 用头撞或顶  
**butt** in 插嘴，插手，干涉

A: There is a wonderful atmosphere at this party.  
B: Yes, there is a great **buzz**.

A: What is that annoying noise?  
B: My alarm clock **buzzing**. I forgot to switch it off.  
**buzz**  
vi. 1.发出嗡嗡声; 2.(around, about)忙乱，急行; 3.发出嘈杂的谈话声  
n. 1.嗡嗡声; 2.嘈杂的谈话声

A: The local government wants to build a **bypass** to direct traffic away from our town.  
B: That will be bad for business in the town. What do the locals think about it?  
**bypass**  
n. 1.(绕过市镇的)旁道,迂回道; 2.分流术,旁通管  
vt. 1.绕过，绕…走; 2.越过，置…于不顾

## H ##

A: I think we have an obligation to protect our natural **habitat**.  
B: I agree. That is why I promote recycling.  
**habitat**  
n.　（动物的）栖息地，住处

A: How did he get your personal details?  
B: He **hacked** into my computer and stole them.  
**hack**  
vt.　１．劈，砍；２．骑（马）缓行  
vi.　１．劈，砍；２．开出租车；３．骑马缓行  
n.　１．蹩脚文人，雇佣文人；２．出租车，出租车司机；３．劈，砍；４．骑用马，供出租的马  
**hack** into 私自存取或篡改（他人电脑资料）  
**hack** through　在．．．中开路

A: Is it snowing?  
B: No, I think it is **hail**.  
**hail**  
n.　１．雹；２．一阵  
vi.　下雹  
vt.　１．招呼，高呼；２．热情赞扬，为．．．喝彩  
**hail** from　来自，出生于

A: Would you like to have a **hamburge**r?  
B: No thanks. I’m a vegetarian.  
**hamburger**  
n.　１．汉堡包；２．牛肉糜

A: I won a **hamper** in the raffle.  
B: Well done. Can I have a share of your winnings!  
**hamper**  
vt.　妨碍，束缚，限制  
n.　（有盖的）大篮子

A: Do you know when our summer holidays are from university?  
B: I’m not sure of the dates, but if you look in the **handbook** they are printed on the second page.  
**handbook**  
n.　手册，便览

A: Your injury must have been a severe **handicap**.  
B: At the time it was, but now I have adapted.  
**handicap**  
n.　１．（身体或智力方面的）缺陷；２．障碍，不利条件  
vt.　妨碍，使不利

A: There was a case of **harassment** in my workplace.  
B: Sounds serious. What was the outcome?  
**harassment**  
n.　１．骚扰，扰乱；２烦恼，烦乱

A: Will I be able to leave these plants outdoors during the winter?  
B: Yes, they are **hardy** and will survive the cold weather.  
**hardy**  
a.　１．能吃苦耐劳的，坚强的；２．（植物等）耐寒的

A: Do you play any musical instruments?  
B: Yes, I play the **harp**.  
**harp**  
n.　竖琴  
vi. (on, upon)　唠叨，喋喋不休地说

A: That was a **hasty** retreat he made from the room.  
B: I don’t think that he wanted to be here.  
**hasty**  
a.　１．草率的，轻率的；２．急速的，匆忙的，仓促完成的

A: Have the chicks **hatched** yet?  
B: No, perhaps they will in a couple more days.  
**hatch**  
vt.　１．孵出，孵；２．筹划，图谋，策划  
vi.　(out)（小鸡等）出壳，孵出  
n.　１．（飞机等的）舱门；２．（门等的）开口；３．孵化

A: I had to **haul** the coal indoor every day during the winter when I was a child.  
B: Oh you poor thing, what a hard life!  
**haul**  
vt.　１．（用力）拖，拉；２．（用车等）托运，运送  
n.　１．拖，拉，拖运；２．一次获得（或偷得等）的数量

A: I heard that your house is **haunted**, how scary.  
B: I’m not afraid of ghosts.  
**haunt**  
vt.　１．（鬼魂等）长出没于；２．使苦恼，使担忧；３．（思想，回忆等）萦绕在心头，缠绕  
n.　常去的地方

A: The countryside offers me a welcome **haven** from city life.  
B: Yes, it is necessary to get some clean and fresh air every once and a while.  
**haven**  
n.　安全的地方，避难所，庇护所

A: There was **havoc** in the country when news of the war broke out.  
B: I am not surprised.  
**havoc**  
n.　大破坏，大毁坏  
play **havoc** with　毁坏，扰乱

A: That is a very large bird in the sky.  
B: I think it is a type of **hawk**.  
**hawk**  
n.　１．鹰；２．（主战或主张强硬路线的）＂鹰派＂人物  
vt.　叫卖，兜售

A: Did you enjoy your drive?  
B: Not really. There was **haze** and I could not see much out of the window.  
**haze**  
n.　１．烟雾；２．懵懂，迷糊  
vi. (over)　变模糊，变朦胧

A: Let’s sit around the **hearth** tonight and tell stories.  
B: Great idea, I’ll light the fire.  
**hearth**  
n.　炉床，壁炉边

A: I just bought 100 **hectares** of land.  
B: That is a lot of land. What are you going to do with it?  
**hectare**  
n.　公顷

A: The policewoman’s talk **heightened** my awareness of the dangers in the city.  
B: Yes, she gave an informed speech.  
**heighten**  
v.　（使）提高，加强

A: I am the sole **heir** to my father’s wealth.  
B: Lucky you. It is shame that your father is not very wealthy!  
**heir**  
n.　继承人

A: Why are you wearing that **helmet**?  
B: I am pretending to be a firefighter!  
**helmet**  
n.　头盔

A: Excuse me, but the **hem** on your skirt is showing.  
B: Oh, thanks. I meant to sew it up this morning.  
**hem**  
n.　贴边，镶边  
vt.　１．给．．．缝贴边；２．（in）包围，限制，约束

A: Have you been to the Southern **Hemisphere**?  
B: No, I have never even traveled outside of Europe.  
**hemisphere**  
n.　１．地球的半球；２．大脑半球

A: **Henceforth**, I promise to work much harder.  
B: You promise that every year!  
**henceforth**  
ad.　从今以后，从此以后

A: The trumpet blast **heralded** the news of the king’s arrival.  
B: And did the crowds gather after hearing it?  
**herald**  
vt.　１．预示．．．的来临（或发生）；２．宣布，欢呼  
n.　１．传令官，信使；２．预兆，先兆

A: This meal is very tasty.  
B: Oh, that must be the **herbs** that I put into it.  
**herb**  
n.　药草，（调味用的）香草，草本植物

A: Do you agree that the position of the King should be **hereditary**?  
B: Well, I am not really a supporter of the monarchy, so no.  
**hereditary**  
a.　１．遗传的，遗传性的；２．可继承的，世袭的

A: The castle is an important site of our national **heritage**.  
B: Then why is it in ruin?  
**heritage**  
n.　遗产，继承物，传统

A: I have not seen you for days.  
B: I decided to become a **hermit**!  
**hermit**  
n.　隐士，遁世者

A: The **heroine** of this play I think has the strongest role.  
B: And the actress did a wonderful job performing it.  
**heroine**  
n.　１．女主角；２．女英雄

A: My new hairstyle is **hideous**.  
B: No, it is not, it is just a bit different, that’s all.  
**hideous**  
a.　极其丑陋的，难看的

A: I dislike the **hierarchy** in my workplace.  
B: Yes, I agree. It is competitive and unfair.  
**hierarchy**  
n.　１．等级制度；２．统治集团，领导层

A: Did you hear that the place was **hijacked** by terrorists?  
B: Gosh, was anyone injured?  
**hijack**  
v. / n.　劫持（尤指动机）

A: I’m going for a two-day **hike** over the weekend.  
B: I’d love to join you if the weather is good.  
**hike**  
n.　１．徒步旅行；２．（数量，价格等）增加，上升  
vi.　徒步旅行  
vt.　提高（价格等）

A: May I help you in the kitchen, Dad?  
B: No, you’ll **hinder** me, and I’ll be quicker by myself.  
**hinder**  
vt.　阻碍，妨碍

A: The door **hinges** are making a lot of noise.  
B: Oh, could you oil them for me please?  
**hinge**  
n.　铰链  
**hinge** on/ upon　依．．．而定，以．．．为转移

A: What is that noise in the grass?  
B: I think it is a snake **hissing**, be careful.  
**hiss**  
vi.　１．发出嘶嘶声；２．发嘘声表示不满  
vt.　（因不满）对．．．发嘘声

A: I want to be a famous **historian** when I grow up.  
B: What aspect of history do you want to focus on?  
**historian**  
n.　历史学家，史学工作者  
　  
A: May I **hitch** a ride?  
B: Sure, hop in, where do you want to go?  
**hitch**  
vt.　１．免费搭（车旅行）；２．（用绳，钩等）系住，栓住，钩住；３．(up)　急速提起（或拉起）  
vi.　免费搭车旅行  
n.　１．故障，障碍；２．急提，急拉

A: I just discovered a piece of information **hitherto** unknown.  
B: Excellent, I hope it will help us solve the case.  
**hitherto**  
ad.　到目前为止，迄今

A: I think there is going to be a food shortage.  
B: Don’t worry, I have a **hoard** in a secret location.  
**hoard**  
n.　贮藏，聚藏（物）  
v. (up)　贮藏，囤积

A: I’m **hoarse**, I can’t speak.  
B: How did you lose your voice?  
**hoarse**  
a.　（声音）嘶哑的，粗哑的

A: I’m going to play a game of **hockey** this afternoon, want to join in?  
B: I won’t play, but I’ll watch.  
**hockey**  
n.　１．曲棍球；２．冰上曲棍球，冰球

A: Have you seen the **hoe**?  
B: Not since the last time you were gardening.  
**hoe**  
n.　锄  
v.　用锄整（地），用锄除草

A: They **hoisted** a flag in honour of our victory.  
B: Indeed what an honour, but you deserved it.  
**hoist**  
vt.　举起，升起，吊起  
n.　１．起重器械；２．举起，升起，吊起

A: Stop! What is that under your coat?  
B: My gun and its **holder**.  
**holder**  
n.　１．持有者，占有者；２．支托物，夹具

A: I’ve come to pay **homage** to you.  
B: Why, I did nothing special.  
**homage**  
n.　尊敬，敬意，崇敬

A: There are not very many nationalities represented in my country.  
B: Yes, I agree, it is far too **homogeneous**.  
**homogeneous**  
a.　同种类的，同性质的，有相同特征的

A: Put up your **hood** , it is raining.  
B: I don’t have one , but I do have a umbrella.  
**hood**  
n.　１．风帽，兜帽；２．罩，排风罩；３．车盖，（折叠式）车篷

A: There are **hoof** prints in the garden!  
B: Oh, I went horse riding in the morning.  
**hoof**  
n.　（马，牛等的）蹄

A: Shall we take a taxi?  
B: No, let’s just **hop** on a bus, it is only a short journey.  
**hop**  
vi.　１．（人）单足跳跃，单足跳行；２．（鸟，昆虫等）齐足跳跃，齐足跳行  
vt.　跳上（汽车，火车，飞机等）  
n.　１．蹦跳；２．（飞机的）短程航行

A: I was **horrified** by the tragic events.  
B: Me too, they were shocking.  
**horrify**  
vt.　使震惊，使毛骨悚然

A: There has been an increase in **hostility** between the two fighting nations.  
B: Yes, and I am afraid that it will soon get more serious.  
**hostility**  
n.　１．敌对，敌意，对抗；２．抵制，反对；３．［pl.］交战，战争

A: What type of dog is that ?  
B: It is a **hound** .  
**hound**  
n.　猎犬  
vt.　追逼，烦扰，纠缠

A: The airplane **hovered** above the airport for ten minutes.  
B: It must have been waiting for space to land on the runway.  
**hover**  
vi.　１．（鸟等）翱翔，盘旋；２．逗留在近旁，徘徊；３．彷徨，犹豫

A: I heard a lot of **howling** last night.  
B: Sorry, my dog wanted to come indoors.  
**howl**  
vi. / n.　１．（狼，狗等）嗥叫，（风等）呼啸；２．（因愤怒，痛苦等）吼叫，哀号

A: Ah, look at those chicks all **huddling** together.  
B: Aren’t they sweet?  
**huddle**  
vi.　１．聚集在一起，挤作一团；２．把身子蜷成一团，蜷缩  
vt.　使聚集在一起  
n.　挤在一起的人，一堆杂乱的东西

A: The **hue** from the lights was golden.  
B: Yes, they created a wonderful atmosphere in the room.  
**hue**  
n.　色彩，色调  
**hue** and cry　１．大声抗议，呐喊；２．捉拿声

A: He hugged the teddy bear for a feeling of security.  
B: Why didn’t he **hug** you?  
**hug**  
vt.　１．（热烈地）拥抱；２．紧抱，怀抱  
vi.　紧抱在一起，互相拥抱  
n.　紧抱，热烈拥抱

A: Can you **hum** along to this tune?  
B: I would if I knew it, but I am afraid that I don’t .  
**hum**  
vi.　１．哼曲子；２．发嗡嗡声；３．(with)忙碌，活跃  
vt.　哼（曲子）  
n.　嗡嗡声，营营声，嘈杂声

A: What do you think is more beneficial to **humanity**, socks or shoes?  
B: What type of a silly question is that!  
**humanity**  
n.　１．人类，［总称］人；２．人性；３．人道，博爱，仁慈；４．［pl.］人文学科

A: The **humidity** reached almost ninety five percent.  
B: That is almost unbearable, you must have found it difficult.  
**humidity**  
n.　湿度，潮湿，湿气

A: You **humiliated** me in front of my friends.  
B: Sorry, please forgive me, I didn’t intend it.  
**humiliate**  
vt.　使蒙羞，羞辱，使丢脸

A: Did you run in the race?  
B: Yes, but I knocked down three **hurdles** and so came in last.  
**hurdle**  
n.　１．跳栏，栏架；２．障碍，困难  
vi.　进行跨栏赛

A: Please do not **hurl** the rubbish across the room, children.  
B: Sorry Miss, we won’t do it again.  
**hurl**  
vt.　１．猛投，力掷；２．大声叫骂

A: The winds were so strong that I thought it was a **hurricane**.  
B: Was there any damage done?  
**hurricane**  
n.　飓风

A: I **hushed** the children up.  
B: Good, they were making too much noise.  
**hush**  
v.　（使）安静下来  
n.　安静，寂静  
**bush** up　防止．．．张扬出去，掩盖

A: Do you like going into the city on the train?  
B: No, there is too much noise and **hustle**.  
**hustle**  
vt.　１．推搡，猛推；２．竭力兜售或获取  
vi.　１．竭力兜售或获取；２．催促，催赶  
n.　忙碌，奔忙

A: Universities are how **hybrids** of the academic and the business worlds.  
B: I agree, and unfortunately the students often get neglected.  
**hybrid**  
n.　１．杂交生成的生物体，杂交植物（或动物）；２．混合物，合成物

A: His **hygiene** standards are terrible.  
B: Yeah, I don’t think that he has the chance to wash very often.  
**hygiene**  
n.　卫生，保健学

A: We will sing the **hymn** on page 100 of your books today.  
B: Oh, but we sang that one last week.  
**hymn**  
n.　赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌

A: My surname is Bailey Smith.  
B: Is there **hyphen** between Bailey and Smith?  
**hyphen**  
n.　连字符，连（字）号

A: His speech was utter **hypocrisy**.  
B: I agree, it was very unreasonable.  
**hypocrisy**  
n.　伪善，虚伪

A: Before we do the experiment, we have to form an **hypothesis**.  
B: Do you have any suggestions?  
**hypothesis**  
n.　假说，假设，前提

A: The comedy show was **hysterical**.  
B: Oh, but I did not find it to be particularly funny.  
**hysterical**  
a.　情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里般的

## I ##

A: I need to see some **identification** before I can let you in.  
B: But I’m not carrying any.  
**identification**  
n.　１．身份证明；２．鉴定，验明，认出；３．认同

A: My **ideologies** and ideas about life have changed over the years.  
B: That is natural, it is called growing up!  
**ideology**  
n.　思想（体系），思想意识

A: I’m up the creek without a paddle.  
B: Stop talking in **idiom**!  
**idiom**  
n.　１．习语，成语；２．（在艺术等方面所表现的）风格，特色

A: I lost your wallet, I’m sorry.  
B: You **idiot**, you are always misplacing things.  
**idiot**  
n.　白痴，傻子，笨蛋

A: Madonna is my **idol**.  
B: And you are mine!  
**idol**  
n.　１．偶像，受崇拜的人或物；２．神像

A: The fire was **ignited** by an accident.  
B: Are you sure that it was not arson?  
**ignite**  
vt.　点燃，引发  
vi.　着火

A: The new lights **illuminate** the room well.  
B: Yes, I had them specially designed.  
**illuminate**  
vt.　１．照明，照亮；２．阐明，启发

A: Is that you Helen or are you an **illusion**?  
B: Yes, it really is me and I haven’t seen you for years!  
**illusion**  
n.　１．幻想，错误的观念；２．错觉，幻觉，假象

A: Your essay was very **imaginative** but lacking detail>  
B: But you did say, Sir, that you wanted us to be creative.  
**imaginative**  
a.　富有想象力的，爱想象的

A: Is that the real painting or just an **imitation**?  
B: No, it is just a copy.  
**imitation**  
n.　１．模仿；２．仿制，仿制品；３．赝品

A: You are always **immersed** in a book.  
B: I love reading, I can’t help it.  
**immerse**  
vt.　１．使沉浸；２．(in)使沉浸在，使专心于

A: My departure will be **imminent**.  
B: Then why are you still standing here!  
**imminent**  
a.　即将发生的，临近的，逼近的

A: My grandfather is so old that he thinks that he in **immortal.**  
B: Well, maybe he is!  
**immortal**  
a.　１．长生的，不死的；２．不朽的，流芳百世的  
n.　１．神仙；２．不朽人物

A: Try not to get ill.  
B: Don’t worry, I am **immune** to disease!  
**immune**  
a.　１，免疫的，有免疫力的；２．(to)不受影响的；３．(from)免除的，豁免的

A: Your sight will be **impaired** if you sit that close to the TV.  
B: I think it is too late, why do you think I have to sit this close!  
**impair**  
vt.　损害，损伤，削弱

A: As a teacher it is my job to **impart** knowledge.  
B: You have a very responsible job.  
**impart**  
vt.　１．告知，透露；２．赋予，给予

A: Now, it is **imperative** that you listen to my instructions.  
B: What will happen if we don’t!  
**imperative**  
a.　１．必要的，紧急的，极重要的；２．命令的  
n.　１．必要的事，必须完成的事；２．祈使语气（的动词）

A: The **imperial** ship set sail for India in 1843.  
B: What was the aim of the voyage?  
**imperial**  
a.　１．帝国的，帝王的；２．专横的，傲慢的；３．（度量衡）英制的

A: I am going to Canada tomorrow. I decided today.  
B: That was an **impetus** decision.  
**impetus**  
n.　１．推动，促进，刺激；２．推动力

A: Do you think I will be able to do the job?  
B: Absolutely, you have my **implicit** confidence.  
**implicit**  
a.　１．不言明的，含蓄的；２．(in)内含的，固有的；３．无疑问的，无保留的

A: I bought my car on **impulse.**  
B: And do you regret it now?  
**impulse**  
n. １．冲动，一时的念头；２．推动，驱使；３．脉冲  
on **impulse　**一时冲动，一时心血来潮

A: The priest will be **inaugurated** on Saturday.  
B: Is that meant to be a sad or happy occasion?  
**inaugurate**  
vt.　１．开始，开展；２．为．．．举行就职典礼，使正式就任；３．为．．．举行开幕式，为．．．举行落成仪式

A: What is the strong smell in the room?  
B: Oh, I am burning some **incense**.  
**incense**  
n.　香，焚香时的烟（或香气）  
vt.　激怒，使愤怒

A: I will give you a bonus as an **incentive** to do more work.  
B: But I don’t have time to do more work.  
**incentive**  
n.　刺激，鼓励

A: Stop with your **incessant** moaning.  
B: But you won’t listen to me otherwise.  
**incessant**  
a.　不停的，连续不断的

A: The **incident** tool place at 8 pm on Saturday.  
B: We will need to look for witnesses to the crime.  
**incident**  
n.　突然事件

A: **Incidentally**, are you free on Friday?  
B: I’m afraid not, why , what did you have planned?  
**incidentally**  
ad.　顺便说及地，顺便提一句

A: The President was trying to **incite** the masses into action.  
B: Do you think that the population will respond?  
**incite**  
vt.　煽动，鼓动

A: I would like to have Monday to Friday off **inclusively**.  
B: Do you mean each week?  
**inclusive**  
a.　１．包括一切的，包括一切费用在内的；２．所有数目（或首末日期）包括在内的

A: If we **incorporate** your ideas with mine, I think we will have a splendid plan.  
B: Sounds good to me.  
**incorporate**  
vt.　１．包含，加上，吸收；２．把．．．合并，使并入

A: It is **incumbent** upon you to follow my orders.  
B: Why, what gives you the authority to say such?  
**incumbent**  
a.　１．成为责任的，有义务的；２．现任的，在职的  
n.　现任者，在职者

A: I need you to go on a business trip. Naturally we will reimburse you for all expenses that you **incur**.  
B: Sure, when and where would you like me to go?  
**incur**  
vt.　招致，遭受，引起

A: I will be eternally **indebted** to my parents for giving me an education.  
B: Yes, you are lucky, they have been very supportive.  
**indebted**  
a.　感激的，受惠的，蒙恩的

A: When will you return?  
B: I’m not sure, I’m going away for an **indefinite** length of time.  
**indefinite**  
a.　１．无限期的；２．不明确的，含糊的

A: Is your accent **indicative** of your region?  
B: Yes, I think that I speak in a fairly typical way.  
**indicative**  
a.　１．(of)　标示的，指示的，象征的；２．陈述的，直陈的  
n.　陈述语气

A: Paul tends to **indict** everyone that disagrees with him.  
B: I disagree!  
**indict**  
vt.　控告，起诉，告发

A: The unjust situation filled me with **indignation**.  
B: I would not have been pleased either.  
**indignation**  
n.　愤怒，愤慨，义愤

A: I am having difficulty sleeping at night.  
B: I hear that warm milk helps to **induce** sleep.  
**induce**  
vt.　１．引诱，劝；２．引起，导致

A: I have eaten so much.  
B: But it is your birthday, you are allowed to **indulge** once a year!  
**indulge**  
vt.　１．使（自己）沉溺于，满足（自己的欲望等）；２．纵容，迁就  
vi. (in)　沉溺，纵容自己，肆意从事

A: There was a feeling of **inertia** and inactivity when I entered the room.  
B: That is because every one was sleeping!  
**inertia**  
vt.　１．不活动，惰性；２．惯性

A: Johannesburg in South Africa has an **infamous** reputation.  
B: Yes, I have heard that there is very high crime rate.  
**infamous**  
a.　１．声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的；２．邪恶的，无耻的

A: The **infantry** fired several shots into the air.  
B: I hope it was just as a warning to the enemy.  
**infantry**  
n.　［总称］步兵（部队）

A: Doctor, I have a terrible cough.  
B: I’m afraid that you have a serious chest **infection**.  
**infection**  
n.　１．传染病；２．传染，传播，感染

A: Is my disease **infectious**, Doctor?  
B: No, you can not pass it on to others, but you still need to be careful.  
**infectious**  
a.　１．传染的，有传染性的；２．有感染力的

A: Can you help me **inflate** this balloon?  
B: I’m not sure if I have enough air in my lungs for that!  
**inflate**  
vt.　１．使充气，使膨胀；２．使得意，使骄傲；３．抬高（物价），使（通货）膨胀

A: Why are you a vegetarian?  
B: I don’t want to **inflict** harm on animals.  
**inflict**  
vt. (on, upon)　把．．．强加给，使遭受，使承担

A: How can your camera take picture in the dark?  
B: It has an **infrared** light to help it focus.  
**infrared**  
a.　红外线的

A: The roads and railways in my country are terrible.  
B: Yes, the government needs to develop the **infrastructure**.  
**infrastructure**  
n.　基础结构，基础设施

A: I think I will take the day off work>  
B: What an **ingenious** idea!  
**ingenious**  
a.　１．（物件等）设计独特的，（方法等）别致的，巧妙的；２．（人，头脑）灵巧的，关于创造发明的

A: Di VInchi was a painter and designer of great **ingenuity**.  
B: Yes, he was certainly very talented.  
**ingenuity**  
n.　独创性，巧妙

A: I would love to **inhabit** a small tropical island.  
B: Alone? Would you not get lonely?  
**inhabit**  
vt.　居住于，（动物）栖居于

A: Please **inhale** the sweet fragrance from the flowers.  
B: Sorry, my nose is blocked.  
**inhale**  
v.　吸入（气体等），吸（烟）

A: There are certain facts **inherent** in the situation that I am unable to understand.  
B: Perhaps you need to spend some more time thinking about it then.  
**inherent**  
a. (in)　内在的，固有的，生来就有的

A: I was **inhibited** form entering the building.  
B: Why were there barriers in your way?  
**inhibit**  
vt.　阻止，妨碍，抑制

A: I’d like to **initiate** a new project.  
B: Sounds exciting, what are your plans?  
**initiate**  
vt.　１．开始，创始，发起；２．使初步了解；３．接纳（新成员），让．．．加入  
n.　新加入组织的人

A: I had to have the medicine **injected** directly into my veins.  
B: Ouch! That sounds painful!  
**inject**  
vt.　１．注射（药液等），给．．．注射； ２．注入，引入，投入

A: Do you live by the coast?  
B: No, I live **inland**, about five hours from the sea.  
**inland**  
a.　内地的，内陆的  
ad.　 在内地（或内陆），向内地（或内陆）

A: let’s go for a picnic.  
B: Good idea, I know a small **inlet** where we spend the afternoon.  
**inlet**  
n.　１．水湾，小湾；２．进口，入口

A: The prison **inmates** were protesting because of their living conditions.  
B: Yes, the prisoners have a hard time.  
**inmate**  
n.　（狱中的）囚徒，（精神病院等中的）被收容者

A: You are such a good pianist, it must be **innate**.  
B: No, the prisoners have a hard time.  
**innate**  
n.　天生的，固有的，天赋的

A: I’m going to an exhibition of modern innovations this afternoon.  
B: Oh, can I come? I’m fascinated by new **inventions**.  
**innovation**  
n.　１．新方法，新事物；２．革新，创新

A: There are **innumerable** reasons why I can’t marry you.  
B: Surely there can not be that many .  
**innumerable**  
a.　无数的，数不清的

A: I would love to sail around the world alone.  
B: You must be **insane**.  
**insane**  
a.　１．蠢极的，荒唐的；２．（患）精神病的，精神失常的，疯狂的

A: Can you read the **inscription** in the book to me?  
B: Sorry, I don’t have my glasses and the lettering it too small.  
**inscription**  
n.　铭文，碑文，题字

A: You are looking tired.  
B: Yes, I am suffering from **insomnia**.  
**insomnia**  
n.　失眠（症）

A: You are an **inspiration** to me.  
B: You are quite amazing also!  
**inspiration**  
n.　１．灵感；２．鼓舞人心的人（或事物）

A: Did you buy your car with cash?  
B: No, I arranged that I will pay in monthly **installments**.  
**installment**  
n.　１．分期付款，分期交付；２．（分期连载的）部分

A: That medicine worked great.  
B: Yes, it had **instantaneous** results.  
**instantaneous**  
a.　瞬间的，即刻的

A: What are the words to that song you were humming?  
B: Oh, it was just an **instrumental** piece.  
**instrumental**  
a.　１．(in)起作用的，有帮助的；２．用乐器演奏的

A: My house is freezing in the winter.  
B: Perhaps you need to **insulate** it better.  
**insulate**  
vt.　１．使绝缘，使隔热，使隔音；２．隔离，使隔绝（以免受到影响）

A: Did the parcel arrive **intact**?  
B: Yes, there was no damage to it at all.  
**intact　**  
a.　完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的

A: What is the annual **intake** of students into your school each year?  
B: Oh, about 100 pupils join each year.  
**intake**  
n.　１．吸入，纳入；２．进气口，入口

A: You played an **integral** part in the project, thanks for your help.  
B: You are welcome, but I do not think that my assistance was that important.  
**integral**  
a.　构成整体所必需的，基本的

A: I admire your **integrity.**  
B: Thanks, I think it is essential to stick to your principles.  
**integrity**  
n.　１．正直，诚实，诚恳；２．完整，完全，完善

A: My **intellect** is the most important aspect of my mind.  
A: And you certainly use your well.  
**intellect**  
n.　１．智力，理解力；２．才智非凡的人

A: Mark always holds **intelligible** conversation.  
B: Yes, he is very smart.  
**intelligible**  
a.　可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的

A: We could **intensify** the light in the room by painting the walls white.  
B: Or we could just add more lights.  
**intensify**  
v.　（使）增强，（使）加剧

A: I did not commit the crime with **intent**.  
B: But that will be impossible to prove in court.  
**intent**  
n.　意图，意向，目的  
a.　１．(on)专心的，转注的；２．(on)急切的  
to all **intents** (and purposes)　几乎在一切方面，实际上

A: I need to i**nteract** with some new people.  
B: Good , but how are you going to meet them?  
**interact**  
vi.　相互作用，相互影响

A: I think our post has been **intercepted**.  
B: Why, were the letters open when they arrived?  
**intercept**  
vt.　拦截，截住，截击

A: The conference facilitated **intercourse** with many groups of people.  
B: I hope that you had some interesting and productive conversations.  
**intercourse**  
n.　１．性交；２．交流，交往，交际

A: What do you study in college?  
B: The **interface** between humans and computers  
**interface**  
n.　１．接口；２．界面，交接处  
v.　互相作用（或影响，联系），互相配合工作

A: We have to submit an **interim** report by the end of the month.  
B: And when will the official one have to be completed?  
**interim**  
a.　暂时的，临时的  
n.　间歇，过度期间  
in the **interim　**在其间

A: May I offer an **interjection** into the argument?  
B: No, the debate must continue without disruption.  
**interjection**  
n.　１．感叹词；２．（突然的）插入

A: How was the weather on your holiday?  
B: Apart form the **intermittent** rain, it was fine.  
**intermittent**  
a.　间歇的，断断续续的

A: Turn left at the next **intersection**.  
B: I thought we have to turn right.  
**intersection**  
n.　１．横断，交叉；２．道路交叉口，交点

A: My parents are always arguing.  
B: Is there anything you can do to **intervene**?  
**intervene**  
vi.　１干涉，干预；２．干扰，阻挠

A: I am planning an **intervention** into the affairs of my neighbours.  
B: Why are you so interested in what they are doing ?  
**intervention**  
n.　介入，干涉，干预

A: Jane is always so outspoken.  
B: But don’t be **intimidated** by her.  
**intimidate**  
vt.　恐吓，威胁

A: He was completely **intoxicated** after coming home from the pub last night.  
B: Yes, I knew he had a lot to drink.  
**intoxicate**  
vt.　１．使喝醉；２．使陶醉，使欣喜若狂

A: The details in the painting are exceptionally **intricate**.  
B: Yes, it must have taken a long time to complete.  
**intricate**  
a.　错综复杂的，复杂精细的

A: Did you enjoy the novel I lent you?  
B: It was excellent, the plot was full of **intrigue** and mystery.  
**intrigue**  
vt.　激起．．．的好奇心（或兴趣），迷住  
vi.　耍阴谋，施诡计  
n.　阴谋，诡计，密谋

A: I found a piece of evidence that is **intrinsic** to our case.  
B: Gosh, why did we not realize it sooner?  
**intrinsic**  
a.　固有的，本质的，内在的

A: I don’t mean to **intrude**, but can I join your conversation?  
B: Don’t worry, you are not interrupting anything private.  
**intrude**  
vi.　侵入，侵扰，打扰

A: My **intuition** told me that he is bad news.  
B: Yes, I never trusted him either.  
**intuition**  
n.　直觉

A: I am afraid this is the only piece of identification that I have.  
B: But it is out of date which makes it **invalid**.  
**invalid**  
a.　１．（指法律上）无效的，作废的；２．无可靠根据的，站不住脚的  
n.　（需要有人照顾的）病弱者，残疾者

A: Your help was **invaluable** to me, thanks.  
B: Don’t mention it, it was my pleasure.  
**invaluable**  
a.　非常宝贵的，极为贵重的，无价的

A: **Invariably** the car broke down on the way to my exam.  
B: Typical! What did you do?  
**invariably**  
ad.　不变地，始终如一地，总是

A: I would like to have an **inventory** of all the furniture in the house before I move in.  
B: Certainly, that can be arranged.  
**inventory**  
n.　详细目录，存货清单  
make **inventory**　清查存货，存货盘存；调查；评价

A: I can’t get the lid off this jar, Mum.  
B: Try **inverting** it and then bang the jar on the floor.  
**invert**  
vt.　使倒转，使倒置，使颠倒

A: **Ironically**, I missed the plane even though I was at the airport two hours in advance.  
B: I call that unlucky!  
**ironically**  
ad.　１．具有讽刺意味地；２．嘲讽地，挖苦地

A: Do you think Jack is a good comedian?  
B: No, he relies too heavily on **irony**.  
**irony**  
n.　１．反语，冷嘲；２．具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄

A: **Irrespective** of the weather, I think we should still go sailing.  
B: But what if there is a thunder storm?  
**irrespective**  
a. (of)　不考虑的，不顾及的

A: Despite the dry weather, I am amazed at how many crops the farmers are growing.  
B: That is because they have developed an extensive and efficient **irrigation** system.  
**irrigation**  
n.　灌溉

A: My little sister always **irritates** me.  
B: Mine is also very annoying.  
**irritate**  
vt.　１．使恼怒，使烦躁；２．使（身体某部分）不适，使疼痛

A: Is Iran a Christian country?  
B: No, it is **Islamic**.  
**Islamic**  
a.　伊斯兰教的，伊斯兰教信徒的

A: The **isle** where we camped was just one hour by boat off shore.  
B: Were there any inhabitants on it?  
**isle**  
n.　小岛，岛

A: I’m **itching** to travel.  
B: Perhaps you can go away following your studies.  
**itch**  
vi.　１．痒，发痒；２．渴望，热望  
vt.　使发痒  
　  
A: Your necklace is very unusual.  
B: That’s because it is made out of **ivory**.  
**ivory**  
n.　１．象牙；２．象牙色，乳白色

A: I need to cut back the **ivy** from my windows.  
B: Yes, it tends to grow at a rapid rate.  
**ivy**  
n.　常春藤

## J ##

A: I need to change the wheel of my car, I have a flat.  
B: I’ll help, do you have a **jack** ?  
**jack**  
n. 千斤顶  
vt. 1.用千斤顶顶起；2。停止，放弃；3。提高，增加

A: What type of stone is your ring?  
B: It is **jade** , quite rare.  
**jade**  
n. 1。玉，翡翠；2。浅绿（色）

A: Did you understand the article I gave you?  
B: No, there was too much **jargon** and terms that I had not seen before.  
**jargon**  
n. 术语，行话

A: I’m going to rent a **jeep** for the weekend and drive to the mountains.  
B: Great idea, can I come?  
**jeep**  
n. 吉普车

A: No, I’m not going to cheat on the exam.  
B: Good, there is no point in **jeopardising** your degree.  
**jeopardise**  
vt. 危机，损害

A: You nearly hit Andrew on the head.  
B: Good thing that he **jerked** just in time to miss it.  
**jerk**  
vt. 使猝然一动，猛拉  
vi. 猝然一动  
n. 急推，急拉，急扭

A: What would you like for your birthday?  
B: Some new **jewellery** would be nice, maybe a necklace.  
**jewellery**  
n. 珠宝，首饰

A: You’re so small you would make an excellent **jockey** .  
B: Oh, I don’t like horse riding.  
**jockey**  
n. 1。骑师；2。\[美俚\]驾驶员，（机器等的）操作手  
vi. (for) 谋取  
vt. 劝说，诱使

A: I go for a short **jog** around the lake every night.  
B: You must be very fit.  
**jog**  
v. / n. 1。慢跑；2。（尤指不正当地）轻轻碰撞  
**jog** sb.’s memory 唤起某人的记忆

A: Mr. Smith has a **jolly** sense of humour,  
B: Yes, I have always found him to be very pleasant.  
**jolly**  
a. 快乐的，高兴的，愉快的  
ad. 很，非常  
vt. 劝服，哄

A: Was the car damaged in the accident?  
B: No, it just got a slight **jolt** . There was no damage done.  
**jolt**  
vt. 1。使颠簸，使摇晃；2。使震惊  
vi. 颠簸，摇晃  
n. 1。震动，摇动，颠簸；2。震惊

A: The **judicial** proceedings will take place after all the evidence has been collected.  
B: How long do you think that will take?  
**judicial**  
a. 1。司法的，法庭的，审判的；2。明断的，公正的

A: Shall I pour the milk into a **jug** ?  
B: Yes, if you can find a clean one!  
**jug**  
n. 1。大罐，壶；2。一大罐（壶）的容量

A: I’m trying to **juggle** two jobs at once.  
B: That must be difficult, how do you manage?  
**juggle**  
v. 1。（用球等）玩杂耍；2。尽力应付，力图平衡；3。篡改（数字等）以图掩盖

A: There is a **jumbo** edition of the magazine out this week.  
B: Are you sure you will have time to read it?  
**jumbo**  
a. 特大的，巨型的  
n. 大型喷气式飞机

A: The traffic lights on the main **junction** are out this week.  
B: Are you sure you will have time to read it ?  
**junction**  
n. 联结点，（道路等的）会合点，枢纽

A: What are you doing in your room?  
B: I’m trying to clear it of all the **junk** I have collected over the years.  
**junk**  
n. 废旧物品，破烂  
vt. 丢弃，废弃

A: What are you doing in this part of town?  
B: Sir, it is my new **jurisdiction** .  
**jurisdiction**  
n. 1。司法权，审判权，裁判权；2。权力，管辖权； 3。权限，管辖范围

A: Sorry, Sir, my dog ate my homework.  
B: That is not adequate **justification** for being late again.  
**justification**  
n. 正当的理由，借口

A: John was taken to the **juvenile** court for the hearing.  
B: Oh, that is right he is only 14 and too young to be on trial in the central court.  
**juvenile**  
a. 1。少年的，少年特有的；2。幼稚的，不成熟的  
n. 未成年人，少年

## K ##

A: I dreamt I was **kidnapped** by a gang of thieves.  
B: You were not dreaming!  
**kidnap**  
vt. 绑架，诱拐

A: Doctor, I have a severe pain in my lower back.  
B: It may be your **kidneys** , let me check.  
**kidney**  
n. 肾，肾脏

A: Who is your next of **kin** ?  
B: My father.  
**kin**   
n. \[总称\]亲属，家属

A: I’ve hurt myself, do you have a bandage?  
B: Yeah, there is one in the first aid **kit.**   
**kit**  
n. 1。成套的工具，（适应特定需要的）成套用品  
vt.(out) 装备

A: I just bought a new **kitten** , she is very cute.  
B: She may be now, but she will soon grow up!  
**kitten**   
n. 小猫

A: You are my **knight** in shining armor.  
B: Well, that makes you my princess.  
**knight**  
n. 1。（中世纪）骑士；2。爵士；3。（国际象棋中）马  
vt. 封……为爵士

A: Did you make this blanket?  
B: Yes, it took three weeks to **knit** .  
**knit**  
vt. 1。编结，编织；2。使紧密地结合，使紧凑；3。皱紧，皱（眉）  
vi. 1。编织，编结；2。（骨折）愈合

A: The potatoes are best with a **knob** of butter.  
B: Oh, but I don’t like potatoes or butter.  
**knob**  
n. 1。（门、抽屉的）球形把手，球形柄；2。（收音机等的）旋扭；3。小块

A: What happened to your **knuckles** ? They are bleeding.  
B: Oh, I cycled in a wall and grazed them.  
**knuckle**  
n. 指节  
vi. 1. (down) 开始努力工作；2.(under)屈服

**Ｌ　**

A: Be careful, your **laces** are undone.  
B: Oh, I never learned how to tie them properly.  
**lace**  
n.　１．网眼花边，透空织品，花边；２．鞋带，系带  
vt. (up)　用系带束紧

A: Sorry I’m late, my alarm did not go off on time.  
B: That is a **lame** excuse, don’t let it happen again.  
**lame**  
a.　１．跛的，瘸的；２．站不住脚的，差劲的，蹩脚的

A: I am **lamenting** the loss of my dear friend.  
B: Goodness, what happened to him?  
**lament**   
vt.　１．哀悼，痛惜；２．抱怨，为．．．而遗憾  
vi.　哀悼，悲痛  
n.　挽歌，悼词

A: I am going to the lake to float some **lanterns** .  
B: It would be best to wait until it is dark.  
**lantern**  
n.　灯笼，提灯

A: I saw my father again after a **lapse** of twenty years.  
B: That must have been an emotional meeting.  
**lapse**  
n.　１．失误，疏忽；２．（时间的）流逝，间隔；３．（兴趣等的）减少，（信心的）丧失；４．陷入（或进入）（某种状态）(into)  
vi.　１．终止，失效；２．(into)陷入（或进入）．．．状态

A: Stop annoying your brother.  
B: Don’t **lash** out at me, he was the one that started it.  
**lash**  
v.　１．（用绳索等）将（物品）系牢；２．鞭打，抽打，（风，雨等）猛烈打击；３．猛烈抨击，严厉斥责  
n.　１．鞭子，鞭端绳索（或皮条）；２．鞭打；３．眼睫毛；４．鞭梢  
**lash** out (at)　猛烈抨击

A: I know you have the ability to do the task, it is **latent** within you.  
B: But I am not so confident that it is there.  
**latent**  
a.　潜在的，隐伏的，不易察觉的

A: On what line of **latitude** is France?  
B: Well, it will span several lines, but you should check in an atlas for the exact figures.  
**latitude**  
n. １．纬度；２．［pl.］纬度地区；３．（言语，行动等的）回旋余地，自由

A: Did you enjoy the wedding?  
B: Indeed, it was a very **lavish** affair.  
**lavish**  
a.　１．过分丰富的，无节制的；２．过分慷慨的，浪费的  
vt. (on,upon)　慷慨地给予，挥霍

A: Was our teacher also a priest?  
B: No, he was just a **layman** .  
**layman**  
n.　门外汉，外行

A: There were a lot of **layoffs** recently in my town.  
B: That will be hard on the families in the region, do you think they will be able to find new jobs?  
**layoff**  
n.　（尤指临时）解雇

A: Could you please give me some additional information about your organization?  
B: Certainly, this **leaflet** has all the details that you will need.  
**leaflet**  
n.　传单，散页印刷品，小册子  
v.　（向．．．）散发传单（或小册子）

A: Have you seen my shoes, Mum?  
B: Yes, they are drying on the window **ledge** .  
**ledge**  
n.　１．岩架，岩石突出部；２．架状突出物，壁架

A: Mr. Smart had a full and an interesting life.  
B: Yes, he indeed left a **legacy** .  
**legacy**  
n.　遗赠的财物，遗产

A: I am fascinated with ancient folk tales and **legends** .  
B: Yes, there are some wonderful stories that survived the ages.  
**legend**  
n.　１．传说，传奇故事；２．传奇人物

A: This time, Sir, I have a **legitimate** excuse for being late, I was ill.  
B: Do you have a doctor’s note to prove it?  
**legitimate**   
a.　１．合情合理的；２．合法的，法律认可的  
vt.　使合法

A: Would you like a glass of **lemonade** ?  
B: Oh, yes please, that sounds very refreshing.  
**lemonade**  
n.　１．柠檬水；２．汽水

A: Even though you have been naughty, I will be **lenient** just this one time.  
B: Thanks, Mum, and I promise not to do it again.  
**lenient**  
a.　宽大的，仁慈的

A: Do you need anything from the shops?  
B: Yes, I’d need to make a salad. Could you buy some **lettuce** please?  
**lettuce**   
n.　莴苣，生菜

A: I can’t open the window.  
B: Here is a stick, use it as a **lever** to force it open.  
**lever**  
n.　１．杠，杠杆；２．途径，工具，手段  
vt.　（用杠杆）撬动，撬起

A: My boss never gives much **leverage** , I don’t think I’ll be able to get the day off work.  
B: Oh, at least try one last time.  
**leverage**  
n.　１．力量，影响，手段，优势；２．杠杆作用，杠杆的力量

A: The government has increased the **levy** on imports.  
B: By what percentage?  
**levy**   
vt.　征收（税等）  
n.　征税，税款

A: You are a **liability** around the house.  
B: I’m not dangerous. I’m just energetic.  
**liability**  
n.　１．责任；２．［pl.］负债，债务；３．不利条件，起妨碍作用的人（或物）

A: **Lilies** are my favourite kind of flower.  
B: Oh, mine too!  
**lily**  
n.　百合，百合花

A: I arrive to the ball by **limousine** .  
B: Oh, I could not afford one, so I came by bus!  
**limousine**  
n.　轿车

A: Sarah has a very **limp** handshake.  
B: Yes, I don’t think that she is confident in herself.  
**limp**  
a.　１．软弱的，无生气的，无精神的；２．软的，松沓的  
vi.　一瘸一拐地走，蹒跚  
n.　跛行

A: Have you done **linear** equations in math class yet?  
B: No, I think we cover them next year.  
**linear**  
a.　１．线的，直线的，线状的；２．长度的；３．线性的

A: Is your shirt made from cotton or **linen** ?  
B: I am not sure what kind of fabric it is.  
**linen**  
n. １．日用织品，亚麻织品；２．亚麻布

A: I worked on a cruise **liner** for three months.  
B: Sounds exotic, but I’m sure that it was hard work!  
**liner**   
n.　１．大客轮；２．（化妆用）眼线膏，眼线笔，描唇笔；３．衬里

A: What would you like to do this morning?  
B: Just **linger** in bed a while longer.  
**linger**  
vi.　１．（因不愿意离开而）继续逗留，留恋徘徊；２．(on)继续存留，缓慢消失

A: I had a problem learning how to speak correctly when I was a child.  
B: Oh, I also had some **linguistic** problems.  
**linguistic**  
a.　语言的，语言学的

A: Is that **lipstick** on your collar?  
B: No, it is just tomato sauce, trust me!  
**lipstick**  
n.　唇膏，口红

A: What do you do in your spare time?  
B: I’m involved in a **literacy** project, teaching kids how to read.  
**literacy**  
n.　识字，有文化，读写能力

A: You should try to look beyond **literal** translations of the poem.  
B: But it is too difficult for me.  
**literal**  
a.　１．照字面的，原义的；２．逐字的

A: You should not take everything that I say **literally** .  
B: Well, you should be more direct.  
**literally**  
n.　１．逐字地，照原文，照字面地；２．确实地，真正地；３．简直

A: My grandmother was the only **literate** girl in her family.  
B: She was lucky to get an education.  
**literate**  
a.　１．有读写能力的；２．有文化修养的

A: Please put your **litter** in the bin.  
B: Oh, I can’t see one.  
**litter**  
n.　１．废弃物，被胡乱扔掉的东西；２．一窝（仔，崽）；３．（一堆）杂乱的东西  
vt.　乱扔东西于  
vi.　乱扔废弃物

A: The **livestock** on my farm are doing very well.  
B: How many cows and sheep do you have in total?  
**livestock**   
n.　［总称］家畜，牲畜

A: Were you out in the sun?  
B: Yes, I got burnt and I look like a **lobster** .  
**lobster**  
n.　龙虾

A: Are there any libraries in your **locality** ?  
B: No, but there is one in the next town.  
**locality**  
n.　地区，地点

A: Oh no, I left my watch in the **locker** in the gym.  
B: You better go back and get it.  
**locker**  
n.　（公共场所供个人使用的）寄物柜

A: I’m interested in early **locomotive** travel.  
B: I have never really been interested in trains myself.  
**locomotive**  
n.　机车

A: You have very **lofty** ideals.  
B: No, I just have high expectations of myself.  
**lofty**  
a.　１．高傲的，傲慢的；２．崇高的，高尚的；３．高耸的，极高的

A: My family has never enjoyed **longevity** .  
B: But you are lucky, you are already 91!  
**longevity**  
n.　１．长寿；２．寿命

A: What line of **longitude** are the Falkland Islands located on?  
B: Not sure, you better check a map.  
**longitude**  
n.　经度

A: My grandmother made all her clothing on a **loom** .  
B: Did she teach you how to use it?  
**loom**   
n.　织布机  
vi.　１．阴森地逼近，隐现，赫然耸现；２．即将来临

A: What did you do with the stolen **loot** ?  
B: I hid the money in a secret location.  
**loot**  
n.　赃物，战利品，掠夺物  
v.　抢劫，劫掠，掠夺

A: My skin is too dry, it must be because of the hot weather.  
B: Here is some **lotion** , rub it on to help.  
**lotion**  
n.　洗液，洗济，护肤液

A: Whether I win or lose is a **lottery** .  
B: Are you sure there is nothing you can do to increase your chances of winning?  
**lottery**   
n.　１．抽彩给奖法；２．碰运气的事，难于算计的事

A: This is an unusual dish, what is the main ingredient?  
B: It is made from **lotus** leaves.  
**lotus**  
n.　莲，莲花

A: They will announce the match results over the **loudspeaker** .  
B: We had better pay more attention then.  
**loudspeaker**  
n. 扬声器，喇叭

A: Did you see my scarf, Dad?  
B: Yes, it is the **lounge** , near the TV.  
**lounge**  
n.　休息厅，休息室  
vi.　１．（懒洋洋地）倚，（懒散地）躺；２．闲逛，闲荡

A: The brakes on my bike are not working.  
B: Perhaps you need to **lubricate** them.  
**lubricate**  
vt.　使润滑

A: I just landed a new **lucrative** job.  
B: Great, would you like to share some of your hard earned cash with me?  
**lucrative**   
a.　赚钱的，可获利的

A: I had to close my shop. Business had **lulled** .  
B: That is such a shame.  
**lull**  
vt.　１．使安静，使入睡；２．缓和，减轻，哄骗  
n.　暂时的平息（或平静）

A: I will have to **lumber** a clearing in the forest.  
B: Oh, are you sure it is necessary to cut down the trees?  
**lumber**   
vi.　笨拙地移动，缓慢吃力地移动  
vt.　拖累，使陷入困境  
n.　１．（堆放着的）家用废旧杂物；２．木材，不料，锯制板

A: The room was **luminous** with the light.  
B: It must have looked beautiful, especially in the evening.  
**luminous**  
a.　发光的，发亮的，光明的

A: I’d like to make a **lunar** landing some day.  
B: I’d also love to visit the moon.  
**lunar**  
a.　月的，月球的

A: Why did you move to the city?  
B: I was **lured** by the bright lights.  
**lure**  
vt.　吸引，引诱，诱惑  
n.　１．吸引力，诱惑物；２．诱饵，鱼饵

A: You have a strong **lust** for power.  
B: Yes, I consider myself ambitious.  
**lust**  
n.　１．（强烈的）性欲，淫欲  
vi. (after, for)　对．．．有强烈的欲望

A: Shakespeare wrote exceptional **lyric** poetry.  
B: I agree, his work is amazing, Jack.  
**lyric**  
a.　抒情的  
n.　［常pl.］歌词

## M ##

A: Has the case been closed yet?  
B: No, the **magistrate** still needs to decide the outcome.  
**magistrate**  
n.　地方行政官，地方法官，治安官

A: I am unable to read the small print in the book.  
B: It seems you need to **magnify** it.  
**magnify**  
vt.　１．放大，扩大；２．夸大，夸张

A: That was a terrible storm.  
B: Indeed, but it is too early to determine the **magnitude** of the damage.  
**magnitude**  
n.　１．重要性，重大；２．巨大，广大

A: A young fair **maiden** like you shouldn’t be single.  
B: That is because I am a young fair independent maiden.  
**maiden**  
n.　少女，年轻姑娘，未婚女子  
a.　首次的，初次的

A: You look **majestic** sitting on that high chair.  
B: Yes, I am pretending to be the king!  
**majestic**  
a.　雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，高贵的

A: Please cook me dinner now.  
B: Yes, your **majesty**, I’m at your service.  
**majesty**  
n.　 １．［Ｍ－］陛下（对帝王，王后的尊称）；２．雄伟，壮丽，庄严

A: Doctor, I traveled to Africa and I think I caught **malaria**.  
B: Did you take any medicine as a precaution?  
**malaria**  
n.　 疟疾

A: I hate you!  
B: Why are you so full of **malice**?  
**malice**  
n.　恶意，怨恨

A: I’m afraid that the test results have come back and your lump is **malignant**.  
B: That means it’s serious, doesn’t it, doctor?  
**malignant**  
a.　１．恶性的，致命的；２．恶意的，恶毒的

A: I’m going shopping in the **mall** this afternoon, want to join me?  
B: No, thanks, I have plans already.  
**mall**  
n.　（由许多商店组成的）购物中心

A: That child looks very unhealthy.  
B: Yes, he does not have enough to eat. He is suffering from **malnutrition**.  
**malnutrition**  
n.　营养不良

A: What distinguishes mammals from other animals, teacher?  
B: **Mammals** feed their young on milk.  
**mammal**  
n. 哺乳动物

A: I was able to park the car in one single **maneuver**.  
B: Well done, you have improved.  
**maneuver**  
n. 1．谨慎而熟练的动作；２．策略，花招；３．［pl.］演习  
vt.　１．设法使变动位置；２．（敏捷或巧妙地）操纵，控制  
vi.　１．设法变动位置；２．用策略，耍花招

A: Are you telling me you saw a ghost?  
B: Yes, it **manifested** itself on me during the night.  
**manifest**  
a.　明显的，显然的，明了的  
vt.　１．显示，表明，证明；２．使显现，使显露

A: I’m not able to untie this knot.  
B: If you **manipulate** the knot a bit more you may be able to open it.  
**manipulate**  
vt.　１．操纵，控制，影响；２．（熟练地）操作，使用

A: I just bought the new house.  
B: That is too big to be a house. It is a **mansion**.  
**mansion**  
n.　大厦，（豪华的）宅邸

A: I discovered an ancient **manuscript**.  
B: Are you going to donate it to the library?  
**manuscript**  
n.　１．手稿，原稿，底稿；２．手写本

A: What type of tree is that?  
B: I think it is a **maple**  
**maple**  
n.　槭树，枫树，槭木

A: I really dislike Stephanie.  
B: Don’t try to **mar** me with your negative impressions of her before I even meet her.  
**mar**  
vt.　破坏，毁坏

A: I’m getting a new fireplace installed.  
B: Is it the **marble** one you had your eye on?  
**marble**  
n.　１．大理石；２．（用玻璃、石头等制成的）弹子；３．［pl.］弹子游戏

A: The **mare** is expecting her foal in three weeks.  
B: Oh! I thought a **mare** was a male horse, silly me!  
**mare**  
n.　母马，母驴

A: Did you do well in the exam, Sir?  
B: Yes, you only made some **marginal** errors.  
**marginal**  
a.　１．微小的，少量的，不重要的；２．仅以微弱多数票获胜的；３．记（或引）在页边的，有旁注的

A: Have you ever smoked **marijuana**?  
B: No, I have never tried drugs.  
**marijuana**  
n.　大麻，大麻烟

A: What is your **marital** status?  
B: I am married.  
**marital**  
a.　婚姻的，夫妻的

A: I’m going to visit the **maritime** museum this afternoon.  
B: I assume that it is the one by the sea.  
**maritime**  
a.　１．海的，海事的，航海的；２．近海的，海的

A: It rained so much. My garden is like a **marsh**.  
B: Don’t worry, it will dry out soon.  
**marsh**  
n.　沼泽，湿地

A: I was a **marshal** in the army for 11 years.  
B: Gosh, that is a high rank, you must have worked hard to get there.  
**marshal**  
n.　１．元帅，最高指挥官；２．（某些群众活动的）总指挥，司仪；３．（美国的）执法官，警察局长，消防队长  
vt.　整理，排列，集结

A: I read that the ancient Romans were **martial** people.  
B: I’m not sure if they were inclined to war.  
**martial**  
a.　战争的，军事的，武术的

A: The sunset is amazing.  
B: Yes, I am sitting here **marveling** at it right now.  
**marvel**  
vi. (at)　惊叹，赞佩  
vt.　对．．．感到惊异  
n.　令人惊异（或不可思议）的事，奇迹

A: That girl looks particularly **masculine**.  
B: Maybe it is because she lifts weights.  
**masculine**  
a.　１．男性的，男子的；２．男子气的

A: Shall I **mash** your potatoes?  
B: No, thanks, I like them whole.  
**mash**  
vt. (up)　把．．．捣成糊状  
n.　糊状物

A: The soldiers **massacred** each other with gunfire during the war.  
B: Do you know how many people were killed?  
**massacre**  
vt.　１．大规模屠杀，残杀；２．彻底击败  
n.　１．大屠杀，残杀；２．（比赛等）残败

A: I had a wonderful body **massage** last night.  
B: Was it painful?  
**massage**  
n.　按摩，推拿  
vt.　给．．．按摩

A: What flag is that hoisted on the **mast**?  
B: It is the national flag. Don’t you recognize it?  
**mast**  
n.　１．船桅，桅杆，旗杆；２．天线杆

A: Your book is a **masterpiece**, well done.  
B: Thanks, I hope that the publishers think so , too.  
**masterpiece**  
n.　杰作

A: I would love to have a baby soon.  
A: That sounds like your **maternal** instincts talking!  
**maternal**  
a.　１．母亲的，母亲般的；２．母系的，母方的

A: Did you put your money in the bank?  
B: No, I hid it under the **mattress**.  
**mattress**  
n.　褥垫，床垫

A: I love walking in the **meadows** in spring.  
B: Me too, the fields are best at that time of year.  
**meadow**  
n.　草地

A: My brothers are having a serious argument.  
B: Are you going to **mediate** in the hope of solving it?  
**mediate**  
vi. (in, between)　调解，周旋  
vt.　１．经调解解决；２．经周旋促成

A: I visited several **medieval** castles while in France.  
B: So that means they date from the Middle Ages, correct?  
**medieval**  
a.　中世纪的，中古（时代）的

A: I try to practice **meditation** at least once a day.  
B: Oh, I can never sit still for long periods.  
**meditation**  
n.　１．默想，默念；２．沉思，冥想，沉思录

A: Why are you looking so **melancholy**, Rory?  
B: I just lost my job.  
**melancholy**  
a.　忧郁的，使人忧郁的，悲伤的  
n.　忧郁，悲伤

A: The atmosphere at the party was exceptionally **mellow**.  
B: Yes, all the guests were very relaxed.  
**mellow**  
a.　１．（颜色或声音）柔和的；２（水果）熟透的，甘美多汁的，（酒）芳醇的；３．成熟的，老练的，稳健的；４．高兴的，微醉的  
v.　１．（使）变得柔和；２．（使）成熟；３．（使）变得香醇

A: Sing along to this **melody**.  
B: I would, but I haven’t a note in my head.  
**melody**  
n.　１．旋律，曲调；２．悦耳的音乐

A: Would you like to try some **melon**?  
B: I’d love to, is it sweet?  
**melon**  
n.　瓜，甜瓜

A: Does Kelly know where to meet us?  
B: Yeah, I left a **memo** for her.  
**memo**  
n.　备忘录

A: You have had such an interesting life, you should write your **memoirs.**  
B: I’ve already started them.  
**memoir**  
n.　１．［pl.］回忆录，自传；２．记事录

A: Do we have to **memorise** the whole poem, Sir?  
B: No, only the first two verses.  
**memorise**  
v.　记住，熟记

A: Get out from the kitchen, you are such a **menace**.  
B: Sorry, I was only trying to help.  
**menace**  
n.　１．具有危险性的人（或物）；２．威胁，威吓  
vt.　威胁，威吓

A: I do not understand Robin’s **mentality**.  
B: Yeah, she has some strange ideas sometimes.  
**mentality**  
n.　心态，思想方法

A: All of the **merchandise** in the shop is half price today.  
B: Oh, let’s go in!  
**merchandise**  
n.　［总称］商品，货物  
vt.　买卖，经营

A: Be careful, there is **mercury** in the thermometer.  
B: Don’t worry, I will be careful.  
**mercury**  
n.　１，水银，汞；２［Ｍ－］［罗神］墨丘利

A: I think our ideas are beginning to **merge**.  
B: I think that is because we have spent so much time together.  
**merge**  
v.　（使）结合，（使）合并，（使）合为一体

A: Can you bring this note to your Mum?  
B: No, I am not your **messenger.**  
**messenger**  
n.　送信人，信使

A: This car is a little more expensive because of the **metallic** paint.  
B: I think it is worth is though.  
**metallic**  
a.　１．金属的，金属制的；２．有金属特性的，像金属的

A: Now, please pick out the main **metaphors** in the poem.  
B: Can you give us a clue, teacher?  
**metaphor**  
n.　１．隐喻；２．象征

A: You are very **methodical**.  
B: I just like to be organized.  
**methodical**  
a.　１．有条理的，井然的；２．办事有条不紊的

A: You were **meticulous** about the details of our trip.  
B: I just wanted everything to go smoothly.  
**meticulous**  
a.　极其仔细的，一丝不苟的

A: Shall we take the bus?  
B: No, the **metro** will be quicker.  
**metro.**  
n.　地铁

A: Did you report the crime?  
B: Yeah, straight away to the **metropolitan** police.  
**metropolitan**  
a.　大城市的，大都会的

A: You are a great violinist.  
B: I agree, I think we have a star in our **midst**.  
**midst**  
n.　中部，中间，当中  
in the **midst** of 　１．在．．．之中；２．正当．．．的时候

A: I am making a film about **migrant** workers in the city.  
B: That will be so interesting. I can’t wait to see it when it is finished.  
**migrant**  
n.　１．移居者，移民；２．候鸟，迁移动物

A: These birds **migrate** south in the winter every year?  
B: I’d like to go to warmer places also!  
**migrate**  
vi.　１．（候鸟等）迁徙，移栖；２．移居（尤指移居国外），迁移

A: Even though this car is old, the **mileage** is not very high.  
B: I shall buy it so.  
**mileage**  
n.　１．里程，英里数；２．好处，利润

A: A **militant　** group of reformers attempted to overthrow the government.  
B: Were they successful?  
**militant  
　**a.　激进的，好斗的  
n.　激进分子，斗士

A: I want to be a **millionaire 　**some day.  
B: Well, you will either have to win the Lottery or work very hard.  
**millionaire  
　**n.　百万富翁，大富翁

A: The flavours in this soup have **mingled　** well.  
B: Yes, it is delicious.  
**mingle  
　**vt.　使混合，使相混  
vi.　１．相交往，相往来；２．混合起来，相混合

A: I bought a **miniature 　**house for my doll.  
B: And when you are old enough you will be able to buy a normal sized one!  
**miniature  
　**a.　小型的，微小的  
n.　１．微小的模型，缩影；２．微型画，微型人物像  
in **miniature　**　小规模，小型

A: We will rent a **minibus 　**to take us to the match.  
B: Are you sure we won’t all fit in a car?  
**minibus　**  
n.　小型公共汽车

A: Margaret, you always do the **minimal　** amount of work.  
B: Sorry, I will try harder from now on.  
**minimal  
　**a.　最小的，最低限度的

A: Shall I turn the computer off?  
B: No just **minimize　** the current screen.  
**minimize  
　**vt.　１．使减少（或缩小）到最低限度；２．极力贬低，对．．．做最低估计

A: Would you like a **mint　**?  
B: No thanks, I have just brushed my teeth.  
**mint  
　**n.　１．薄荷；２．铸币厂  
vt.　１．铸造（硬币）；２．创造（词，词组等）

A: I’m surprised to see you so soon after your accident.  
B: Yes, the doctors said I made a **miraculous　** recovery.  
**miraculous  
　**a.　奇迹般的，不可思议的

A: I hope you are not up to **mischief　** in there, Son.  
B: No Dad, I’m only playing a video game.  
**mischief  
　**n.　１．恶作剧，胡闹，捣蛋；２．淘气，顽皮；３．损害，伤害，危害

A: My grandfather encountered a lot of **misery 　**during his lifetime.  
B: Yes, I am glad that I was not born back them.  
**misery  
　**n.　１．痛苦，苦恼，苦难；２．悲惨的境遇，贫苦

A: It rained heavily on my wedding day.  
B: Oh, what a **misfortune　**!  
**misfortune  
　**n.　１．不幸，厄运，逆境；２．不幸事故，灾难，灾祸

A: Aside from some slight **misgivings　**, I think Mrs. Jones should have the job.  
B: Actually I think she is perfect for it.  
**misgiving  
　**n.　疑虑，担忧，害怕

A: I was educated in South Africa by some **missionaries　**.  
B: Oh, what country were they from?  
**missionary　**  
n.　传教士

A: I think David has a **mistress　**.  
B: No, he is happily married.  
**mistress  
　**n.　１．情妇；２．主妇，女主人

A: But I don’t want to do the washing up.  
B: The sooner you stop **moaning　**, the quicker it will get done.  
**moan  
　**vi.　１．呻吟，呜咽；２．(about)抱怨，发牢骚  
vt.　抱怨  
n.　１．呻吟声，呜咽声；２．怨声，牢骚

A: I was attacked by an angry **mob 　**on my way home.  
B: How terrible, were you hurt?  
**mob　**  
n.　暴民，乌合之众  
vt.　成群围住，聚众袭击

A: How are we going to **mobilize　** the masses?  
B: It is certainly difficult to get them going, but we shall manage.  
**mobilize  
　**vt.　１．动员；２．调动，鼓动起  
vi.　动员起来

A: How did he recover so quickly?  
B: He **mock　** his illness in the first place.  
**mock  
　**vt.　１．嘲笑，嘲弄；２．（为了取笑）模仿  
vi.　嘲笑，嘲弄  
a.　１．模拟的，演习的；２．假的，假装的

A: I have only two more **modules　** to complete and then I have my degree.  
B: Congratulations!  
**module  
　**n. １．组件，模块，模件；２．（航天器的）舱

A: On this **momentous　** occasion I would like to thank all those who supported my cause.  
B: There is no need to thank us.  
**momentous  
　**a.　重大的，重要的

A: Are you in favour of the **monarchy　**?  
B: No, I don’t support the king or the queen.  
**monarchy  
　**n.　１．君主制，君主政体；２．君主国

A: How do I get to your house?  
B: Pass the **monastery　** on the other side of the town and my house is the first on the right.  
**monastery  
　**n.　修道院，寺院

A: What do you think of the new **monetary　** union in Europe?  
B: Oh, I think that it will be good for trade.  
**monetary  
　**a.　钱的，货币的，金融的

A: I met a **monk　** on my travels.  
B: Oh, did you visit a monastery?  
**monk　**  
n.　修道士，僧侣

A: The play was excellent.  
B: I agree, especially the long **monologue 　**performed by the main actress.  
**monologue  
　**n.　１．（别人简直无法插嘴的）滔滔不绝的话；２．（戏剧，电影等中的）独白

A: Mr. Dalton has somewhat of a **monopoly　** in the town.  
B: Yes, he owns of the shops and restaurants.  
**monopoly  
　**n.　１．垄断，专卖；２．垄断物，垄断商品，专卖商品；３．独占，完全控制

A: Do you enjoy your work?  
B: No, it is **monotonous　**.  
**monotonous  
　**a.　单调无聊的，毫无变化的

A: There are **monsters　** under my bed, Mum.  
B: Don’t be silly, how would they fit?  
**monster　**  
n.　１．怪物；２．极其残酷的人；３．巨人，巨兽，巨大的东西  
a.　巨大的，庞大的

A: I split some water on the carpet  
B: Don’t worry, I’ll **mop　** it up later.  
**mop  
　**n.　１．拖把；２．蓬乱的头发  
v.　１．用拖把拖洗；２．擦干  
**mop　** up　１．（用布等）擦去；２．扫荡，肃清；３．完成，结束

A: The film was uplifting.  
B: Yes, it was good for my **morale　**.  
**morale  
　**n.　士气，斗志

A: Do you think you have a strict set of principles?  
B: Yes, I think I have a strong sense of **morality　**.  
**morality  
　**n.　１．道德，（行为等的）道德性；２．德行，品行

A: Be careful, that is dangerous.  
B: Oh, we are all **mortals　** and have to die at some stage or another.  
**mortal  
　**a.　１．终有一死的；２．致命的；３．你死我活的，不共戴天的  
n.　人

A: Did you buy your house with cash?  
B: Not at all, I had to take out a huge **mortgage　**.  
**mortgage  
　**n.　抵押，抵押借款  
vt.　抵押

A: The drains are not working.  
B: They must be filled with **moss　** again, I will clear them.  
**moss  
　**n.　藓类植物，苔藓

A: Shall we stay in a hotel?  
B: No, let’s save money and stay in a **motel　**.  
**motel.  
　**n.　汽车旅馆

A: There is a hole in your sweatshirt.  
B: Oh, it was eaten by **moths　**.  
**moth  
　**n.　蛾

A: Do you drive a car?  
B: No, but I can ride a **motorcycle　**.  
**motorcycle  
　**n.　摩托车

A: What was the **motto 　**of your school?  
B: I’m not sure if it had one.  
**motto  
　**n.　箴言，格言，座右铭

A: The castle was built on the top of the **mound 　**overlooking the village.  
B: I assume they did that for protection.  
**mound  
　**n.　１．土墩，沙土堆；２．（一）堆，（一）垛

A: It has been a long time since your father passed away.  
B: Yes, but I’m still in mourning.  
mourn  
v. １．哀悼；２．（对．．．）感到痛心（或遗憾）

A: Have you ever grown a beard?  
B: No, but I did have a **moustache　** once.  
**moustache  
　**n.　八字须

A: The grass is getting long.  
B: Well, it is about time that you **mowed　** it then.  
**mow  
　**v.　割（草）  
**mow　** down　大量杀伤，扫杀，摧毁

A: Don’t come into the house with **muddy　** shoes.  
B: OK, I’ll take them off now.  
**muddy  
　**a.　１．泥泞的，沾满烂泥的；２．（光，色泽）灰暗的，暗淡的；３．模糊的，糊涂的  
vt.　１．使沾上烂泥；２．使（形势，争端等）显得扑朔迷离

A: You are as slow as a **mule　**.  
B: You are no spring chicken yourself.  
**mule  
　**n.　１．骡子；２．［pl.］拖鞋；３．十分固执的人

A: Are you planning to feed the **multitudes　** with this meal?  
B: Yes, I cook rather a lot.  
**multitude  
　**n.　１．大量，许多；２．［the ~］大众，民众  
a **multitude / multitudes　** of　许多，大量

A: Did you hear what Mandy said?  
B: No, she was **mumbling　**.  
**mumble  
　**v.　含糊地说（话），咕哝  
n.　咕哝，含糊的话（或声音）

A: I am going to see an exhibition in the **municipal 　**gallery tomorrow.  
B: Oh, can I join you?  
**municipal　**  
a.　市的，市政的

A: The room was so silent you could hear a pin drop.  
B: You mean there was not even a **murmur　**.  
**murmur  
　**v. / n.　１．小声说（话）；２．小声抱怨，咕哝；３．（微风，流水等）发出连续而低沉的声音

A: You are looking incredibly **muscular　**.  
B: Oh, thanks, I have been going to the gym five times a week.  
**muscular  
　**a.　１．肌肉发达的，强壮的；２．（有关）肌肉的

A: Do you follow any particular religion?  
B: Yes, I am a **Muslim　**.  
**Muslin  
　**n.　穆斯林  
a.　穆斯林的，伊斯兰教信徒的

A: Would you like any sauce on your sandwich?  
B: Do you have any mustard?  
mustard  
n.　１．芥末；２．芥菜

A: After witnessing the accident my brother was **mute　** for three years.  
B: And why did he start to speak again?  
**mute　**  
a.　１．缄默的，无声的；２．哑的，不会说话的；３．（字母）不发音的  
vt.　消除（声音），减轻（声音）

A: He **muttered　** the answer into my ear but I still was unable to hear him.  
B: You should have asked him to repeat it more clearly.  
**mutter  
　**v. / n.　轻声低语，小声抱怨

A: Is this chicken or beef?  
B: Neither, it is **mutton　**.  
**mutton  
　**n.　羊肉

A: My dog bit a young child once.  
B: Is that why he now wears a **muzzle　**?  
**muzzle　**  
n.　１．（四足动物的）鼻口部；２．（防止动物咬人的）口套；３．枪口，炮口  
vt.　１．使缄默，钳制．．．言论；２．给（狗等）戴口套

A: There are **myriad　** reasons why I should not go on holidays now.  
B: But there is one reason why you should, me!  
**myriad  
　**a.　无数的  
n.　无数，极大数量

A: My neighbour claims that she is a **mystic　**.  
B: Do you think that she actually has magical powers?  
**mystic  
　**n.　神秘主义者  
a.　１．神秘的，玄妙的；２．神秘主义（者）的

A: The moon looks **mystical 　**tonight.  
B: Perhaps that is because it is a full moon on a clear night.  
**mystical  
　**见 **mystic  
　**  
A: I want to study ancient **mythology　**.  
B: What interests you in particular about the stories?  
**mythology  
　**n.　神话，神话学

**Ｎ　**

A: He has a very **naive** attitude towards works.  
B: Yeah, he thinks that money grows on trees.  
**naive**  
a.　１．幼稚的，轻信的；２．天真的

A: I’m feeling a bit tired.  
B: Why don’t you have a quick **nap**?  
**nap**  
n. / vi　（尤指在白天）小睡，打盹  
catch sb **napping**　１．发现某人在打瞌睡；２．使措手不及

A: Here is a **napkin** is case you spill your drink.  
B: Oops, too late!  
**napkin**  
n.　餐巾

A: Did you enjoy the novel you just completed?  
B: Yes, very much, the **narrative** was exceptional.  
**narrative**  
n.　１．叙述文，故事；２．叙述，讲述

A: That is a **nasty** cold that you have.  
B: Oh, it is getting better, you should have seen me last week!  
**nasty**  
a.　１．令人讨厌的，令人厌恶的；２．难弄的，困难的；３．严重的，恶劣的，险恶的；４．下流的，道德败坏的

A: My son is so **naughty**.  
B: Don’t worry, he will grow up soon.  
**naughty**  
a.　１．顽皮的，淘气的；２．猥亵的

A: The rain **necessitated** that the concert was held indoors.  
B: Oh, I did not realize that it had rained.  
**necessitate**  
vt.　使成为必要，需要

A: Have you seen my new **necklace**?  
B: Yes, just below your chin, you are wearing it!  
**necklace**  
n.　项链

A: The school was found guilty of **negligence.**  
B: Was it closed down as a result?  
**negligence**  
n.　疏忽，粗心大意

A: Did you make any progress in learning French this month?  
B: **Negligible**, I did not work hard enough.  
**negligible**  
a. 可忽略不计的，微不足道的

A: Where is your apartment?  
B: Right beside the shop with the bright **neon** sign.  
**neon**  
n.　１．氖；２．氖灯，霓虹灯

A: What would you like to do when you leave school?  
B: I’d love to be a **newscaster** on TV?  
**newscaster**  
n.　新闻播音员

A: They will be showing a recent **newsreel** just before the film in the cinema.  
B: Oh good, I have not seen the news for a long time.  
**newsreel**  
n. 新闻影片

A: Mum, can I have my pocket money please?  
B: I haven’t even a **nickel** to give you this week.  
**nickel**  
n. １．镍；２．（美国和加拿大的）五分镍币，五分钱

A: Do you have a **nickname**, Steven?  
B: Well, my father calls me “pest”, if that counts!  
**nickname**  
n.　绰号  
vt.　给．．．起绰号

A: Keith’s teeth are badly stained with **nicotine**.  
B: Yes, he smokes a lot.  
**nicotine**  
n.　尼古丁

A: What was the score in the football match?  
B: One- **nil**, to our team.  
**nil**  
n.　无，零

A: Did the committee do good work?  
B: No, it was only **nominal,** I think the members met only once.  
**nominal**  
a.　１．名义上的，有名无实的；２．（费用等）很少的，象征性的；３．名词性的

A: I am going to **nominate** you to be the president of our organization.  
B: Oh, thanks, I didn’t realize you thought so highly of me.  
**nominate**  
vt.　提名，任命

A: Even though Peter hurt his foot he **nonetheless** won the race.  
B: Yeah, he has always been a determined athlete.  
**nonetheless**  
ad.　尽管如此，依然，然而

A: What usually happens at the end of one of these meetings?  
B: I’m not sure what the **norm** is.  
**norm**  
n.　１．标准，规范；２．［常pl.］准则

A: I spent the afternoon looking at old photos.  
B: That must have made you **nostalgic**.  
**nostalgic**  
a. 怀旧的，引起对往事怀恋的

A: Why are dragons said to have large **nostrils**?  
B: So that they can blow fire through them.  
**nostril**  
n.　鼻孔

A: Mr. Hardy made a **notable** presentation at the conference.  
B: Well, tell me the details then.  
**notable**  
a.　值得注意的，显著的，著名的  
n.　名人，要人

A: Did you play this piece at the concert?  
B: No, I was unable to read the musical **notation**. It wasn’t printed clearly.  
**notation**  
n.　１．记号，标记法；２．注释，记录

A: I am **notorious** for my bad spelling.  
B: Yes, your teacher did mention it to me once.  
**notorious**  
a.　臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的

A: **Notwithstanding** the weather, we had a great day out.  
B: Yeah, it is best not to let the rain spoil our plans.  
**notwithstanding**  
prep. / ad. 尽管

A: What are you doing?  
B: I am reading a book to **nourish** my mind.  
**nourish**  
vt.　１．养育，喂养，滋养；２．怀有（希望等），增强（希望等）

A: My daughter sleeps with her new shoes on.  
B: Don’t worry, the **novelty** will wear off soon.  
**novelty**  
n.　１．新奇事物；２．新奇，新奇感，新奇性；３．新颖小巧而廉价的物品

A: What did you think of the **nude** painting in the gallery?  
B: I thought it was a masterpiece.  
**nude**  
a.　裸体的  
n.　裸体画，裸体雕像

A: What is the **numerical** value you would attach to happiness?  
B: That is an impossible thing to give a figure to .  
**numerical**  
a.　数字的，用数字表示，数值的

A: My aunt wants to become a **nun**.  
B: She must be very religious.  
**nun　**  
n.　修女，尼姑

A: My plants just died.  
B: That is because you didn’t **nurture** them. Plants are like children!  
**nurture**  
vt. / n.　养育，培育，滋养

A: I love all types of fruit.  
B: Excellent, and they are so rich in **nutrients**.  
**nutrient**  
n. 营养品，滋养物  
a.　营养的，滋养的

A: The young child looked very unwell.  
B: Yes, I think he was lacking **nutrition**.  
**nutrition**  
n.　营养

## O ##

A: What type of tree is that?  
B: I think it is an **oak** tree. It is certainly large enough to be one.  
**oak**  
n. １．栎树，橡树；２．栎木，橡木

A: Oh no, I’ve dropped an **oar** .  
B: We will have to swim to the shore now.  
**oar**  
n.　桨，橹

A: Please tell me the big secret.  
B: Sorry, I took an **oath** and swore that I wouldn't.  
**oath**  
n.　１．誓言，誓约；咒骂，诅咒语  
on / under **oath　** 在法庭上宣过誓

A: My pupils are so **obedient** , they always do their home work.  
B: You are lucky, mine are terrible.  
**obedient**  
a.　服从的，顺从的

A: Robert told an **obscene** joke last night.  
B: Is it too rude to repeat to me?  
**obscene**  
a.　１．淫秽的，下流的；２．可憎的，可恶的

A: Did you understand the theatre performance?  
B: No, it was too **obscure** for me.  
**obscure**  
a.　１．不著名的，不重要的；２．费解的，模糊不清的；３．隐藏的，偏僻的  
vt.　使变模糊，掩盖

A: You are always playing video games.  
B: I know. I have an **obsession.**   
**obsession**  
n.　困扰，无法摆脱的思想（或情感）

A: Excuse me, but your car is **obstructing** the entrance to my home.  
B: Oh, I’ll move it right away.  
**obstruct**  
vt.　１．阻塞，堵塞；２．阻碍，阻止，妨碍

A: Can I move into the apartment today?  
B: No, you can have **occupancy** next week.  
**occupancy**  
n.　占有，使用，居住

A: What is that terrible **odour** ?  
B: Oh, sorry, it must be my socks.  
**odour**  
n.　气味

A: Beverley looked stunning at the party.  
B: Yes, her outfit was **offset** by her jewelry.  
**offset**  
vt.　补偿，抵消

A: Do you have any **offspring** ?  
B: Yes, I have three daughters.  
**offspring**  
n.　１．子女，子孙，后代；２．（动物的）崽

A: Do you like **olives** ?  
B: Yes, especially black ones in salad.  
**olive**  
n.　橄榄，橄榄树

A: Is that glass clear?  
B: No, it is **opaque** , that is why you are having difficulty seeing through it.  
**opaque**  
a.　１．不透明的，不透光的；２．难理解的，晦涩的

A: Women in the old days were frequently **oppressed** by their husbands.  
B: I am glad that times are changing.  
**oppress**  
vt.　１．压迫，压制；２．使（心情等）沉重，使烦恼

A: You would like the blue car?  
B: No, I think I’ll **opt** for the red one.  
**opt**  
vt. (for)　选择，挑选

A: The weather will be wonderful tomorrow.  
B: You are always filled with **optimism** .  
**optimism**  
n.　乐观，乐观主义

A: I study at my **optimum** between eight and ten in the morning.  
B: Oh, I work best in the evenings.  
**optimum**  
a.　最合适的，最优的，最佳的

A: Where did you get the apples?  
B: I picked them in the **orchard** down the road.  
**orchard**  
n.　果园

A: I was in a serious car accident last year.  
B: That must have been a terrible **ordeal** .  
**ordeal**  
n.　苦难经理，折磨，煎熬

A: I love studying science.  
B: I **orient** more towards the Arts.  
**orient**  
vt.　１．使适应，使熟悉情况（或环境等）；２．（to ,toward）使朝向，以．．．为方向（目标）  
n.　东方，亚洲（尤指远东），东半球

A: **Oriental** cuisine is my favourite.  
B: Yes, I also love Chinese food.  
**oriental**  
a. 东方的，东方人的，东方文化的

A: I was unable to find my **orientation** in the city.  
B: You should have carried a map with you.  
**orientation**  
n.　１．方向，目标，方位；２．熟悉情况，适应，情况介绍

A: From where does the guitar **originate** ?  
B: Well, there are many types of guitar, so probably many countries.  
**originate**  
vi. (in,from,with)　起源于，来自，产生  
vt.　创造，创始，开创

A: That is a beautiful **ornament** beside the TV.  
B: Thanks, it was a gift from a friend.  
**ornament**  
n.　１．装饰品，点缀品；２．装饰，点缀  
vt.　装饰，点缀，美化

A: I was an **orphan** until the age of seven.  
B: Goodness, do you know what happened to your parents?  
**orphan**   
n.　孤儿  
vt.　使成为孤儿

A: You look very unusual today.  
B: Yes, I was tired with the **orthodox.**   
**orthodox**  
a.　１．传统的；２．正统的，正宗的

A: I was **ousted** from the number one position.  
B: But you will have a chance to win it back, don’t worry.  
**oust**  
vt.　１．驱逐；２．罢免，把．．．撤职（以取而代之）

A: There was an **outbreak** of skin disease in my town.  
B: Oh, did you contract it?  
**outbreak**   
n.　（战争、情感、火山等的）爆发，（疾病，虫害等的）突然发生

A: That is a beautiful **outfit** you are wearing.  
B: Thanks , I got it specially made for this occasion.  
**outfit**  
n.　１．（用于某种场合的）全套服装；２．（协同工作的）一组人；３．全套装备，全套工具

A: Let’s go on an **outing** .  
B: OK, where would you like to go?  
**outing**  
n.　远足，郊游，短途旅行，外出参观（或看戏等）

A: I saw a film about **outlaw** in the Wild West.  
B: Oh, I hate those types of movies.  
**outlaw**  
n. 歹徒，亡命之徒  
vt.　宣布．．．为不合法

A: There will be **outrage** if I am home late again.  
B: Don’t worry, they won’t get angry.  
**outrage**  
n.　１．义愤，愤慨；２．暴行，骇人听闻的事件  
vt.　激起．．．的义愤，激怒

A: Who won the match?  
B: There was no **outright** winner. It was a draw.  
**outright**  
ad.　１．坦率地，直率地，无保留地；２．完全地，彻底地；３．立即，当场  
a.　１．清楚的，无疑的，明白无误的；２．完全的，彻底的

A: Do you live in the centre of the town?  
B: No, just on the **outskirts** .  
**outskirts**  
n.　外围地区，郊区，郊外

A: My library books are five days **overdue** .  
B: Oh, will you have to pay a fine?  
**overdue**  
a.　１．过期的，到期未付的；２．早该有的，迟到的，延误的

A: The bath is **overflowing** !  
B: Oh no, I forgot that I had one running.  
**overflow**  
vt.　１．满得外溢，外流，泛滥；２．(with)充满，洋溢　  
vt.　淹没，从．．．中溢出，多得使无法容纳  
n.　１．容纳不下的物（或人）；２．溢出，满出；３．溢流口，溢流管

A: Excuse me. I couldn’t help but **overhear** , but I think I am the person you are looking for.  
B: What a coincidence!  
**overhear**  
vt.　无意中听到，偷听到

A: It is a shame that our holidays don’t **overlap** .  
B: Indeed, I would love to go on holidays with you.  
**overlap**  
v.　１．（与．．．）部分重叠；２．（与．．．）部分相同  
n.　重叠，重叠的部分

A: Did you make it to the other side of the mountain?  
B: No, the **overpass** was blocked.  
**overpass**  
n.　天桥，立交桥

A: My comment **overrides** my previous statement.  
B: You are always changing your mind.  
**override**  
vt.　１．不顾，不理睬，否决；２．压倒，优先于

A: His dislike for me was **overt** .  
B: Oh, he did not make it that obvious.  
**overt**  
a.　公开的，不隐蔽的

A: I am planning to **overthrow** the government.  
B: That is a big plan. you will need help.  
**overthrow**  
vt.　１．推翻，打倒；２．使终止，屏弃  
n.　倾覆，终止，结束

A: Our car **overturned** when it hit the tree.  
B: Was anyone injured?  
**overturn**   
vt.　１．使翻转，使倾覆，使倒下；２．颠覆，推翻  
vi.　倾覆，翻转，翻倒

A: Were you surprised by the gift?  
B: Yes, I was completely **overwhelmed** .  
**overwhelm**  
vt.　１．（感情上）使受不了，使不知所措；２．征服，制服

A: I have an **overwhelming** need to sleep right now.  
B: Well, what is keeping you from having a rest?  
**overwhelming**   
a.　１，势不可挡的，压倒的；２．巨大的

A: What is that bird?  
B: I think it is an **owl** .  
**owl.**  
n.　猫头鹰

A: Is water a type of **oxide** ?  
B: Yes, as it contains oxygen.  
**oxide**  
n.　氧化物

A: Do you enjoy eating **oysters** ?  
B: I have never tasted them.  
**oyster**  
n.　牡蛎

A: Did you hear that the hole in the **ozone** is increasing in size?  
B: Yes, it is a shame.  
**ozone**  
n.　臭氧

**P**

A: You don’t seem to be arguing with your brother anymore.  
B: No, we made a **pact** not to argue anymore.  
**pact**  
n.　契约，协定，条约

A: Shall we go canoeing on the river?  
B: We could, but I’ve lost the **paddle**.  
**paddle**   
n.　１．短桨，桨；２．涉水  
vi.　１．划桨前进，荡桨；２．涉水  
vt.　１．用桨（划）船；２．用木板打

A: I’m looking for some information about your organization.  
B: All the details that you will need are contained in this short **pamphlet**.  
**pamphlet**  
n.　小册子

A: Did you see the **pandas** at the zoo?  
B: Yes, but they were sleeping.  
**panda**  
n.　熊猫

A: I’ve been having hunger **pangs**.  
B: Why don’t you buy something to eat then?  
**pang**  
n.　一阵（剧痛，悲痛等）

A: Do you have a good view from your window?  
B: Yes, the **panorama** of the mountains is wonderful.  
**panorama**  
n.　１．全景；２．概括，综述，概观

A: Why are you **panting**?  
B: I just ran up the stairs.  
**pant**  
vi.　１．喘，气喘；２．(for)渴望  
vt.　气喘吁吁地说  
n.　气喘，喘息

A: Did you read Mr. Doyle’s new novel?  
B: Not yet, I’m going to wait until it comes out in **paperback**.  
**paperback**  
n.　平装本，简装本

A: I’ve jumped out of a plane twice.  
B: I assume that you were wearing a **parachute**.  
**parachute**  
n.　降落伞  
vi.　跳伞  
vt.　伞投，空投  
  
A: I lived on a tropical island for one year.  
B: It must have been **paradise**.  
**paradise**  
n.　天，乐园

A: Peter is a **paradox** to me.  
B: Yes, I find his actions very confusing also.  
**paradox**  
n.　１．似乎矛盾而（可能）正确的说法；２．自相矛盾的人（或事物）

A: Paul was **paralysed** form the waist down.  
B: Oh, how terrible! Was he in an accident?  
**paralyse**  
vt.　１．使瘫痪，使麻痹；２．使丧失作用；３．使惊愕，使呆若木鸡

A: I can’t understand these math equations.  
B: OK, I will help. Firstly, what are the **parameters**?  
**parameter**  
n.　１．［常pl.］界限，范围；２．参数

A: I have to borrow more money from my parents.  
B: Do you feel like a **parasite**?  
**parasite**  
n.　１．寄生生物；２．寄生虫

A: We are having afternoon tea in the **parlour** if you would like to join us.  
B: Yes, that would be splendid.  
**parlour**  
n.　１．（出售某些商品或提供某种服务的）店，馆，院；２．客厅室

A: Stop repeating everything that I say.  
B: I am pretending to be a **parrot**!  
**parrot**  
n.　鹦鹉

A: As a **participant** in the project, you will be required to attend the sessions twice a week.  
B: No problem, but are there any other requirements?  
**participant**  
n.　参加者，参与者

A: Are you a member of a political party?  
B: No, I do not get involved in **partisan** politics.  
**partisan**  
a.　党派的，派性的，偏袒的  
n.　１．党徒，忠实的追随者；２．（敌后）游击队员

A: I thought this room was bigger.  
B: Oh, we put up a **partition** last week.  
**partition**  
n.　１．分隔物，隔墙；２．分割，划分  
vt.　隔开，分割，瓜分

A: I am entering into a new business **partnership**.  
B: Oh, with whom?  
**partnership**  
n.　合伙（关系），合伙经营（的企业），合伙人身份

A: I am **passionate** about reading.  
B: Yes, I always see you with your head in a book.  
**passionate**  
a.　１．多情的；２．充满激情的，激昂的；３．热切的，强烈的

A: What is your favourite **pastime**?  
B: Well, I really enjoy swimming.  
**pastime**  
n.　消遣，娱乐

A: This apple pie is delicious.  
B: I agree, I think it must be the **pastry**.  
**pastry**  
n.　油酥面团，酥皮糕点

A: How many cows do you have on your **pasture**?  
B: Oh, I am not a dairy farmer.  
**pasture**  
n.　牧草地，牧场  
vt.　放牧

A: I have come up with a new invention.  
B: You better **patent** it quickly, in case someone steals your idea.  
**patent**  
n.　专利，专利权  
a.　（有关）专利（权）的，受专利保护的  
vt.　得到．．．的专利权

A: I got a **pathetic** result in the exam.  
B: But at least you still passed.  
**pathetic**  
a.　１．差劲的，令人生厌的；２．引起怜悯的，可怜的，可悲的

A: Do you celebrate your national day each year?  
B: No, I’m not a **patriot**.  
**patriot**  
n.　爱国者，爱国主义者

A: I always feel so **patriotic** when my country is playing an international match.  
B: Yes, it is strange what football can do!  
**patriotic**  
a.　爱国的，有爱国心的，显示爱国精神的

A: **Patrols** are requested to keep noise to a minimum after 10pm.  
B: Isn’t that a bit early for a hotel?  
**patrol**  
v.　（在．．．）巡逻，巡查  
n.　１．巡逻，巡查；２．巡逻兵，巡逻队

A: Please do not **patronize** me.  
B: I wasn’t , I was trying to compliment you.  
**patronize**  
vt.　１．以高人一等的态度对待；２．经常光顾，惠顾；３．赞助

A: I am getting my driveway **paved** tomorrow.  
B: That must be expensive.  
**pave**  
vt.　铺（路），铺筑  
**pave** the way (for)　（为．．．）铺平道路，（为．．．）做准备

A: How many people do you have on your **payroll**?  
B: Well, I employ twenty people in total.  
**payroll**  
n.　１．工资表，在职人员名单；２．工薪总额

A: Would you like a **peanut**?  
B: No thanks, do you have any fruit instead?  
**peanut**  
n.　１．花生；２．［pl.］很少的钱

A: Your necklace is beautiful.  
B: Thanks, it is made from **pearls**.  
**pearl**  
n.　１．珍珠；２．珠状物；３．珍品

A: Oh, I have to stop walking, I have a **pebble** in my shoe.  
B: That must be uncomfortable.  
**pebble**  
n.　卵石，小圆石

A: Did he give you a kiss?  
B: Well, just a **peck** on the cheek.  
**peck**  
vt.　１．啄；２．匆匆轻啄  
vi.　啄食；２．(at)小口地吃  
n.　１．啄；２．匆匆的一吻；３．(谷物等的干量单位)配克

A: Sorry, I’m late, I lost **pedal** on my bike.  
B: Oh, don’t worry. Were you still able to cycle here?  
**pedal**  
n.　踏板，踏脚  
vi.　踩踏车，骑车  
vt.　脚蹬，踩一的踏板

A: This street is perfect for **pedestrians**.  
B: Yes, cars are only allowed access in the late evening.  
**pedestrian**  
n.　步行者，行人

A: Could you **peel** my orange for me? I hate doing it!  
B: Certainly, it would be my pleasure.  
**peel**  
vt.　削．．．的皮，剥．．．的壳  
vi.　剥落，脱皮  
n.　（水果等的）皮，外皮  
**peel** off 　剥掉，脱去

A: There is someone **peeping** through the curtains.  
B: Quick, close them!  
**peep**  
vi.　１．窥视，偷看；２．隐现，慢慢露出  
n. １．窥视；２．（汽车喇叭的）嘟嘟声；３．（鼠，小鸟等的）吱吱声

A: Did you hang the clothes on the washing line?  
B: Not all of them, I ran out of **pegs**.  
**peg**  
n.　１．小钉，栓，挂物钉；２．桩  
vt.　１．用钉子钉，用钉（或桩等）固定；２．限定（价格，工资等）；３．将．．．看成，将．．．归入；４．投（球）等  
**peg** away at　坚持不懈地做

A: If you are late again I will have to **penalize**.  
B: Oh, please don’t punish me.  
**penalize**  
vt.　１．使处于不利地位，不公平地对待；２．罚款

A: Are you busy at the moment?  
B: Yes, very, I have five jobs **pending**.  
**pending**  
prep.　直到，在等待．．．期间  
a.　１．未决的，未定的，待定的；２．即将发生的，迫近的

A: The old clock has stopped working.  
B: Oh, the **pendulum** sometimes gets stuck.  
**pendulum**  
n.　１．摆，钟摆；２．摇摆不定的事态（或局面）

A: I am wearing only black and white. I look like a **penguin**.  
B: Don’t be silly, I think you look beautiful.  
**penguin**  
n.　企鹅

A: Is your new house by the coast?  
B: Yes, it is on the **peninsula**, just by the beach.  
**peninsula**  
n.　半岛

A: The bird has not moved from its **perch** all day.  
B: It must be very tried!  
**perch**  
n.　１．（鸟类的）栖息处，栖枝，栖木；２．高处，较高的位置；３．鲈鱼  
v.　１．（鸟）飞落，暂栖，停留；２．（在较高处或物体边缘）坐着  
vt.　把．．．置于较高或危险处

A: You did your homework to **perfection**, well done.  
B: Thanks, I worked for a long time on it.  
**perfection**  
n.　完美，完善  
to **perfection**　完美地，尽善尽美地，完全地

A: You smell beautifully.  
B: Thanks, it must be my new **perfume**.  
**perfume**  
n.　香水，香料，香气  
vt.　１．使充满芳香；２．洒香水于

A: You enter the car race at your own **peril**.  
B: Don’t worry, I will be careful.  
**peril**  
n.　１．极大危险；２．［常pl.］危险的事（或环境）  
at one’s **peril　**（尤用于告诫某人勿做某事）自担风险

A: Do you know the chemical symbol of gold?  
B: No, you better check the **periodic** table.  
**periodic**  
a.　周期的，定期的，时而发生的

A: I have an article published in a new **periodical**.  
B: Oh, what is the name of the journal?  
**periodical**  
n.　期刊  
a.　周期的，定期的，时而发生的

A: John nearly **perished** on the mountain.  
B: Who came to his rescue?  
**perish**  
vi.　１．丧生，毁灭，消亡；２．（橡胶，皮革等）失去弹性，老化

A: You always dress according to the latest fashion trends.  
B: Well, trends **permeate** quickly these days.  
**permeate**  
v.　１．弥漫，遍布，散布；２．渗入，渗透

A: Is smoking **permissible** in this restaurant?  
B: I’m not sure, you better check with the waiter.  
**permissible**  
a.　可允许的，许可的

A: I have a **perpetual** headache.  
B: You better go to see a doctor about that. It does not sound healthy.  
**perpetual**  
a.　１．永久的，永恒的，长期的；２．无休止的，没完没了的

A: Did you understand the lecture?  
B: No, I was **perplexed**, it was too complicated for me.  
**perplex**  
vt.　使困惑，使费解，使复杂化

A: Too many people have been **persecuted** because of war.  
B: I agree, but unfortunately they continue to be so.  
**persecute**  
vt.　１．迫害，虐待；２．纠缠，骚扰

A: Don’t give up now, you are nearly there.  
B: I intend to **persevere**.  
**persevere**  
vi.　坚持不懈，锲而不舍

A: Every week Simon asks me out on a date.  
B: Gosh, he is very **persistent**.  
**persistent**  
a.　１．坚持不懈的，执意的；２．持续的

A: Do you follow any religion?  
B: I’m of no particular **persuasion** .  
**persuasion**  
n.　１．说服（力），劝说；２．信念，信仰

A: Has the case been closed yet?  
B: No, we are waiting for the documents **pertaining** to the case to arrive.  
**pertain**  
vi. (to)　从属，有关

A: Was the information that I gave you of any use?  
B: Yes, it was **pertinent** , thank you.  
**pertinent**  
a.　有关系的，相关的

A: Do you like dogs?  
B: No, I think they are **pests** .  
**pest**  
n.　１．有害生物，害虫；２．讨厌的人

A: Stop **pestering** me!  
B: Sorry, I did not realize that you were busy.  
**pester**  
vt.　不断打扰，纠缠

A: As a farmer, I do not believe in using **pesticides** .  
B: That is a wise decision, but it must give you a lot of extra work.  
**pesticide**  
n.　沙虫剂，农药

A: Look at the colour of those **petals** .  
B: Oh yes, the flowers are beautiful.  
**petal**  
n.　花瓣

A: Will you please sign my **petition** ?  
B: It depends what it is about.  
**petition**  
n.　请愿书，申请书，诉状  
v.　（向．．．）请愿，正式请求

A: There has been an increase of **petty** crime in my region.  
B: Oh, I heard about the car thefts.  
**petty**  
a.　１．小的，琐碎的，不重要的；２．气量小的，心胸狭窄的

A: Where can I get some medicine for my cold?  
B: In the **pharmacy** , there is one around the corner.  
**pharmacy**  
n.　１．药房，药店；２．药剂学，配药

A: Doctor, I am feeling very ill.  
B: Well, tell me your **physiological** symptoms.  
**physiological**  
a.　生理的，生理学的

A: The post office workers are on **strike** .  
B: Did they set up a picket outside the post office?  
**picket**   
n.　１．（罢工时的）纠察队，纠察队员；２．警戒队，警戒哨  
vt.　１．在．．．设置纠察线；２．派．．．担任纠察，布置（警卫）警戒  
vi.　担任纠察（或警戒哨）

A: The view is exceptionally **picturesque** .  
B: I agree, it is very beautiful.  
**picturesque**  
a.　１．美丽如画的；２．（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的

A: You were gone so long I thought you had fallen off the end of the **pier** .  
B: No, I just stood and watched the boats leave the harbour.  
**pier**  
n.　（伸入水域的）码头，突堤

A: You say your prayers with great **piety** .  
B: I’m quite devoted to my religion.  
**piety** .  
n.　虔诚，虔敬

A: This is a holy site.  
B: How many **pilgrims** does it receive each year?  
**pilgrim**   
n.　１．朝圣者；２．（在国外的）旅行者，漫游者

A: What is your favourite type of fruit?  
B: I think it must be fresh **pineapple** .  
**pineapple**  
n.　凤梨，菠萝

A: Can you **pinpoint** the exact location of the building?  
B: I’ll have to loot at a map.  
**pinpoint**  
vt.　１．准确描述，确定，确认；２．准确地确定．．．的位置  
n.　针尖，尖端  
a.　十分精确的

A: What are you coming as to the fancy dress party?  
B: A **pirate** , and you can be my parrot if you wish.  
**pirate**  
n.　１．非法盗印（或复制）者，侵犯版权者；２．海盗  
vt.　１．以海盗方式抢劫，抢掠；２．盗用，非法盗印（或复制）

A: Do you know how the victim was killed?  
B: He was shot with a **pistol** .  
**pistol**  
n.　手枪

A: The engine has stopped working.  
B: Oh, the **pistons** must have seized.  
**piston**  
n.　活塞

A: I stayed up too late last night and I am now exhausted.  
B: Well, that is one of the major **pitfalls** of staying up late!  
**pitfall**   
n.　１．隐患，易犯的错误；２．陷阱，圈套

A: What was your favourite thing about your visit to Italy?  
B: The **pizza** , it was fantastic.  
**pizza**  
n.　意大利馅饼，比萨饼

A: We are studying about the great **plague** in history class.  
B: Isn’t that also called “The Black Death”?  
**plague**   
n.　１．瘟疫，鼠疫；２．灾难，祸患  
vt.　使痛苦（或难受），给．．．造成困难（或麻烦）

A: Emma is as thick as two **planks** .  
B: Don’t be so cruel, I think she is quite intelligent actually.  
**plank**  
n.　１．厚木板（条）；２．政纲条目，政策要点

A: Was there much damage to your house during the storm?  
B: No, just the **plaster** on the wall was cracked.  
**plaster**  
n.　１．灰浆，灰泥；２．石膏；３．橡皮膏，膏药  
vt.　１．在．．．上抹灰泥，厚厚地涂抹；２．粘贴于，张贴于，贴满

A: Even though we are at a high altitude, I do not feel it.  
B: That is because we are on a **plateau** , it can be deceptive.  
**plateau**  
n.　１．高原；２．（上升厚的）稳定时期（或状态）

A: This time, please me a **plausible** excuse for being late.  
B: Well Sir, I still don’t think that you will believe me.  
**plausible**   
a.似有道理的，似乎正确的，貌似可信的

A: We are sending out a **plea** for donations to our charity.  
B: Oh, I will respond to that.  
**plea**   
n.1.恳求，请求  
2.抗辩，答辩，辩护  
3.借口，托辞

A: Mum, please, please can I stay up late tonight.  
B: Despite how much you **plead** , the answer is still “No”.  
**plead**   
vi.1.恳求，请求  
2.申诉，答辩，辩护  
vt.1.为……辩护  
2.提出……为理由（或借口）

A: He suffered a terrible **plight** during the war.  
B: Yes, his story was horrific.  
**plight**   
n.困境，苦境

A: Could you please **pluck** the feathers off the chicken?  
B: Oh, I hate that job, can someone else do it?  
**pluck**   
vt.1.拔，摘，采  
2.拔除……的毛  
3.弹，拨，弹奏  
vi.(at)拉，拽，拉扯  
n.勇气，胆量，决心

A: These **plums** are delicious.  
B: Yeah, we’ve had a great crop this year.  
**plum**   
n.李子，梅子  
a.待遇好的

A: The taps in the bathroom seem to be stuck again.  
B: Oh, the **plumber** just fixed them last week.  
**plumber**   
n.管子工，水暖工

A: The **plume** on parrots is usually very colourful.  
B: Yes, I particularly like the ones with red feathers.  
**plume**   
n.1.（升上空中的）一缕（烟、尘土等）  
2.羽毛，羽饰

A: Look at that **plump** little puppy.  
B: Oh, he is so cute!  
**plump**   
a.丰满的，胖乎乎的  
vi.1.(down)扑通倒（或坐）下，蓦地摔下  
2.(for)选定  
vt.1.使扑通倒（或坐）下，蓦地摔下  
2.(up)轻轻拍打使（枕头等）变得鼓起来

A: Many houses were **plundered** during the war.  
B: Yes, law and order were broken down.  
**plunder**   
vt.劫掠……的财物，掠夺  
n.1.劫掠物，赃物  
2.劫掠，抢夺

A: That is a nasty cough that you have.  
B: I think it may be **pneumonia** .  
**pneumonia**   
n.肺炎

A: The film was very **poignant** . It showed the horrors of war.  
B: I’m not sure if I’ll be strong enough to watch it.  
**poignant**   
a.令人痛苦的，辛酸的，惨痛的

A: Did Linda give a good presentation at the conference?  
B: Yes, she was full of **poise** and confidence.  
**poise**   
n.1.稳重，镇定  
2.（优美）姿势，姿态  
3.平衡，平稳  
vt.使平衡，使平稳，平稳地拿

A: Stop **poking** me in the sides.  
B: I was just trying to make you laugh!  
**poke**   
vt.1.戳，捅  
2.用……戳（或捅），把……戳向  
3.伸出，突出  
vi.伸出，突出  
n.戳，捅  
**poke about/around**   
搜索，探问  
**poke fun at**   
拿……开玩笑，取笑  
**poke one's nose into**   
探问，干预

A: The weather is so cold it is almost **polar** .  
B: Oh, it is not that bad!  
**polar**   
a.1.地极的，近地极的  
2.磁极的  
3.正好相反的，截然对立的

A: Is your shirt make from cotton?  
B: No, the fabric is man-made, it is **polyester**   
**polyester**   
n.聚脂（纤维），涤纶

A: Wake up and pay attention!  
B: Oh, I was not sleeping, I was just **pondering** on your comments.  
**ponder**   
v.思索，考虑，沉思

A: I got a **pony** for my birthday.  
B: Lucky you! Can I also learn how to ride it?  
**pony**   
n.矮种马，小马

A: Do we have any **popcorn** ?  
B: No, you’ll just have to watch the movie without it.  
**popcorn**   
n.爆玉米花，炒苞米

A: The **Pope** came to visit my country last year.  
B: He must have drawn a large crowd.  
**pope**   
n.\[常the P\_\]（天主教）教皇，罗马主教

A: Is that vase made from **porcelain** ?  
B: No, it is glass.  
**porcelain**   
n.瓷，瓷器

A: Where did you put my umbrella?  
B: In the **porch** to dry.  
**porch**   
n.门廊

A: I had a cold shower to unblock my **pores** .  
B: Yes, I have heard that cold water is good for the skin.  
**pore**   
n.毛孔，细孔  
vi.(over)仔细阅读，审视

A: What do you think this painting is trying to **portray** ?  
B: I’m not sure, let me have another look.  
**portray**   
vt.1.描写，描绘  
2.扮演，饰演

A: Did you read the **postscript** on the letter?  
B: No, I must not have read that far.  
**postscript**   
n.1.（信末签名后的）附言，又及  
2.（正文后的）补充说明

A: You have excellent **posture** .  
B: Thanks, I used to be a dancer.  
**posture**   
n.1.姿势，姿态  
2.看法，态度  
vi.摆出（不自然的）姿势，装模作样

A: You recovered from your illness quickly.  
B: Yes, I took some **potent** medicine.  
**potent**   
a.1.（药等）效力大的，威力大的  
2.强有力的，有说服力的

A: I made this cup and bowl!  
B: Oh, did you take a **pottery** class?  
**pottery**   
n.1.陶器，陶瓷器皿  
2.陶器制造（术）  
3.陶器厂

A: How many chickens do you have on your **poultry** farm.  
B: Too many to count!  
**poultry**   
n.家禽，禽肉

A: Do you think we can overcome the problem?  
B: Well, we must look for a **practicable** solution first.  
**practicable**   
a.可行的，适用的

A: How long have you been a doctor?  
B: I have been a **practitioner** for five years.  
**practitioner**   
n.开业者（尤指医师、律师等）

A: Do you have **prairies** in your country?  
B: No, only large fields.  
**prairie**   
n.（尤指北美的）大草原

A: Does this dish have meat in it?  
B: Well, there are some **prawns** , do you eat fish?  
**prawn**   
n.对虾，明虾

A: Please don’t **peach** to me.  
B: I wasn’t, I was just sharing my opinion.  
**preach**   
vt.1.宣讲（教义），布（道）  
2.竭力鼓吹，宣传  
vi.布道，说教

A: That cliff looks **precarious** .  
B: Yes, so don’t go near it.  
**precarious**   
a.1.不安全的，充满危险的  
2.不牢靠的，不稳固的

A: Drinks will **precede** the main meal.  
B: So where shall we gather first?  
**precede**   
vt.在……之前，先于

A: The case was historic.  
B: Why, did it set a **precedent** ?  
**precedent**   
n.1.先例，范例，判例  
2.惯例

A: Did Mr. Smith win the election?  
B: No, he **precipitated** his downfall long ago.  
**precipitate**   
vt.1.（突如其来地）使发生，促成  
2.使沉淀，使沉析  
n.沉淀物  
a.突如其来的

A: Did the case reach a conclusion?  
B: No, the lack of firm evidence **precluded** a final decision.  
**preclude**   
vt.阻止，排除，妨碍

A: Did you meet your **predecessors** before entering this company?  
B: No, they left before I arrived.  
**predecessor**   
n.1.前任，前辈  
2.（被取代的）原有事物，前身

A: You rarely agree with the majority.  
B: Just because ideas are **predominant** , it does not make them right.  
**predominant**   
a.1.占主导地位的，显著的  
2.（在数量等方面）占优势的，占绝大多数的

A: What is the **prefix** to your local telephone number?  
B: I’m not sure, you better check the phone book.  
**prefix**   
n.1.前缀  
2.（人名前的）称谓  
vi.1.加……作为前缀  
2.把……置于前面

A: What aspect of healthcare does your research focus on?  
B: Early **pregnancy** and female attitudes towards childbirth.  
**pregnancy**   
n.怀孕，怀孕期

A: I was a smaller than average child when I was born.  
B: Why, were you **premature** ?  
**premature**   
a.1.比预期（或正常）时间早的  
2.（做法等）不成熟的，仓促的

A: Who is the **Premier** in your country?  
B: Oh, I can’t remember her name offhand.  
**premier**   
n.总理，首相  
a.首要的，首位的，首次的

A: I’ve rented the **premises** for two years.  
B: Do you think you will move away before then?  
**premise**   
n.1.\[pl.\]（企业、机构等使用的）房屋和地基，经营场址  
2.前提，假设

A: Do you own a car?  
B: No, I can’t afford the insurance **premium** .  
**premium**   
n.1.（投保人向保险公司支付的）保险金  
2.额外费用，加付款  
3.奖品，赠品，额外津贴  
a.1.高级的，优质的  
2.售价高的  
**at a premium**   
1.奇缺的，难得的  
2.以超过一般的价格，以高价  
**put/place a premium on**   
高度评价，重视

A: Did you notice the beautiful sunset last night?  
B: No, I was **preoccupied** with other matters.  
**preoccupy**   
vt.使全神贯注，使入神

A: I can get the medicines I need over the counter?  
B: No, you will have to go to a doctor for a **prescription** .  
**prescription**   
n.1.规定，规定性的东西（如条例、指示、命令等）  
2.处方，药方，（医生开的）药  
3.解救方法，诀窍

A: Who will **preside** over the meeting?  
B: Probably the president of the organization.  
**preside**   
vi.(at,over)主持，主管

A: I studied at the top university in my country.  
B: That must bring a lot of **prestige** .  
**prestige**   
n.威信，威望

A: You can **presume** I will be late for the meeting.  
B: I will, you are always late  
**presume**   
vt.1.推测，假定，（没有证据地）相信  
2.冒昧（做），擅（做）  
3.认定，推定  
vi.擅自行事  
**presume on**   
（不正当地）利用

A: Do you get along well with David?  
B: No, he is far too **pretentious** and is always promoting himself.  
**pretentious**   
a.自命不凡的，自负的，炫耀的

A: I left school under the **pretext** that I had been offered a good job.  
B: And do you now think it was a wise decision?  
**pretext**   
n.借口，托词

A: The prevalent ideas are always the most popular.  
B: That is why they are the **prevalent** idea, silly!  
**prevalent**   
a.流行的，普遍的

A: I think I have seen the film that you mentioned.  
B: You can’t have. It has not even been **previewed** yet.  
**preview**   
n.1.（电影、戏剧等的）预映，预演，预先审查（或检查）  
2.（电影等的）预告（片）

A: That is a huge bird.  
B: Yes, it must be some type of bird of **prey** , perhaps an eagle.  
**prey**   
n.1.被捕食的动物，捕获物  
2.受害者  
v.1.(on)捕食  
2.折磨，使烦恼  
**fall prey to**   
成为……的牺牲品，深受……之害

A: You are bleeding!  
B: Oh, it is not serious, I just **pricked** my thumb on a needle.  
**prick**   
vt.1.刺，扎，戳  
2.刺痕，刺痛  
3.使内心极度痛苦  
vi.引起（或感到）刺痛  
n.1.刺，扎，戳  
2.刺痛  
3.刺痕，刺孔  
**prick up one's ears**   
（使）竖起耳朵注意听，（使）立刻注意起来

A: Do you like sharing a room with your sister?  
B: No, I would prefer my own **privacy** .  
**privacy**   
n.1.（不受干扰的）个人自由  
2.隐私，私生活，私事

A: What is the **probability** of rain today?  
B: Well, considering that it rains almost everyday here, I think the chances are quite high.  
**probability**   
n.1.可能性，可能发生的事  
2.概率  
**in all probability**   
十有八九，很可能

A: Was Gerard released from prison yet?  
B: Yes, but just on **probation** at first.  
**probation**   
n.1.缓刑（期），（以观后效的）察看  
2.试用（期），试读（期）

A: Stop **probing** into my affairs, they are personal.  
B: Sorry, I was just curious.  
**probe**   
v.1.探索，查究，调查  
2.用探针（或探测器等）探查，探测  
n.1.探针，探测器  
2.探索，调查

A: Did you follow the **proceeding** of the case on the news?  
B: Yes, and it was a fascinating trial.  
**proceedings**   
n.1.进程，过程，议程  
2.诉讼，诉讼程序  
3.会议录，公报

A: He **proclaimed** that he was the most famous man on the earth.  
B: People must have thought he was mad!  
**proclaim**   
vt.1.宣告，宣布，声明  
2.显示

A: Irene started playing the piano then she was just two.  
B: She must have been a **prodigy** .  
**prodigy**   
n.奇才，天才（尤指神童）

A: Did you have a **productive** day?  
B: Yes, I did lots of work that I did not think I would get done.  
**productive**   
a.1.多产的，富饶的  
2.富有成效的

A: We have doubled the **productivity** of the factory in two years.  
B: Wow, you all must have worked very hard.  
**productivity**   
n.生产力，生产率

A: I must **profess** my satisfaction with your work.  
B: I am glad that you are pleased with my efforts.  
**profess**   
vt.1.表示，承认  
2.宣称信仰

A: What level of **proficiency** have you reached in French?  
B: Oh, I am just a beginner.  
**proficiency**   
n.熟练，精通

A: I have to close sown my business.  
B: Why, I thought it was **profitable** .  
**profitable**   
a.有利可图的，有益的

A: That was a **profound** book.  
B: Yes, it made me think a great deal about the issues being discussed.  
**profound**   
a.1.深度的，深切的，深远的  
2.知识渊博的，见解深刻的  
3.深奥的

A: His ideas **proliferated** rapidly through the country.  
B: Yes, he got a lot of help from the national press and media.  
**proliferate**   
vi.激增，扩散，（迅速）繁殖，增生

A: I am developing a new drug to help **prolong** life.  
B: I know a drug already, it is called exercise!  
**prolong**   
vt.延长，拉长，拖延

A: You have a very **promising** career ahead of you.  
B: And I have you to thank for starting me off.  
**promising**   
a.有希望的，有前途的

A: You have a bad cold again.  
B: Yes, I have been terribly **prone** to illness this winter.  
**prone**   
a.1.(to)易于……的，很可能……的  
2.俯卧的

A: The window will not stay open.  
B: Here, **prop** it up with this stick.  
**prop**   
vt.支撑  
n.1.支柱，支撑物  
2.支持者，后盾，靠山  
**prop up**   
支持，资助

A: How was the government **propaganda** disseminated?  
B: Through the newspapers and the TV.  
**propaganda**   
n.宣传

A: Did you grow all of these plants from seed?  
B: Yes, I **propagated** them indoors.  
**propagate**   
vt.1.繁殖，增殖  
2.传播，宣传，使普及  
vi.繁殖，增殖

A: Rebecca is a great tennis player.  
B: Yes, she is able to **propel** the ball through the air at great speed.  
**propel**   
vt.1.推进，推动  
2.激励，驱使

A: Do you believe in **prophecy** ?  
B: No, I just live each day as it comes.  
**prophecy**   
n.预言，预言能力

A: Who founded your religion?  
B: A **prophet** from Iran.  
**prophet**   
n.1.先知  
2.预言者

A: Vivienne, I have a **proposition** for you.  
B: Go ahead, I am eager to hear it.  
**proposition**   
n.1.论点，主张  
2.建议，提案  
3.命题

A: Do you write only poetry?  
B: No, I write some **prose** as well, mainly short stories.  
**prose**   
n.散文

A: Was the thief arrested?  
B: Yes, and he was **prosecuted** in the court yesterday.  
**prosecute**   
vt.1.对……提起公诉，告发，检举  
2.继续从事  
vi.起诉，告发

A: Did you meet your **prospective** employer yet?  
B: I will when I start work on Monday.  
**prospective**   
a.预期的，未来的，可能的

A: They **prospered** when they moved to another country.  
B: I ma glad to hear that they have done well.  
**prosper**   
vi.兴旺，繁荣，成功

A: Are you a Christian?  
B: Yes, I am a **protestant** .  
**Protestant**   
n.新教徒  
a.新教徒的

A: Did the factory manufacture your car design?  
B: No, they will make a **prototype** first and then see how it works.  
**prototype**   
n.原型

A: Do you know any old **proverbs** ?  
B: No, I have a terrible memory.  
**proverb**   
n.谚语，俗语，格言

A: James is always making **provocative** statements.  
B: Oh, he is just trying to attract attention.  
**provocative**   
a.1.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的  
2.挑逗的

A: I live in close **proximity** to my university.  
B: Oh, that must be very convenient.  
**proximity**   
n.接近，邻近

A: Mr. Evans is always quite **prudent** with his comments.  
B: Well, he does not want to offend, and so must be careful with what he says.  
**prudent**   
a.审慎的，小心谨慎的

A: I have been in the bath for too long.  
B: Now you look like a **prune** .  
**prune**   
n.1.洋李，李子  
2.修剪，修整  
3.删除，削减

A: Stop reading my letters!  
B: Oh, I wasn’t intending to **pry** , but you just left them on my desk.  
**pry**   
vi.窥探，刺探，打听  
vt.1.撬动，撬开，撬起  
2.费力地得到，使劲分开

A: I think Chris is suffering from mental illness.  
B: Yes, I think he needs to see a **psychiatrist** .  
**psychiatrist**   
n.精神科医生，精神病专家

A: What’s for **pudding** , Dad?  
B: Would you like some ice-cream?  
**pudding**   
n.布丁

A: Be careful! Don’t step in the **puddle** .  
B: Oh, I did not see it , thanks.  
**puddle**   
n.（雨）水坑，泥潭

A: Have you ever smoked a cigarette?  
B: I just had a **puff** once.  
**puff**   
vi.1.喘气，喘息  
2.一口一口地抽烟（或喷烟）  
3.喷着烟（或蒸汽）移动  
vt.1.边喷边吸（烟），抽（烟）  
2.喷出，使一阵阵吹（或喷）  
n.1.（抽）一口烟，（空气、烟雾等的）一股  
2.喘气，喘息  
**puff out**   
使膨胀，使肿胀  
**puff up**   
肿起，肿胀，傲慢，自负，趾高气扬，盛气凌人

A: There is no need to beat the mixture to a **pulp** !  
B: Oh, sorry, I wasn’t paying attention.  
**pulp**   
n.1.果泥，菜泥，酱  
2.果肉，瓜瓤，植物的肉质部分  
3.纸浆  
4.低级书刊  
a.低级的  
vt.使成浆状

A: Would you like some **pumpkin** for dinner?  
B: I would prefer some potatoes please.  
**pumpkin**   
n.南瓜

A: Lisa enjoys playing with **puppets** .  
B: So I noticed, but their strings keep knotting.  
**puppet**   
n.1.木偶  
2.傀儡，受人操纵的人（或集团）

A: My dog had a litter of **puppies** last week.  
B: Oh how cute, how many were in it?  
**puppy**   
n.小狗，幼犬

A: Was your book published?  
B: Yes, after it had been **purged** of all the interesting material.  
**purge**   
vt.清洗，清除，使净化  
n.1.清洗，清除异己  
2.泻药

A: You drink a lot of water every day.  
B: Yes, it helps to **purify** my body.  
**purify**   
vt.1.使纯净，提纯  
2.使纯洁

A: You are a picture of **purity** in that dress!  
B: Thanks, I will take it as a compliment.  
**purity**   
n.纯净，纯洁，纯正

A: Why are you going to Africa?  
B: I’m in **pursuit** of my dreams.  
**pursuit**   
n.1.追求，寻求  
2.追赶，追逐  
3.\[常pl.\]（花时间和精力的）事，嗜好，消遣  
**in hot pursuit**   
穷追不舍

A: I am very interested in Egyptian history.  
B: Yes, the **pyramids** fascinate me!  
**pyramid**   
n.1.金字塔  
2.金字塔形结构  
3.锥状物，棱锥状的一堆东西

**Q**

A: Your town is **quaint** .  
B: I think it is too small.  
**quaint**  
a. 奇特而有趣的，古色古香的

A: I am conducting **qualitative** research into the factors affecting female education rates in schools.  
B: Sounds fascinating, tell me more.  
**qualitative**  
a.　（性）质的，质量的，定性的

A: How would you rate your performance in the exam?  
B: At this stage it is too difficult to **quantify** .  
**quantify**  
vt.　确定．．．的数量，量化

A: My research is mainly **quantitative** .  
B: Oh, I have never had a head for figures myself.  
**quantitative**  
a.　（数）量的，定量的

A: How much water should we bring on our camping trip?  
B: Oh, perhaps six **quarts** .  
**quart**  
n.　夸脱

A: Is your magazine published every month?  
B: No, it is a **quarterly** .  
**quarterly**  
a.　季度的，每季一次的  
ad.　按季度，一季一次  
n.　季刊

A: What is that unusual stone?  
B: I think it must be **quartz** .  
**quartz**  
n. 石英

A: The boat will leave the **quay** at ten o’clock.  
B: OK, I’ll make sure I will be there on time.  
**quay**  
n.　码头

A: That was a **queer** event.  
B: Yes, I thought it was a little strange also.  
**queer**  
a.　１．奇怪的，异常的；２．不舒服的，眩晕的

A: I’m so thirsty!  
B: Here is a drink to **quench** your thirst.  
**quench**  
vt.　止（渴），扑灭（火焰）

A: Excuse me, Sir, I have a **query** .  
B: You can ask questions later.  
**query**  
n.　问题，疑问，询问  
v.　１．对．．．表示疑问；２．问，询问

A: Where are you going?  
B: I’m on a **quest** to find some hidden treasure!  
**quest**   
n. 寻求，搜索，追求

A: Excuse me, do you have a few moments to fill in this **questionnaire** ?  
B: Sorry, I am busy right now.  
**questionnaire**  
n.　（做统计或调查用的）问卷，征求意见表

A: Is that a new **quilt** you have on your bed?  
B: Yes, my grandmother knitted it.  
**quilt**  
n.　被子

A: Why are you **quivering** , it is not cold.  
B: Oh, I think it is freezing!  
**quiver**  
vi.　颤抖，发抖，抖动  
n.　颤抖，抖动，颤声

A: Would you like another chocolate bar?  
B: No thanks, I’ve had my **quota** for this week!  
**quota**   
n.　定额，限额，配额

**R**

A: I’m taking part in a march against **racism**.  
B: Great, I hope that it helps the various different nationalities in the country.  
**racism**  
n.1.种族歧视，种族偏见; 2.种族主义

A: Would you like to have a game of tennis?  
B: I’d love to, but I don’t have a **racket.**  
**racket**  
n.1.喧嚷，吵闹; 2.敲诈，勒索，诈骗; 3.（网球等的）球拍

A: You look **radiant** tonight.  
B: Thanks for the compliment.  
**radiant**  
a.1.容光焕发的，喜形于色的; 2.光芒四射的，光辉灿烂的; 3.辐射的

A: Wow, the weather was hot today.  
B: Yes, the sun **radiated** great heat.  
**radiate**  
v.1.发出（光或热），辐射; 2.流露，显示

A: I heard that **radioactive** waste was dumped into the sea.  
B: I know, isn’t it shocking?  
**radioactive**  
a.放射性的，有辐射能的

A: I want to rent a house within two mile **radius** of my workplace.  
B: That is a sensible decision.  
**radius**  
n.1.半径，半径范围; 2.周围，范围

A: Did you buy a new computer?  
B: No, I won it in a **raffle**.  
**raffle**  
n.对奖售物，抽彩  
vt.(off)用对奖办法出售

A: How did you travel down the river?  
B: We built a **raft** and floated down it.  
**raft**  
n.1.木排，木筏; 2.充气救生筏，救生圈  
vt.用筏子运送  
vi.乘筏子渡河

A: Did you climb to the top of the mountain?  
B: No, the cliffs were too **ragged** and dangerous to climb.  
**ragged**  
a.1.（衣服）破旧的，褴褛的; 2.衣衫褴褛的; 3.不规则的，参差不齐的，凸凹不平的;  
4.粗糙的，不完善的，差劲的

A: I want to do some gardening, did you see the **rake**?  
B: Yes, it is in the garage.  
**rake**  
n.1.耙，草耙，钉齿耙; 2.斜度，倾角  
vi.1.耙 ; 2.搜索，核查  
vt.1.耙集，耙平，耙松; 2.扫射，扫过  
**rake in**  
大量敛集（钱财）  
**rake up**  
1.耙集，集拢，耙开，扒开; 2.翻出（旧事等）重提

A: I am constructing a **ramp** to avoid the steps up to my building.  
B: Good, that will take it accessible to wheelchairs.  
**ramp**  
n.1.斜面，坡道; 2.活动舷梯，轻便梯

A: The rats are **rampant** on my farm.  
B: Why don’t you get a cat to kill them?  
**rampant**  
a.1.（犯罪、疾病等）猖獗的，肆虐的; 2.（植物）蔓生的，过于繁茂的

A: How many horses do you have on your **ranch**?  
B: Oh, I have both trained and wild horses, but I’m not sure how many.  
**ranch**  
n.1.大牧场; 2.饲养场

A: You were lucky to get into this university.  
B: I was indeed lucky, I chose it at **random**.  
**random**  
a.任意的，随机的  
**at random**  
随便的，任意的

A: Do you enjoy being a park **ranger**?  
B: Oh yes, I love the outdoors.  
**ranger**  
n.1.国家公园管理员，护林员; 2.骑兵巡逻队员

A: My boss was kidnapped!  
B: Was he held for **ransom**?  
**ransom**  
n.赎金  
vt.赎出，赎回  
**hold sb to ransom**  
掳某人索赎，要挟某人

A: Can you make a song out of your poem?  
B: No, but I could try to **rap** it.  
**rap**  
vt.1.（轻而快地）敲击，急敲; 2.(out)突然厉声说出; 3.责备，训斥  
n.（轻快的）敲击（声），急敲（声）

A: For what offence was the criminal convicted?  
B: He was convicted for two counts of **rape**.  
**rape**  
vt./n.强奸

A: I didn’t realize that you were going to move house.  
B: I didn’t either until yesterday, it was a **rash** decision.  
**rash**  
a.轻率的，鲁莽的  
n.1.疹，皮疹; 2.（短时期内）爆发的一连串

A: Has the government **ratified** the international treaty?  
B: Not yet, they are still consulting with other nations about it.  
**ratify**  
vt.正式批准，使正式生效，认可

A: My novel made it into the top ten books of the year.  
B: Well done, that is an excellent **rating**.  
**rating**  
n.1.等级，品级，评定结果; 2.\[pl.\]（电视节目的）收视率，（广播节目的）收听率

A: Would you like another cup of coffee?  
B: No thanks, I’ve had my **ration** for the day.  
**ration**  
n.1.配给量，定量; 2.\[常pl.\]给养，口粮  
vt.配给供应，定量供应

A: The car **rattles** every time we drive over a bump.  
B: Perhaps you should get it fixed.  
**rattle**  
vi.1.发格格声，发连续短促的尖叫声; 2.飞奔，咯嚓咯嚓地行进  
vt.1.使碰撞作响，使发出连续短促的尖叫声 ; 2.使窘迫不安，激怒，使恐惧惊慌  
n.1.连续短促的尖叫声，碰撞声; 2.连续发声的玩具，拨浪鼓  
**rattle off**  
飞快地说出  
**rattle on**  
1.飞奔; 2.喋喋不休地讲话

A: Michael simply **raved** about this film.  
B: I don’t know why, I think it is terrible.  
**rave**  
vi.1.胡言乱语，说胡话; 2.(about)极力赞美  
a.赞扬（性）的

A: Why didn’t you shave today?  
B: I ran out of **razors**.  
**razor**  
n.剃刀

A: You have a good crop of this year.  
B: Yes, we **reaped** a good one alright.  
**reap**  
vt.1.收割，收获  
2.获得，得到

A: Please don’t forget to give me back my book.  
B: I **reassure** you again, I’ll have it back to you by the end of the week.  
**reassure**  
vt.向……再保证，使消除疑虑，使放心

A: Did you hear about the **rebellion** in the Congo?  
B: No, what were the rebels fighting against?  
**rebellion**  
n.反叛，反抗

A: My father **rebuked** me for breaking window.  
B: Well, he has every right to be upset.  
**rebuke**  
n.指责，训斥

A: Do you remember my tenth birthday?  
B: I’m sorry, the occasion seems to have **receded** from my memory.  
**recede**  
vi.1.退，退去，渐渐远去; 2.向后倾斜，缩进

A: The students at the lecture were very attentive.  
B: Yes, they are always **receptive** to new ideas.  
**receptive**  
a.（对知识、思想等）接受能力强的，能迅速接受的

A: What time is your **recess** at?  
B: We have lunch at 12:30 every day.  
**recess**  
n.1.（工作等）暂停，休息，休庭; 2.课间休息 ; 3.凹处，凹室，壁龛; 4.\[常pl.\]深处，幽深处，隐秘处  
vi.暂停，休会，休庭

A: This cake is fantastic. Can I have the **recipe**?  
B: I’m sorry, the ingredients are a secret  
**recipe**  
n.1.烹饪法，食谱  
2.方法，秘诀，诀窍

A: Elaine was one of the top students in the university.  
B: Yes, I heard that she was the **recipient** of the “Student of the Year” award.  
**recipient**  
n.接受者，接收者

A: Mr. Clancy highly respects you.  
B: Well, we have **reciprocal** respect for each other, I think he is a wonderful man.  
**reciprocal**  
a.相互的，互惠的

A: Can you **recite** any poems form your memory?  
B: I wish that I could, but I have a terrible memory.  
**recite**  
vt.1.背诵，朗诵; 2.列举，一一说出  
vi.背诵，朗诵

A: Tim is a **reckless** and dangerous driver.  
B: I know, I keep telling him that he will have an accident one day.  
**reckless**  
a.鲁莽的，草率的，不考虑后果的

A: Most of Holland is **reclaimed** from the sea.  
B: Yes, that is why they are so worried about flooding.  
**reclaim**  
vt.1.改正，改造; 2.开垦（荒地），开拓; 3.回收;4.要求（或主张）收回，要求（或主张）恢复

A: Are you and Mary friends again?  
B: Yes, we **reconciled** our differences.  
**reconcile**  
vt.1.使协调; 2.使和解; 3.(to)使顺从（于），使甘心（于）

A: Have they reached **reconciliation** yet?  
B: No, they are still fighting over the terms of their relationship.  
**reconciliation**  
n.和解，调和

A: How many sides does a **rectangle** have?  
B: Four, Sir.  
**rectangle**  
n.长方形，矩形

A: Car you describe you bedroom to me?  
B: Well, it is **rectangular** in shape and is painted bright yellow.  
**rectangular**  
a.长方形的，矩形的

A: Dad, I’ve made a serious mistake.  
B: Don’t worry, I’m sure we can **rectify** the situation.  
**rectify**  
vt.纠正，修复

A: Doctor, I have a **recurring** dream.  
B: Do you mean that you have the same dream every night?  
**recur**  
vi.再发生，重现

A: Please don’t put the paper in the rubbish bin, I will **recycle** it.  
B: Oh, of course, it is a good idea to use it again.  
**recycle**  
vt.回收利用（废物等）

A: I sold you watch.  
B: Oh no, I want it back, can it be **redeemed**?  
**redeem**  
vt.1.弥补，补偿，抵消  
2.解救，救赎  
3.(oneself)使免咎，挽回声誉  
4.履行，遵守（诺言）  
5.将（股票、债券等）兑取现金  
6.赎回（抵押品）

A: I have some bad news, I was made **redundant**.  
B: Oh no, why did you lose your job?  
**redundant**  
a.1.（因人员过剩而）被解雇的; 2.多余的，过剩的

A: We were fishing, but our boat got caught in some **reeds**.  
B: How did you manage to get out of them?  
**reed**  
n.1.芦苇，芦丛  
2.簧舌，簧片

A: I would love to go diving off the coast of Australia.  
B: Me too, I have heard that the **reefs** are incredible.  
**reef**  
n.礁，暗礁

A: Did you catch any fish?  
B: No, I had one, but it was so heavy it broke my **reel**.  
**reel**  
n.卷轴，卷筒，卷盘  
vi.1.摇摇晃晃地移动，蹒跚; 2.眩晕，发昏  
vt. (in,up)卷，绕  
**reel off**  
一口气说，重复

A: That was a foul.  
B: No, is wasn’t. Where is the **referee**? He’ll decide.  
**referee**  
n.1.裁判员; 2.证明人，推荐人 ; 3.仲裁者，调解者  
v.当裁判

A: Do you know all the words to the song?  
B: Not all of them, only the **refrain**.  
**refrain**  
vt.(from)抑制，克制，戒除  
n.（诗歌的）叠句，副歌

A: Will there be any **refreshments** at the party?  
B: I am sure that there will at least be some drinks.  
**refreshment**  
n.1.\[pl.\]茶点，点心 ; 2.（精力的）恢复，精神爽快

A: Did you find a place to sleep for the night in the mountains?  
B: Yes, we found **refuge** in a cave.  
**refuge**  
n.庇护所，避难处，庇护

A: My new coat does not fit me.  
B: Will you be able to get a refund if you take it back to the shop?  
**refund**  
n.退款  
vt.退还（钱款）

A: During the debate he **refuted** all of my arguments.  
B: I hope that you also proved some of his arguments were wrong.  
**refute**  
vt.驳斥，驳倒

A: What’s their form of government?  
B: It is a military **regime**.  
**regime**  
n.政治制度，政权

A: There is a new **regiment** of army troops in the city.  
B: Oh, where are they based?  
**regiment**  
n.1.（军队的）团 ; 2.大量  
vt.严格地管制，严密地编组

A: Mathew rehabilitated quickly following the accident.  
B: Yes, he made a speedy recovery.  
**rehabilitate**  
vt.1.改造（罪犯等），使恢复正常生活; 2.使恢复原状，修复 ; 3.恢复……的名誉

A: Is this the opening night of your performance?  
B: No, it is just the final **rehearsal**.  
**rehearsal**  
n.排练，排演

A: How long has the King **reigned**?  
B: Perhaps he has been the king for too long!  
**reign**  
n.君主的统治，君主统治时期  
vi.1.当政，统治 ; 2.占主导地位

A: I lost control of the horse.  
B: What happened? Did you let go of the **reins**?  
**rein**  
n.缰绳  
vt.勒缰使（马）停步  
**rein in**  
严格控制，严加管束  
**give (free) rein to**  
对……不加约束，放任，给……充分自由

A: My wife just gave birth to a baby boy.  
B: **Rejoice**! That is great news.  
**rejoice**  
vi.感到高兴，充满喜悦

A: I dropped the baton during the **relay** race.  
B: It’s OK, Your team members caught up quickly.  
**relay**  
n.1.接力赛 ; 2.中继转播（设备）  
vt.1.传送，传达，转述; 2.中继转播

A: Did you get promoted to a higher position in the army?  
B: No, I was actually **relegated** to a lower rank.  
**relegate**  
vt.使降级，使降职

A: My efforts as a mother are **relentless**.  
B: Yes, you never get a break.  
**relentless**  
a.残酷的，不留情的，无怜悯心的

A: My car is always breaking down.  
B: That make of car is not known for its **reliance**.  
**reliance**  
n.依靠，依赖

A: Did you see the **relics** in the museum?  
B: Yes, they were old and beautiful.  
**relics**  
n.1.遗物，遗迹，遗产  
2.遗体，尸骸

A: He ate his meal with great **relish**.  
B: He must have been hungry.  
**relish**  
vt.享受，从……中获得乐趣  
n.1.（美食等的）享受，滋味，乐趣; 2.调味品

A: What shall I do with the **remainder** of the cake?  
B: Oh, put it in the fridge, I shall save it for later.  
**remainder**  
n.余下的部分，剩下的人数

A: Looking at these old photos brings tears to my eyes.  
B: Yes, they are **reminiscent** of old times.  
**reminiscent**  
a.1.(of)使人想起……的 ; 2.怀旧的，缅怀往事的

A: Did you get a new carpet?  
B: Yes, but it was just a **remnant**, so it was cheap.  
**remnant**  
n.残留部分

A: Did you hear the tragic news?  
B: Yes, and it filled me with **remorse** and sadness.  
**remorse**  
n.痛恨，悔恨，自责

A: I am very interested in **Renaissance** art and music.  
B: Yes, it was a fascinating time in history.  
**renaissance**  
n.1.\[the R\_\]（欧洲14至16世纪的）文学复兴，文艺复兴时期; 2.（文学、艺术等的）复兴，再生

A: Harold **renounced** his own son.  
B: Gosh, what did his son do that was so bad?  
**renounce**  
vt.1.声明放弃，抛弃 ; 2.宣布中止

A: When will you move into the old cottage?  
B: Well, I have to **renovate** it first and then it will be ready.  
**renovate**  
vt.修复，整修……如新，革新，更新

A: My brother is a **renowned** pianist.  
B: Oh, what is his name? I’m sure that I have heard of him.  
**renown**  
n.名望，声誉

A: Would you like to come on holidays with me?  
B: I’d love to, but I have too much many debts to **repay** and I can’t afford it.  
**repay**  
vt.1.归还（款项） ; 2.报答 ; 3.报复

A: Did you get a loan from the bank?  
B: No, it was **repealed** at the last minute.  
**repeal**  
vt.废止，撤消

A: Water and oil **repel** each other.  
B: Funny, they usually say that opposites attract.  
**repel**  
vt.1.使厌恶; 2.击退，逐回，驱除; 3.排斥

A: Were their any **repercussions** to your actions?  
B: There were no consequences, as far as I am aware.  
**repercussion**  
n.\[常pl.\]（不良的）影响，反响，后果

A: Do you know any more songs?  
B: No, I have just exhausted my **repertoire**.  
**repertoire**  
n.（剧团、演员等的）全部节目，全部本领，全部功能

A: **Repression** of emotion is not healthy.  
B: But I find it difficult to express myself.  
**repression**  
n.压抑，压制，镇压

A: Has there been **reprisal** in the war yet?  
B: No, both sides are still fighting.  
**reprisal**  
n.报复，报复行动

A: My mother **reproached** me for not attending school.  
B: Well, I’m sure that she only did it for your own benefit.  
**reproach**  
n./vt.责备，批评

A: Would you like to come to the zoo with me?  
B: So long as we can visit the **reptile** house, I love snakes  
**reptile**  
n.爬行动物

A: Are you sure that you are twins? I don’t see the **resemblance**.  
B: Oh, we are twins, but not identical twins.  
**resemblance**  
n.相似，形似

A: I **resent** the fact that I was sent to boarding school.  
B: But at least you received a good education.  
**resent**  
vt.对……表示忿恨，怨恨

A: In which part of the city do you live?  
B: I currently **reside** on the east side.  
**reside**  
vi.1.居住，定居 ; 2.（in）（性质等）存在，在于

A: Do you live in the centre of the city?  
B: No, in a **residential** area in the suburbs.  
**residential**  
a.1.居住的，住宅的; 2.（学生）寄宿的，（须）住宿在任所的

A: The event held great **resonance** with me.  
B: It was an important event for me also.  
**resonance**  
n.1.回声，反响，洪亮 ; 2.共鸣，共振

A: Was there any change in his behaviour after taking the medicine?  
B: No, there were no visible changers in his **resultant** behaviour.  
**resultant**  
a.作为结果的，因而发生的

A: I’m not giving in until you **retaliate**.  
B: Never! I will not give up!  
**retaliate**  
vi.报复

A: His motor skills were **retarded** following the accident.  
B: Yes, it is just a shame that he was so badly affected.  
**retarded**  
a.智力迟钝的，智力发育迟缓的

A: Do you easily remember telephone numbers?  
B: No, my memory **retention** is every bad.  
**retention**  
n.保留，保持

A: Did he reply to your comment?  
B: Yes, but he **retorted** in a very sharp manner.  
**retort**  
n.反驳，回嘴

A: OH no, my hat has fallen into the river!  
B: It’s Ok. I think I’ll be able to **retrieve** it.  
**retrieve**  
vt.1.重新得到，取回，收回;2.挽回，补救;3.检索

A: Did you enjoy your year abroad?  
B: At the time it was difficult, but in **retrospect** I think I learned a lot.  
**retrospect**  
n.回顾  
**in retrospect**  
回想起来，事后看来

A: We are having a family **reunion** next week.  
B: Oh, how long has it been since you saw your aunts and uncles?  
**reunion**  
n.1.重聚，团聚  
2.（久别后的）聚会，联谊活动

A: I have just had a major **revelation**!  
B: Don’t tell me you have decided what you are going to do for the rest of your life!  
**revelation**  
n.1.被揭示的真相，（惊人的）新发现  
2.揭示，透露，显示

A: I am sorry that you lost the tennis match.  
B: Oh, I will seek **revenge** next time!  
**revenge**  
n.报复，报仇  
vt.为……报仇，报……之仇

A: He **revere** me, I don’t know why.  
B: Well, you are a great and kind person, that is why!  
**revere**  
vt.尊崇，崇敬，敬畏

A: Are you ready for the exam?  
B: No, I haven’t done enough **revision**.  
**revision**  
n.1.修订，修改，修正;2.修订本，修订版; 3.复习，温习

A: The man drowned in the water!  
B: Oh, I thought that he was **revived** just in time.  
**revive**  
vt.使复苏  
vi.恢复

A: His position in the government was **revoked** when he committed the crime.  
B: Well, a person like that does not deserve such a high position.  
**revoke**  
vt.撤销，取消，废除

A: My essay **revolved** around three central ideas.  
B: Oh, can you explain them to me please?  
**revolve**  
vt.旋转  
**revolve around**  
以……为主要内容

A: Did the conference produce some good actions?  
B: No, it just rested at he level of **rhetoric**, the participants were all talk.  
**rhetoric**  
n.1.雄辩言辞，虚夸的言辞; 2.修辞学

A: Does your poem **rhyme**?  
B: No, I just wrote it in blank verse.  
**rhyme**  
n.1.韵，押韵; 2.同韵词，押韵词  
vi.押韵，用韵  
vt.使成韵，用……押韵

A: I have a **riddle** for you.  
B: Oh, I’m not clever enough for your riddles!  
**riddle**  
n.1.谜（语） ; 2.猜不透的难题，难解之迷 ; 3.粗筛，格筛  
vt.1.（用粗筛）筛 ; 2.把……打得满是窟窿，把……弄得处处穿孔

A: Let’s set sail on the boat now.  
B: No, we have to **rig** it up properly first.  
**rig**  
vt.1.（用不正当手段）操纵，垄断; 2.给（船、桅杆）装配帆及索具; 3.(up)用临时替代材料迅速搭起  
n.1.船桅（或船帆等）的装置; 2.成套器械

A: Did you enjoy your morning at the gym?  
B: Well, it was **rigorous**, but good exercise.  
**rigorous**  
a.1.严密的，缜密的  
2.严格的，严厉的

A: The **rim** on this cup is chipped.  
B: Oh, I let it fall earlier and it broke.  
**rim**  
n.（圆形物体的）边，缘  
vt.环绕（圆形或环形物的）边缘

A: I have not used those plates for a long time.  
B: I’ll just give them a quick **rinse** then to wash off the dust.  
**rinse**  
v.1.漂洗，冲洗  
2.用清水漂洗掉（肥皂沫等）  
n.1.漂洗，冲洗  
2.染发剂

A: Oh no, I **ripped** my jeans.  
B: Don’t worry. I’ll be able to mend them.  
**rip**  
v.扯破，撕坏  
n.裂口，裂缝  
**rip into**  
猛攻，猛击

A: I comb my hair 100 times a day.  
B: That sounds like a **ritual**  
**ritual**  
n.1.（宗教等的）仪式  
2.例行公事，老规矩  
a.1.作为仪式一部分的  
2.例行的

A: Is there any **rivalry** between you and your brothers?  
B: No, we all get along very well.  
**rivalry**  
n.竞争，竞赛，对抗

A: What did you do in the city last night?  
B: Oh, I just **roamed** around looking at the shops.  
**roam**  
v.随便走，漫步，漫游

A: Why are you wearing a **robe**?  
B: I’m pretending to be a king!  
**robe**  
n.1.长袍，礼服，法衣  
2.睡袍，浴衣  
v.（使）穿上长袍（或浴衣等）

A: That horse is **robust** and healthy.  
B: Yes, he is a strong one indeed.  
**robust**  
a.强壮的，健康的

A: Have you had any **romance** recently?  
B: No, I don’t have a girlfriend.  
**romance**  
n.1.恋爱，恋爱关系  
2.浪漫气愤，传奇色彩  
3.爱情小说，传奇故事

A: Did you buy the old table?  
B: No, we realized that the legs were **rotting**.  
**rot**  
v.（使）腐烂，（使）腐朽  
n.腐烂，腐朽

A: This machine is not working.  
B: Oh, the **rotary** blades must have jammed.  
**rotary**  
a.旋转的，转动的

A: You have **rouge** lips.  
B: That is because I’m wearing red lipstick.  
**rouge**  
n.胭脂  
vt.用胭脂擦

A: Excuse me, but could you tell me how I get to the nearest police station?  
B: Certainly, go straight through the next **roundabout** and it is on your left.  
**roundabout**  
n.1.绕行线路，绕道，环状交叉路  
2.旋转木马  
a.绕道的，绕圈子的，不直截了当的

A: What did you do with the **royalties** from your book?  
B: I invested the money in my education.  
**royalty**  
n.1.王族（成员）  
2.\[常pl.\]（著作的）版税

A: What type of stone is in your necklace?  
B: I think that it is a **ruby**.  
**ruby**  
n.红宝石，红宝石色

A: The sheets on the bed are all **ruffled**, were you sleeping?  
B: No, I was just jumping on the bed  
**ruffle**  
v.1.弄皱，弄乱  
2.激怒，扰乱  
n.褶裥饰边

A: Have you ever been to a **rugby** match?  
B: No, just to a football match.  
**rugby**  
n.橄榄球

A: Oh, my stomach is **rumbling**!  
B: You better have something to eat.  
**rumble**  
vi.1.发隆隆声，发辘辘声  
2.隆隆地行进，发辘辘声行进  
3.闹嚷，使人不得安宁  
vt.察觉，看穿，识破  
n.隆隆声，辘辘声

A: What are you **rummaging** in your bag for?  
B: I lost my keys.  
**rummage**  
vi./n.翻找，搜寻

A: Has the plane taken off yet?  
B: No, it is still on the **runway**.  
**runway**  
n.（机场的）跑道

A: The flood **ruptured** the river-banks.  
B: Oh, I did not realize it was that serious.  
**rupture**  
n.1.破裂，裂开  
2.（关系的）决裂，断绝  
v.（使）破裂

A: What is that **rustling** in the leaves?  
B: It must be a bird or a mouse.  
**rustle**  
vi.沙沙作响，发出瑟瑟声  
vt.1.使沙沙作响  
2.偷盗（牛、马等）  
n.沙沙声，簌簌声  
**rustle up**  
凑集到，草草弄好

A: I fell into a **rut** in the back field.  
B: I hope that it was not too deep.  
**rut**  
n.车辙，槽，凹痕  
**in a rut**  
墨守成规，一成不变

A: Why are you throwing away all your old toys?  
B: I am being **ruthless** with my belongings.  
**ruthless**  
a.1.无情的，冷酷的，残忍的  
2.坚决的，彻底的

## U ##

A: Did he give you a choice of options?  
B: No, he offered me no **ultimatum** .  
**ultimatum**  
n. 最后通牒

A: **Ultraviolet** light is harmful to our skin.  
B: So you better wear some sunscreen when you are out in the sun.  
**ultraviolet**  
a. 紫外线的

A: Were you all able to come to a **unanimous** decision?  
B: No, one person disagreed with us.  
**unanimous**  
a. 全体一致的，一致同意的

A: I didn’t think that you would be able to carry the heavy box.  
B: Well, you shouldn’t have **underestimated** my strength.  
**underestimate**  
vt. 对……估计不足，低估  
n. 估计不足，低估

A: I don’t understand the ideas that **underlie** your essay.  
B: Oh, let me explain them again.  
**underlie**  
vt. 构成……的基础（或起因），引起

A: What is the **underlying** reason for doing this journey?  
B: To explore a new region of the country.  
**underlying**  
a. 含蓄的，潜在的

A: Philip always **undermines** my opinions.  
B: Don’t worry, he is just trying to start an argument.  
**undermine**  
vt. 1。暗中破坏，逐渐削弱；2。侵蚀……的基础

A: Even my **underwear** got wet in the rain.  
B: That must have been a heavy shower.  
**underwear**  
n. 衬衣，内衣

A: Doctor, do I really need to **undress** ?  
B: Well, I need to examine your back.  
**undress**  
vi. 脱衣服  
vt. 除去……的衣服  
n. 裸体（或半裸体）的状态

A: There is a high rate of **unemployment** in my region.  
B: But I hear that it is not as bad as last year.  
**unemployment**  
n. 失业，失业人数

A: Haven’t you finished the book yet?  
B: No, the plot is just **unfolding** .  
**unfold**  
vi 1。展开，打开；2。显露，展现  
vt. 展开，打开

A: Let’s all sing a song.  
B: Do you think that will help to **unify** our group?  
**unify**  
vt. 1。使联合，统一；2。使相同，使一致

A: Gavin **unleashed** some nasty comments at me.  
B: Don’t mind him, he is always rude.  
**unleash**  
vt. 1。发泄，发出；2。解带子放开

A: Did you hear the latest news?  
B: No, can you **update** me on the details?  
**update**  
vt. 更新，使现代化  
n. 最新信息

A: You always stick to your word.  
B: Yes, I like to **uphold** my principles.  
**uphold**  
vt. 支持，维护，赞成，认可

A: There was an **uprising** in my country in the 1920s.  
B: Was that when you declared an independent nation?  
**uprising**  
n. 起义，暴动

A: There will be **uproar** if my homework is not submitted in time.  
B: Oh, but you are usually such a good student.  
**uproar**  
n. 吵闹，喧嚣，骚乱

A: I heard that some toxic **uranium** was dumped into the sea.  
B: Yes, it is shocking news.  
**uranium**  
n. 铀

A: There is a terrible smell of **urine** in this room.  
B: I agree, but I don’t know where it is coming from.  
**urine**  
n. 尿

A: The usher **directed** me to the wrong seat.  
B: Oh, I think that he has just started the job.  
**usher**  
n. 引座员，招待员，迎宾员  
vt. 1。引，领，陪同；2。预报（……的来到），宣告；3，创始，开辟

A: Can we make this dish for dinner tonight?  
B: No, I don’t have the right cooking **utensils** .  
**utensil**  
n. 器皿，器具

**V**

A: I have to an operation, a **valve** in my heart is broken.  
B: That sounds serious.  
**valve**  
n. 1。阀，活门；2。（心脏的）瓣膜，（管乐器的）活瓣

A: You have been looking into that mirror for half an hour.  
B: I am just practicing my **vanity**.  
**vanity**  
n. 1。自负，自大，虚荣；2。空虚，无用，无价值

A: Have you finished painting the door?  
B: Yes, now all it needs is a **varnish**.  
**varnish**  
n. 1。清漆，罩光漆，凡立水；2。光泽，光泽的表面  
vt. 1。给……涂清漆，使光亮；2。粉饰，文饰，掩饰(over)

A: Do you have a **vase** of the flowers?  
B: No, will this bottle do?  
**vase**  
n. 花瓶

A: Where did you put the expensive diamond?  
B: I locked it in a **vault** in the bank for safe keeping.  
**vault**  
n. 1。储藏室，金库，保险库；2。墓穴，教堂地下室；3。撑杆跳；4。拱顶  
vt. 用手支撑跃过，撑杆跳过

A: Would you like beef or chicken for dinner tonight?  
B: Neither, I am a **vegetarian**.  
**vegetarian**  
n. 素食者，草食动物

A: Why are you covering your face with a **veil**?  
B: Because I’m a Muslim and it is part of my religious practice.  
**veil**  
n. 1。面纱，面罩；2。遮盖物，掩饰物  
vt. 遮盖，掩饰  
draw a **veil** over 避而不谈，隐瞒

A: Did you give blood at the hospital?  
B: Yes, but the nurse had difficulty finding a vein.  
**vein**  
n. 1.静脉，血管; 2.叶脉; 3.纹理,纹路; 4.方式

A: Do you know what **velocity** the wind was yesterday?  
B: No, I didn’t listen to the weather forecast.  
**velocity**  
n. 速度，速率

A: I wore a **velvet** dress to the dinner party.  
B: I am sure that you looked very elegant.  
**velvet**  
n. 天鹅绒, 丝线

A: I finished my book with a **vengeance**.  
B: I am sure you are glad that it is finished now.  
**vengeance**  
n. 报仇, 报复, 复仇  
with a **vengeance** 猛烈地, 激烈地, 极度地

A: Sorry for screaming at you.  
B: It’s OK. I understand that you just had to **vent** your anger.  
**vent**  
n. 1.通风口，排放口; (衣服底部的)开衩  
vt. 表达，发泄(情感等)  
give **vent** to 表达，发泄(感情等)

A: Can we open a window to **ventilate** the room?  
B: Sorry, but the window is jammed.  
**ventilate**  
vt. 1.使通风; 2.把….公开, 公开讨论

A: My boss always shouts **verbal** abuse at me.  
B: Is there anything that you can do about it?  
**verbal**  
a. 1.口头的; 2.用言辞的, 用文字的; 3.动词的

A: Has a **verdict** been reached in the case?  
B: Yes, the man was found guilty.  
**verdict**  
n. 1.裁定; 2.定论, 判断性意见

A: Our car nearly skidded over the **verge** of the cliff.  
B: You were lucky that you were able to stop in time.  
**verge**  
n. 边,边缘  
vi. (on) 接近，濒临  
on the **verge** of 接近于,濒临于

A: Do you know the next **verse** of the poem?  
B: No, I have a terrible memory.  
**verse**  
n. 诗,诗句

A: What countries were playing in the match?  
B: It was France **versus** Holland.  
**versus**  
prep. 1.以…为对手， 对; 2.与…相对， 与…相比之下

A: I’m cold!  
B: You are not wearing enough clothing. Here is a **vest** to keep you warm  
**vest**  
n. 背心，马甲, (无袖的)防护衣  
vt (in) 授予，赋予, 给予(权力,财力等)

A: Did the law get passed by the government?  
B: No, it was **vetoed** at an early stage.  
**veto**  
vt./ n. 否决

A: Are there any hospitals in your **vicinity**?  
B: No, the nearest one is an hour away.  
**vicinity**  
n. 周围地区，临近地区  
in the **vicinity** (of) (在…)附近, (与…)接近

A: That dog looks **vicious**.  
B: Oh. he won’t bite. He is actually very friendly.  
**vicious**  
a. 1.恶毒的，凶残的；2.剧烈的，严重的

A: This drink tastes **vile**.  
B: If it is so awful then, don’t drink it.  
**vile**  
a. 1.极坏的，恶劣的; 2.卑鄙的,邪恶的; 3.肮脏的，污秽的

A: Did you find out who was the **villain** in the story?  
B: No, I still haven’t finished the book yet.  
**villain**  
n. 1.反派演员, 反派角色，反面人物; 2.恶棍, 流氓, 坏蛋; 3.造成弊病的人(或物), 问题的起因

A: We sailed into **virgin** territory.  
B: It must have been fun to explore previously undiscovered land.  
**virgin**  
n. 处女，未婚女子  
a. 1.未经开发的，未经使用的，未经触动的; 2.处女的

A: Did you go to Russia for your holiday?  
B: No, I was unable to get a **visa**.  
**visa**  
n. 签证

A: What are you thinking about?  
B: I’m trying to **visualize** my future.  
**visualize**  
vt. 想象，设想

A: Mr. Evans is very **vocal**.  
B: Indeed, he is always talking.  
**vocal**  
a. 1.喜欢畅所欲言的，直言不讳的; 2.嗓音的，发声的  
n. \[常pl.\] 声乐节目

A: Did you go to university after school?  
B: No, I received a **vocational** education in a technical college.  
**vocational**  
a. 职业的，业务的

A: Short hair is in **vogue** at the moment.  
B: Oh, I didn’t realize that I was suddenly fashionable!  
**vogue**  
n. 流行，风行, 时髦  
in **vogue 流行**

A: My day seemed **void** of meaning.  
B: Perhaps tomorrow you will have a better one.  
**void**  
a. 1.无效的；2.没有的，缺乏的  
n. 1.空虚感,寂寞感; 2.真空，空白  
vt. 使无效

A: I never know if Martin is happy or angry.  
B: Yes, he is particularly **volatile** at the moment.  
**volatile**  
a. 1.动荡不定的，不稳定的; 2.易变的，反复无常的，暴躁的; 3. (液体)易挥发的

A: That was a fantastic shot!  
B: Thanks, **volleys** are my favorite stroke in tennis.  
**volley**  
n. 1.群射,排枪射击, 群射的子弹; 2. (质问，咒骂灯的)连发，迸发  
v. 1. (足球)截题(凌空球), (网球)截击(空中球); 2.群射，齐发

A: There was **vomit** on the pavement.  
B: Disgusting! I wonder who got sick.  
**vomit**  
v. 呕吐

A: You have a **vulgar** sense of humour.  
B: But you still laughed at my jokes.  
**vulgar**  
a. 1.粗野的，下流的; 2.庸俗的，粗俗的，不雅的

A: You have another dose of the flu.  
B: Yes, I have been **vulnerable** to illness this year.  
**vulnerable**  
a. 1.易受伤的，脆弱的; 2.易受攻击的，难防御的

A: We **waded** though the river to reach the other side.  
B: Why didn’t you swim?  
**wade**  
vi. 涉水，跋涉  
**wade** through 艰难地通过，费力地做完

A: The dog seems happy to see you.  
B: Yes, he is **wagging** his tail.  
**wag**  
v. / n. （左右或前后）摇动，摇摆

A: Mrs. Jones was **wailing** with grief following the death in the family.  
B: Yes, she was very upset.  
**wail**  
vi./n.1.哀诉，呜咽；2.痛哭，嚎啕  
vt. 悲痛

A: I lost my **wallet** at the station.  
B: Did it have much money in it?  
**wallet**  
n. 皮夹子

A: I have a walnut tree in my garden.  
B: Oh, they are my favourite kind of nuts.  
walnut  
n. 胡桃，核桃

A: In what part of the hospital is your father staying?  
B: He is in **ward** three.  
**ward**  
n. 1.病房；2.（城市的）区；3.受监护人  
**ward** off 防止，避开

A: I hate to be a traffic **warden** .  
B: Yes, it would be a terrible job.  
**warden**  
n. 1.（监督某些法规执行的）检察员，检察官；2.典狱长，监狱长；3.看守人，管理人，监护人

A: I have no room left in my **wardrobe** .  
B: You will have to stop buying new clothes!  
**wardrobe**  
n. 1.衣柜；2.（个人的）全部衣物

A: The artist displayed his **wares** at the gallery.  
B: Oh, it is a shame that I didn’t see his work.  
**ware** \[注：同音词 where \]  
n. 1.物品，器皿；2.\[常pl.\]商品，货物

A: The **warehouse** was set on fire.  
B: Were all the goods stored at there damaged?  
**warehouse**  
n. 仓库，货栈

A: Did you read the news headlines this morning?  
B: I see there is more **warfare** between the nations.  
**warfare**  
n. 1.战争（状态）；2.斗争，冲突

A: The mirror **warped** with age.  
B: Are you sure it is not just because you are looking into it.  
**warp**  
vt. 1.使变形，使弯曲，使翘曲；2.歪曲，使反常，使有偏见  
vi. 变形，弯曲，翘曲  
n. 变形，弯曲，翘曲

A: I have a **warrant** for your arrest.  
B: But I didn’t do anything, officer.  
**warrant**  
n. 1.授权令；2.（正当）理由，根据  
vt. 证明…是正当（或有理）的

A: My washing machine broke down.  
B: Don’t worry, it is still under **warranty** .  
**warranty**  
n. 担保书，证书，保单

A: I want to be a famous **warrior** .  
B: Oh, I don’t like to fight.  
**warrior**  
n. 勇士，武士，斗士

A: The guard gave me a **wary** look.  
B: He must think that you are suspicious.  
**wary**  
a. 谨慎的，小心翼翼的

A: This programme should not be on the TV at this time of the day.  
B: I agree, it is not past the **watershed** yet.  
**watershed**  
n. 1.转折点，重要关头；2.分水岭，分水线，分水界

A: This container is leaking.  
B: Oh, I thought that it was **watertight** .  
**watertight**  
a. 1.不透水的，防水的；2.严密的，无懈可击的

A: The light in this room is dim.  
B: What **watt** is the light bulb?  
**watt**  
n. 瓦（特）

A: Are you sure that you will not change your mind?  
B: I will not **waver** from my decision.  
**waver**  
vi. 1.减弱，变得不稳固；2.犹豫不决，踌躇；3.摇摆，摇晃

A: I got a bit lost on my way here.  
B: Yes, I suspected that you had gone a bit **wayward** .  
**wayward**  
a. 任性的，倔强的，反复无常的

A: I am **weary** of work.  
B: But I am afraid that you can not give it up.  
**weary**  
a. 1.疲劳的，疲倦的；2.使人疲劳的，令人疲倦的  
vi. (of) 厌烦，不耐烦

A: Look at the size of that spider’s **web** .  
B: Gosh, it must be a big spider!  
**web**  
n. 1.（蜘蛛等的）网；2.网络，错综复杂的事物

A: Would you like some cheese?  
B: Just a small **wedge** , please.  
**wedge**  
n. 楔（子）  
vt. 1. 把…楔牢；2.挤入，插入，塞入

A: Do you understand the movie?  
B: No, it was strange and **weird** .  
**weird**  
a. 1.古怪的，离奇的；2.怪怪的，神秘而可怕的

A: The boat will arrive in the **wharf** this evening.  
B: I will be there to greet its arrival.  
**wharf**  
n. 码头

A: Do you know Mr. Kelly’s **whereabouts** ?  
B: No, he has been missing for two weeks.  
**whereabouts**  
ad. 靠近什么地方，（大概）在哪里  
n. 行踪，下落，所在

A: I discovered a secret room **wherein** I found the treasure.  
B: Wow, and what was the treasure?  
**wherein**  
ad. 在哪方面，在哪一点上，在什么地方

A: The wind **whirled** up the leaves.  
B: Yes, it was a strong wind alright.  
**whirl**  
vi. 1.旋转，急转；2.发昏，（感觉等）变混乱  
n. 1.旋转，急转；2.混乱，连接不断的活动

A: How would you like your **whisky** ?  
B: With some ice, please.  
**whisky**  
n. 威士忌酒

A: That was a very **wholesome** meal.  
B: Indeed, there were lots of healthy ingredients.  
**wholesome**  
a. 1.有益于健康的，增进健康的；2.有益于身心健康的，有益的；2.健康的，无病的，生气勃勃的

A: Do you like the president?  
B: I think he **wields** too much power.  
**wield**  
vt. 1.行使，运用，支配；2.挥动，使用（武器等）

A: Are you wearing a **wig** ？  
B: No, this is all my natural hair.  
**wig**  
n. 假发

A: Aren’t the **willow** trees beautiful?  
B: Yes, they make the river seem all the more complete.  
**willow**  
n. 柳，柳树

A: Were you **winking** at me ?  
B: No, I just had something in my eye.  
**wink**  
vi. 1.眨眼，眨眼示意；2.闪烁，明灭，用频闪灯光打信号  
vt. 眨（眼），眨眼表示  
n. 1.眨眼，眨眼示意，眼色；2.闪烁，闪亮，一闪  
**wink** at 默许，纵容，佯装未看见

A: What are dressing up as?  
B: A **witch** , with a long black coat and a black cat.  
**witch**  
n. 女巫，巫婆

A: I need another coffee I am having **withdrawal** symptoms.  
B: You must be addicted.  
**withdrawal**  
n. 1.取回，提款；2.撤退，撤军；3.收回，撤回，撤消；4.戒毒（或脱瘾）过程

A: Did your flowers last a long time?  
B: No, they **withered** after three days.  
**wither**  
v. 1.（使）干枯，（使）枯萎；2.感到羞愧（或惶惑）

A: The company **withheld** payment.  
B: Why , were the goods that were delivered damaged?  
**withhold**  
vt. 1.拒绝，不给；2.抑制，制止

A: Marie cooks a splendid meal.  
B: Yes, she is a **wizard** in the kitchen.  
**wizard**  
n. 1.男巫，术士；2.奇才，能手，行家

A: He was filled with **wrath** and anger.  
B: I agree, he did not look very happy,  
**wrath**  
n. 愤怒，慷慨，暴怒

A: I will prepare a **wreath** for the funeral mass.  
B: That will be a kind thing to do.  
**wreath**  
n. 花圈，花环，花冠

A: The ship sank just off the coast.  
B: Was anything recovered from the **wreckage** ?  
**wreckage**  
n. 1.（失事的船或飞机等的）残骸；2.破坏，毁坏

A: The window is jammed.  
B: Here is a stick, try to **wrench** it open.  
**wrench**  
vt. 1.猛拧，猛扭；2.挣脱；3.使扭伤  
n. 1.（离别等的）痛苦，难受；2.猛扭，猛拉；3.扳手

A: I wrestled with the umbrella but it still would not go up.  
B: Yes, the umbrellas sometimes have a mind of their own.  
wrestle  
vt. 1.摔交；2.使劲搬动，用力举起  
vi. 1.摔交；2.使劲搬动，用力举起；3.努力解决，全力对付

A: That **wretched** man!  
B: Who are you complaining about?  
**wretched**  
a. 1.极不愉快的，难受的，可怜的；2.

A: I got so wet you could have **wrung** out my clothes.  
B: It must have rained heavily.  
**wring**  
vt. 1.尽力索取，强行取得；2.绞（出），（拧）出；3.搓（双手）；4.猛扭，扭断

A: Sarah is nearly fifty but she has barely a **wrinkle.**   
B: Yes, she is looking well for her age.  
**wrinkle**  
n. 皱纹  
v. （使）起皱纹

## Y ##

A: We rented a **yacht** for two weeks.  
B: And to where did you sail?  
**yacht**  
n. 快艇，（竞赛用的）帆船，游艇

A: Why did you not finish knitting the blanket?  
B: I ran out of **yarn.**   
**yarn**  
n. 1.纱，纱线，防线；2.奇闻漫谈，旅行逸事

A: I am **yearning** to see you again.  
B: Yes, I can’t wait to see you either.  
**yearn**  
vi. (for) 渴望，切盼，向往

A: Stop making so much noise!  
B: There is no need to **yell** at me.  
**yell**  
vi. / n. 号叫，叫喊

A: The animals were held together with a **yoke** .  
B: And to what part of the body was it attached?  
**yoke**  
n. 1.牛轭；2.束缚，枷锁  
vt. 结合，联合

A: Do you like to eat eggs?  
B: I only eat the **yolk** .  
**yolk**  
n. 蛋黄

## Z ##

A: You play sports with great **zeal.**   
B: Yes, I am enthusiastic about all sports.  
**zeal**  
n. 热心，热忱，热情

A: Have you ever seen a **zebra** ?  
B: Yes, but only in a zoo.  
**zebra**  
n. 斑马

A: Is your kitchen sink made out of steel?  
B: No, I think that it is **zinc** .  
**zinc**  
n. 锌

A: The **zip** is broken on my coat.  
B: You must be feeling the cold.  
**zip**  
n. 1.拉链；2.\[口\]精力，活力，元气  
vt. 用拉链拉上或扣上  
**zip** up 拉上拉链

A: We **zoomed** from city to city during our trip.  
B: But we had a fantastic time nevertheless.  
**zoom**  
vi. 1.（飞机，汽车等）急速移动；2.（价格，费用等）急升，猛涨  
n. 嗡嗡声，隆隆声