Spring boot项目启动报错 javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String

女爷i 2024-02-18 09:39 7阅读 0赞

## 报错 ##

在idea工具内，开始一段时间启动无问题，有一次突然启动springboot报如下错误，可是install成jar启动正常。  
启动环境如下：  
tomcat版本8.5.15  
jdk版本1.8.0\_91

java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	... 6 common frames omitted
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [Pipeline[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5117)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 6 common frames omitted
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator[/user]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:182)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 8 common frames omitted
    Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
    	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1141)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 10 common frames omitted
    2023-11-13 10:25:38.993 [TID: N/A] [Tomcat-startStop-1] ERROR o.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase -A child container failed during start
    java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	... 6 common frames omitted
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [Pipeline[StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost].TomcatEmbeddedContext[/user]]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5117)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 6 common frames omitted
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator[/user]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.startInternal(StandardPipeline.java:182)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 8 common frames omitted
    Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
    	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.startInternal(AuthenticatorBase.java:1141)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 10 common frames omitted
    2023-11-13 10:25:38.994 [TID: N/A] [main] ERROR o.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase -A child container failed during start
    java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:344)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.initialize(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:99)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.<init>(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:84)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:554)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.getEmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:179)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.createEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:164)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:134)
    	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:693)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1118)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1107)
    	at com.xx.xx.testApp.main(UserApp.java:24)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    	at com.intellij.rt.execution.CommandLineWrapper.main(CommandLineWrapper.java:64)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:947)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 6 common frames omitted
    2023-11-13 10:25:38.994 [TID: N/A] [main] ERROR o.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase -A child container failed during start
    java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:939)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:422)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:793)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:344)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.initialize(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:99)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.<init>(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.java:84)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:554)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.getEmbeddedServletContainer(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory.java:179)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.createEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:164)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:134)
    	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)
    	at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:693)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1118)
    	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1107)
    	at com.xx.xx.testApp.main(UserApp.java:24)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    	at com.intellij.rt.execution.CommandLineWrapper.main(CommandLineWrapper.java:64)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Tomcat].StandardHost[localhost]]
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1419)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)
    	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:947)
    	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:872)
    	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    	... 6 common frames omitted

## 问题分析 ##

### Round1 分析 ###

提取关键报错信息如下：

Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;

一般情况下发下`NoSuchMethodError`错误：大多数情况只有两种

> 1、jar缺失
> 
> 2、jar冲突

于是点进报错代码，发现存在。Debug时，getVirtualServerName为红色  
判定问题为jar冲突，于是进入maven准备去掉多余jar，发现只有一个，甚至去掉后，还是报同样的问题。

### Round2 怀疑 ###

这个时候开始怀疑jar冲突方向排查是否正确，甚至产生疑惑。  
![在这里插入图片描述][a99f3110e38348608e4b177f53a78129.png]

### Round3 切换版本 ###

借鉴使用其他项目时，发现tomcat版本为9 jdk一样，开始怀疑tomcat版本会冲突，这个时候的想法其实已经走偏了，走向不太理智的猜错。因为如果是版本冲突，最开始就会报错。  
切换tomcat版本为8.5.43。启动虽然报错但总会发现了曙光：

***************************
    APPLICATION FAILED TO START
    ***************************
    
    Description:
    
    An attempt was made to call the method javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String; but it does not exist. Its class, javax.servlet.ServletContext, is available from the following locations:
    
        jar:file:/F:/work/lib/javax.servlet.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.class
        jar:file:/G://doc/maven/repository/javax/servlet/javax.servlet-api/3.1.0/javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.class
        jar:file:/G://doc/maven/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/8.5.43/tomcat-embed-core-8.5.43.jar!/javax/servlet/ServletContext.class
    
    It was loaded from the following location:
    
        file:/F:/ideawork/lib/javax.servlet.jar
    
    
    Action:
    
    Correct the classpath of your application so that it contains a single, compatible version of javax.servlet.ServletContext

发现关键错误，因为tomcat版本的问题导致输出错误形式的内容不同，导致未发现关键信息：

报错确定是因为多个servlet-api.jar冲突导致，最初猜想正确。tomcat与jdk对应版本如下：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Servlet规格</th> 
   <th>JSP规范</th> 
   <th>EL规格</th> 
   <th>WebSocket规范</th> 
   <th>JASPIC规格</th> 
   <th>Apache Tomcat版本</th> 
   <th>最新发行版本</th> 
   <th>支持的Java版本</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>4.0</td> 
   <td>2.3</td> 
   <td>3.0</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>9.0.x</td> 
   <td>9.0.27</td> 
   <td>8及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>3.1</td> 
   <td>2.3</td> 
   <td>3.0</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>8.5.x</td> 
   <td>8.5.47</td> 
   <td>7及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>3.1</td> 
   <td>2.3</td> 
   <td>3.0</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>8.0.x（已取代）</td> 
   <td>8.0.53（已取代）</td> 
   <td>7及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>3.0</td> 
   <td>2.2</td> 
   <td>2.2</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>7.0.x</td> 
   <td>7.0.96</td> 
   <td>6及更高版本 （WebSocket为7及更高版本）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.5</td> 
   <td>2.1</td> 
   <td>2.1</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>6.0.x（已归档）</td> 
   <td>6.0.53（已归档）</td> 
   <td>5及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.4</td> 
   <td>2.0</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>5.5.x（已存档）</td> 
   <td>5.5.36（存档）</td> 
   <td>1.4及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.3</td> 
   <td>1.2</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>4.1.x（已归档）</td> 
   <td>4.1.40（已归档）</td> 
   <td>1.3及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>2.2</td> 
   <td>1.1</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>不适用</td> 
   <td>3.3.x（已存档）</td> 
   <td>3.3.2（已存档）</td> 
   <td>1.1及更高版本</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 解决问题 ##

去除多余jar，保留一个，启动成功。

## 总结 ##

理智分析问题。

![在这里插入图片描述][0894baeff44641b5b947e87060225609.jpeg]

昆山玉碎凤凰叫，芙蓉泣露香兰笑。

![在这里插入图片描述][07e24551a54d4229a510e1952350b849.jpeg]

[a99f3110e38348608e4b177f53a78129.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/18/68160ba3b8264fac9e2ce7ea6ab8c7f4.png
[0894baeff44641b5b947e87060225609.jpeg]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/18/9577205638bc46e58558a7db06b71281.png
[07e24551a54d4229a510e1952350b849.jpeg]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/02/18/d3ed3edb9c3d40c98d8a2d28231fcb22.png