解决android textview自动换行问题

Bertha 。 2024-02-17 17:16 69阅读 0赞

今天项目没什么进展，公司后台出问题了。看了下刚刚学习Android时的笔记，发现TextView会自动换行，而且排版文字参差不齐。查了下资料，总结原因如下：

1、半角字符与全角字符混乱所致：这种情况一般就是汉字与数字、英文字母混用

解决方法一：

将textview中的字符全角化。即将所有的数字、字母及标点全部转为全角字符，使它们与汉字同占两个字节，这样就可以避免由于占位导致的排版混乱问题了。 半角转为全角的代码如下，只需调用即可。

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  **public** **static** String ToDBC(String input) \{ 
2.  **char**\[\] c = input.toCharArray(); 
3.  **for** (**int** i = 0; i< c.length; i++) \{ 
4.  **if** (c\[i\] == 12288) \{ 
5.   c\[i\] = (**char**) 32; 
6.  **continue**; 
7.   \}**if** (c\[i\]> 65280&& c\[i\]< 65375) 
8.   c\[i\] = (**char**) (c\[i\] - 65248); 
9.   \} 
10. **return** **new** String(c); 
11. \}

解决方法二：

去除特殊字符或将所有中文标号替换为英文标号。利用正则表达式将所有特殊字符过滤，或利用replaceAll（）将中文标号替换为英文标号。则转化之后，则可解决排版混乱问题。

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  // 替换、过滤特殊字符
2.  **public** **static** String StringFilter(String str) **throws** PatternSyntaxException\{ 
3.   str=str.replaceAll("【","\[").replaceAll("】","\]").replaceAll("！","!");//替换中文标号
4.   String regEx="\[『』\]"; // 清除掉特殊字符
5.   Pattern p = Pattern.compile(regEx); 
6.   Matcher m = p.matcher(str); 
7.  **return** m.replaceAll("").trim(); 
8.  \}

2、TextView在显示中文的时候标点符号不能显示在一行的行首和行尾，如果一个标点符号刚好在一行的行尾，该标点符号就会连同前一个字符跳到下一行显示。

解决方法：在标点符号后加一个空格。

3、一个英文单词不能被显示在两行中（ TextView在显示英文时，标点符号是可以放在行尾的，但英文单词也不能分开 ）。

4、如果要两行对其的显示效果：有两种方法

方法一：

修改Android源代码；将frameworks/base/core/java/android/text下的StaticLayout.java文件中的如下代码：

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  **if** (c == ' ' || c == '/t' || 
2.   ((c == '.' || c == ',' || c == ':' || c == ';') && 
3.   (j - 1 < here || !Character.isDigit(chs\[j - 1 \- start\])) && 
4.   (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs\[j + 1 \- start\]))) || 
5.   ((c == '/' || c == '-') && 
6.   (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs\[j + 1 \- start\]))) || 
7.   (c >= FIRST\_CJK && isIdeographic(c, **true**) && 
8.   j + 1 < next && isIdeographic(chs\[j + 1 \- start\], **false**))) \{ 
9.   okwidth = w; 
10.  ok = j + 1; 
11. 
12. **if** (fittop < oktop) 
13.  oktop = fittop; 
14. **if** (fitascent < okascent) 
15.  okascent = fitascent; 
16. **if** (fitdescent > okdescent) 
17.  okdescent = fitdescent; 
18. **if** (fitbottom > okbottom) 
19.  okbottom = fitbottom; 
20.  \}

去掉就可以了。去掉后标点符号可以显示在行首和行尾，英文单词也可以被分开在两行中显示。

方法二：

自定义View显示文本

网上就有达人采用自定义View来解决这个问题，我做了实验并总结了一下：

自定义View的步骤：

1）继承View类或其子类，例子继承了TextView类；

2）写构造函数，通过XML获取属性（这一步中可以自定义属性，见例程）；

3）重写父类的某些函数，一般都是以on开头的函数，例子中重写了onDraw()和onMeasure()函数；

=========================CYTextView.java=============================

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  **public** **class** CYTextView **extends** TextView \{ 
2.  **public** **static** **int** m\_iTextHeight; //文本的高度
3.  **public** **static** **int** m\_iTextWidth;//文本的宽度
4.  
5.  **private** Paint mPaint = **null**; 
6.  **private** String string=""; 
7.  **private** **float** LineSpace = 0;//行间距
8.  
9.  **public** CYTextView(Context context, AttributeSet set) 
10.  \{ 
11. **super**(context,set); 
12. 
13.  TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(set, R.styleable.CYTextView); 
14. 
15. **int** width = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable. CY TextView\_textwidth, 320); 
16. **float** textsize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable. CY TextView\_textSize, 24); 
17. **int** textcolor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable. CY TextView\_textColor, -1442840576); 
18. **float** linespace = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable. CY TextView\_lineSpacingExtra, 15); 
19. **int** typeface = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable. CY TextView\_typeface, 0); 
20. 
21.  typedArray.recycle(); 
22. 
23. //设置 CY TextView的宽度和行间距www.linuxidc.com
24.  m\_iTextWidth=width; 
25.  LineSpace=linespace; 
26. 
27. // 构建paint对象 
28.  mPaint = **new** Paint(); 
29.  mPaint.setAntiAlias(**true**); 
30.  mPaint.setColor(textcolor); 
31.  mPaint.setTextSize(textsize); 
32. **switch**(typeface)\{ 
33. **case** 0: 
34.  mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT); 
35. **break**; 
36. **case** 1: 
37.  mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.SANS\_SERIF); 
38. **break**; 
39. **case** 2: 
40.  mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.SERIF); 
41. **break**; 
42. **case** 3: 
43.  mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.MONOSPACE); 
44. **break**; 
45. **default**: 
46.  mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT); 
47. **break**; 
48.  \} 
49. 
50.  \} 
51. 
52. @Override
53. **protected** **void** onDraw(Canvas canvas) 
54.  \{ 
55. **super**.onDraw(canvas); 
56. 
57. **char** ch; 
58. **int** w = 0; 
59. **int** istart = 0; 
60. **int** m\_iFontHeight; 
61. **int** m\_iRealLine=0; 
62. **int** x=2; 
63. **int** y=30; 
64. 
65.  Vector m\_String=**new** Vector(); 
66. 
67.  FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics(); 
68.  m\_iFontHeight = (**int**) Math.ceil(fm.descent - fm.top) + (**int**)LineSpace;//计算字体高度（字体高度＋行间距）
69. 
70. **for** (**int** i = 0; i < string.length(); i++) 
71.  \{ 
72.  ch = string.charAt(i); 
73. **float**\[\] widths = **new** **float**\[1\]; 
74.  String srt = String.valueOf(ch); 
75.  mPaint.getTextWidths(srt, widths); 
76. 
77. **if** (ch == '/n')\{ 
78.  m\_iRealLine++; 
79.  m\_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, i)); 
80.  istart = i + 1; 
81.  w = 0; 
82.  \}**else**\{ 
83.  w += (**int**) (Math.ceil(widths\[0\])); 
84. **if** (w > m\_iTextWidth)\{ 
85.  m\_iRealLine++; 
86.  m\_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, i)); 
87.  istart = i; 
88.  i--; 
89.  w = 0; 
90.  \}**else**\{ 
91. **if** (i == (string.length() - 1))\{ 
92.  m\_iRealLine++; 
93.  m\_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, string.length())); 
94.  \} 
95.  \} 
96.  \} 
97.  \} 
98.  m\_iTextHeight=m\_iRealLine\*m\_iFontHeight+2; 
99.  canvas.setViewport(m\_iTextWidth, m\_iTextWidth); 
100. **for** (**int** i = 0, j = 0; i < m\_iRealLine; i++, j++) 
101.  \{ 
102.  canvas.drawText((String)(m\_String.elementAt(i)), x, y+m\_iFontHeight \* j, mPaint); 
103.  \} 
104.  \} 
105. 
106. 
107. **protected** **void** onMeasure(**int** widthMeasureSpec, **int** heightMeasureSpec) 
108.  \{ 
109. **int** measuredHeight = measureHeight(heightMeasureSpec); 
110. **int** measuredWidth = measureWidth(widthMeasureSpec); 
111. **this**.setMeasuredDimension(measuredWidth, measuredHeight); 
112. **this**.setLayoutParams(**new** LinearLayout.LayoutParams(measuredWidth,measuredHeight)); 
113. **super**.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); 
114.  \} 
115. 
116. **private** **int** measureHeight(**int** measureSpec) 
117.  \{ 
118. **int** specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec); 
119. **int** specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec); 
120. // Default size if no limits are specified. 
121.  initHeight(); 
122. **int** result = m\_iTextHeight; 
123. **if** (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT\_MOST)\{ 
124. // Calculate the ideal size of your 
125. // control within this maximum size. 
126. // If your control fills the available 
127. // space return the outer bound. 
128.  result = specSize; 
129.  \}**else** **if** (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)\{ 
130. // If your control can fit within these bounds return that value. 
131.  result = specSize; 
132.  \} 
133. **return** result; 
134.  \} 
135. 
136. **private** **void** initHeight() 
137.  \{ 
138. //设置 CY TextView的初始高度为0
139.  m\_iTextHeight=0; 
140. 
141. //大概计算 CY TextView所需高度
142.  FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics(); 
143. **int** m\_iFontHeight = (**int**) Math.ceil(fm.descent - fm.top) + (**int**)LineSpace; 
144. **int** line=0; 
145. **int** istart=0; 
146. 
147. **int** w=0; 
148. **for** (**int** i = 0; i < string.length(); i++) 
149.  \{ 
150. **char** ch = string.charAt(i); 
151. **float**\[\] widths = **new** **float**\[1\]; 
152.  String srt = String.valueOf(ch); 
153.  mPaint.getTextWidths(srt, widths); 
154. 
155. **if** (ch == '/n')\{ 
156.  line++; 
157.  istart = i + 1; 
158.  w = 0; 
159.  \}**else**\{ 
160.  w += (**int**) (Math.ceil(widths\[0\])); 
161. **if** (w > m\_iTextWidth)\{ 
162.  line++; 
163.  istart = i; 
164.  i--; 
165.  w = 0; 
166.  \}**else**\{ 
167. **if** (i == (string.length() - 1))\{ 
168.  line++; 
169.  \} 
170.  \} 
171.  \} 
172.  \} 
173.  m\_iTextHeight=(line)\*m\_iFontHeight+2; 
174.  \} 
175. 
176. **private** **int** measureWidth(**int** measureSpec) 
177.  \{ 
178. **int** specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec); 
179. **int** specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec); 
180. 
181. // Default size if no limits are specified. 
182. **int** result = 500; 
183. **if** (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT\_MOST)\{ 
184. // Calculate the ideal size of your control 
185. // within this maximum size. 
186. // If your control fills the available space 
187. // return the outer bound. 
188.  result = specSize; 
189.  \}**else** **if** (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY)\{ 
190. // If your control can fit within these bounds return that value. 
191.  result = specSize; 
192.  \} 
193. **return** result; 
194.  \} 
195. **public** **void** SetText(String text)(//注：此函数目前只有在UI线程中调用才可以把文本画出来，在其它线程中<p> //无法画文本，找了好久找不到原因，求高手解答)
196.  \{ 
197.  string = text; 
198. // requestLayout();
199. // invalidate();
200.  \} 
201. \}</p>

=======================attrs.xml===============================

该文件是自定义的属性，放在工程的res/values下

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  <resources> 
2.   <attr name="textwidth" format="integer"/> 
3.   <attr name="typeface"> 
4.   <**enum** name="normal" value="0"/> 
5.   <**enum** name="sans" value="1"/> 
6.   <**enum** name="serif" value="2"/> 
7.   <**enum** name="monospace" value="3"/> 
8.   </attr> 
9.  
10.  <declare-styleable name="CYTextView"> 
11.  <attr name="textwidth" /> 
12.  <attr name="textSize" format="dimension"/> 
13.  <attr name="textColor" format="reference|color"/> 
14.  <attr name="lineSpacingExtra" format="dimension"/> 
15.  <attr name="typeface" /> 
16.  </declare-styleable> 
17. </resources>

=======================main.xml==========================

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
2.  <ScrollView 
3.   xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
4.   Android:layout\_width="320px"
5.   Android:layout\_height="320px"
6.   Android:background="\#ffffffff"
7.   > 
8.   <LinearLayout 
9.   xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
10.  Android:orientation="vertical"
11.  Android:layout\_width="fill\_parent"
12.  Android:layout\_height="fill\_parent"> 
13.  <com.cy.CYTextView.CYTextView 
14.  xmlns:cy="http://schemas.Android.com/apk/res/ com.cy.CYTextView "
15.  Android:id="@+id/mv"
16.  Android:layout\_height="wrap\_content"
17.  Android:layout\_width="wrap\_content"
18.  cy :textwidth="320"
19.  cy :textSize="24sp"
20.  cy :textColor="\#aa000000"
21.  cy :lineSpacingExtra="15sp"
22.  cy :typeface="serif"> 
23.  </com. cy .CYTextView.CYTextView> 
24.  </LinearLayout> 
25. </ScrollView>

蓝色代码即为自定义View，其中以cy命名空间开头的属性是自定义属性；

=======================Main.java=============================

Java代码 [![收藏代码][icon_star.png]][icon_star.png 1]

1.  **public** **class** Main **extends** Activity \{ 
2.   CYTextView mCYTextView; 
3.   String text = "Android提供了精巧和有力的组件化模型构建用户的UI部分。主要是基于布局类：View和 ViewGroup。在此基础上，android平台提供了大量的预制的View和xxxViewGroup子类，即布局（layout）和窗口小部件（widget）。可以用它们构建自己的UI。"; 
4.  
5.  
6.  @Override
7.  **public** **void** onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) \{ 
8.  **super**.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
9.  **this**.setContentView(R.layout.main); 
10. 
11.  mCYTextView = (CYTextView)findViewById(R.id.mv); 
12.  mCYTextView.SetText(text); 
13.  \} 
14. 
15. \}

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[icon_star.png 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/01/30/74b4fb63240e4e4494ea813bc29db9b2.png