使用Shiro的JdbcRealm实现查询数据库进行身份认证

悠悠 2023-10-18 18:27 34阅读 0赞

## 场景 ##

### Subject认证主体 ###

Subject认证主体包含两个信息：

1.Principals:身份，可以是用户名，邮件，手机号码等，可以用来标识一个登录主体身份。

2.Credentials:凭证，常见有密码，数字证书等。

### 身份认证流程 ###

![Image 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### Realm以及JDBC Realm ###

Realm意思是域，shiro从Realm中获取验证数据。

Realm有很多种，例如常见的jdbc realm、jndi realm、text realm。

jdbc realm：Shiro 提供了一个 JdbcRealm，它会默认去寻找 users, roles, permissions 三张表做类似于 DAO 中的查询。

## 实现 ##

### 搭建数据库以及表 ###

新建users表

![Image 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

插入users表数据

![Image 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

建表符合如上规范，shiro就会自动查询users表进行身份验证。

### 新建配置文件 ###

resource下新建jdbc\_realm.ini文件

[main]
    jdbcRealm=org.apache.shiro.realm.jdbc.JdbcRealm
    dataSource=com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource
    dataSource.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    dataSource.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shirotest
    dataSource.user=root
    dataSource.password=123
    jdbcRealm.dataSource=$dataSource
    securityManager.realms=$jdbcRealm

注：

1.jdbcRealm是固定写。

2.dataSource设置数据源。

3.jdbcRealm.dataSource=$dataSource是使用上面刚声明的dataSource数据源。

### 进行身份验证 ###

新建类JdbcRealmTest.java

package com.badao.shiro;
    
    import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
    import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
    import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
    import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
    import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
    
    public class JdbcRealmTest {
     
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      
      //读取配置文件，初始化化SecurityManager工厂
      Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:jdbc_realm.ini");
      //获取securityManager实例
      SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
      //将securityManager实例绑定到SecurityUtils
      SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
      //获取当前用户
      Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
      //创建token令牌，用户名 密码
      UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("badao","12");
      try {
       //身份认证 登录 
       currentUser.login(token);
       System.out.println("身份认证成功");
      } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
       System.out.println("身份认证失败");
      }
      //退出
      currentUser.logout();
      
     }
    }

## 效果 ##

输入错误

![Image 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

输入正确

![Image 1][]![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

## 源码下载 ##

[https://download.csdn.net/download/badao\_liumang\_qizhi/11171730][https_download.csdn.net_download_badao_liumang_qizhi_11171730]

[Image 1]: 
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190511094544820.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190511095357760.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190511095406701.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[https_download.csdn.net_download_badao_liumang_qizhi_11171730]: https://download.csdn.net/download/badao_liumang_qizhi/11171730