Django2 + MySQL 存储session 会话值

叁歲伎倆 2023-10-18 17:07 66阅读 0赞

第一步：创建项目

![20190414233032427.png][]

第二步：创建应用

![2019041423310121.png][]

第三步：项目setting.py 配置

1、启用session记录中间件和注释cfsf 中间件

MIDDLEWARE = [
        'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
        # 启用session 会话中间件
        'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
        # 禁用crsf 中间件
        # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    ]

2、启用session 存储应用

INSTALLED_APPS = [
        'django.contrib.admin',
        'django.contrib.auth',
        'django.contrib.contenttypes',
        # 启用 sessio 数据库存储
        'django.contrib.sessions',
        'django.contrib.messages',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    ]

3、数据库设置

DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
            'NAME': 'student',
            'USER': 'root',
            'PASSWORD': '123456',
            'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
            'PORT': '3306',
            'OPTIONS': {'charset': 'utf8mb4'},
        }
    }

4、设置模板路径

TEMPLATES = [
        {
            'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
            # 绝对路径 模板文件配置
            'DIRS': ['E:/python_workspace/djangosite/template'],
            'APP_DIRS': True,
            'OPTIONS': {
                'context_processors': [
                    'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                    'django.template.context_processors.request',
                    'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                    'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                ],
            },
        },
    ]

5、配置显示和时区选择

# 配置显示中文和时间区间
    LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
    
    TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
    
    USE_I18N = True
    
    USE_L10N = True
    
    USE_TZ = True

第四步：数据库数据同步，执行如下指令：

在终端Terminal 项目目录下执行数据表更新命令：

`python manage.py makemigrations`

`python manage.py migrate`

`查看相关数据库是否生成：`django\_session表

第五步：编写应用视图函数和应用路由函数

/sessionapp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response
    from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
    from django import forms
    
    
    class UserForm(forms.Form):
        username = forms.CharField()
        password = forms.CharField()
    
    
    # 用户登录
    def login(req):
        if req.method == "POST":
            uf = UserForm(req.POST)
            if uf.is_valid():
                username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
                password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
                # 把获取表单的用户名传递给session对象
                req.session['username'] = username
                req.session['password'] = password
    
                return HttpResponseRedirect('/sessionapp/index/')
        else:
            uf = UserForm()
        return render_to_response('login.html', {'uf': uf})
    
    
    # 登录之后跳转页
    def index(req):
        username = req.session.get('username', 'anybody')
        password = req.session.get('password', '')
    
        return render_to_response('index.html', {'username': username})
    
    
    # 注销动作
    def logout(req):
        del req.session['username']  # 删除session
        del req.session['password']
        return HttpResponse('logout ok!')

/sessionapp/url.py

from django.conf.urls import url
    from . import views
    
    urlpatterns = [
        url(r'^login/$', views.login),
        url(r'^index/$', views.index),
        url(r'^logout/$', views.logout),
    ]

第六步：编写项目路由函数

/djangosite/url.py

"""djangosite URL Configuration
    
    The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
        https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
    Examples:
    Function views
        1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
        2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
    Class-based views
        1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
        2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
    Including another URLconf
        1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
        2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
    """
    from django.contrib import admin
    from django.urls import path
    from django.conf.urls import include
    
    urlpatterns = [
        path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
        path('sessionapp/', include('sessionapp.urls')),
    
    ]

第七步：编辑模板文件：

index.html

<div>
       <h1>welcome {
       {username}}</h1>
       <a href="/sessionapp/logout">logout</a>
    </div>

项目结构图：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pob3V6aGl3ZW5nYW5n_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

django\_session表记录：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pob3V6aGl3ZW5nYW5n_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

[20190414233032427.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190414233032427.png
[2019041423310121.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019041423310121.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pob3V6aGl3ZW5nYW5n_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190414234137185.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pob3V6aGl3ZW5nYW5n,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pob3V6aGl3ZW5nYW5n_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190414234325588.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3pob3V6aGl3ZW5nYW5n,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70