Android开发-使用am命令启动Activity，Service等组件，以及发送广播等操作

r囧r小猫 2023-10-17 13:05 93阅读 0赞

#### am命令简介： ####

am是一个可执行程序，全称是activity manager（还记得ActivityManager类么？）。am命令可以启动一个activity或service，发送一个BroadCast，也可以进行诸如杀进程等强大的功能。

am在Android系统中的源码位置：

> frameworks\\base\\cmds\\am\\src\\com\\android\\commands\\am

#### am help: ####

在adb shell命令行，输入am或者am help，可以列出am的使用帮助信息，部分信息如下：

> 255|generic\_x86:/ \# am
> 
> Activity manager (activity) commands:
> 
> help
> 
> Print this help text.
> 
> start-activity \[-D\] \[-N\] \[-W\] \[-P <FILE>\] \[--start-profiler <FILE>\]
> 
> \[--sampling INTERVAL\] \[--streaming\] \[-R COUNT\] \[-S\]
> 
> \[--track-allocation\] \[--user <USER\_ID> | current\] <INTENT>
> 
> Start an Activity. Options are:
> 
> \-D: enable debugging
> 
> \-N: enable native debugging
> 
> \-W: wait for launch to complete
> 
> \--start-profiler <FILE>: start profiler and send results to <FILE>
> 
> \--sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
> 
> between samples (use with --start-profiler)
> 
> \--streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file
> 
> (use with --start-profiler)
> 
> \-P <FILE>: like above, but profiling stops when app goes idle
> 
> \--attach-agent <agent>: attach the given agent before binding
> 
> \-R: repeat the activity launch <COUNT> times. Prior to each repeat,
> 
> the top activity will be finished.
> 
> \-S: force stop the target app before starting the activity
> 
> \--track-allocation: enable tracking of object allocations
> 
> \--user <USER\_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
> 
> specified then run as the current user.
> 
> \--stack <STACK\_ID>: Specify into which stack should the activity be put.
> 
> start-service \[--user <USER\_ID> | current\] <INTENT>
> 
> Start a Service. Options are:
> 
> \--user <USER\_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
> 
> specified then run as the current user.
> 
> start-foreground-service \[--user <USER\_ID> | current\] <INTENT>

#### am命令常用参数说明： ####

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>命令</th> 
   <th>功能</th> 
   <th>实现方法</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am start [options]</td> 
   <td>启动Activity</td> 
   <td>startActivityAsUser</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am startservice</td> 
   <td>启动Service</td> 
   <td>startService</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am stopservice</td> 
   <td>停止Service</td> 
   <td>stopService</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am broadcast</td> 
   <td>发送广播</td> 
   <td>broadcastIntent</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am restart</td> 
   <td>重启</td> 
   <td>restart</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am dumpheap &lt;pid&gt; &lt;file&gt;</td> 
   <td>进程pid的堆信息输出到file</td> 
   <td>dumpheap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am send-trim-memory &lt;pid&gt; &lt;level&gt;</td> 
   <td>收紧进程的内存</td> 
   <td>setProcessMemoryTrimLevel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am kill &lt;PACKAGE&gt;</td> 
   <td>杀指定后台进程</td> 
   <td>killBackgroundProcesses</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am kill-all</td> 
   <td>杀所有后台进程</td> 
   <td>killAllBackgroundProcesses</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am force-stop &lt;PACKAGE&gt;</td> 
   <td>强杀进程</td> 
   <td>forceStopPackage</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am hang</td> 
   <td>系统卡住</td> 
   <td>hang</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>am monitor</td> 
   <td>监控</td> 
   <td>MyActivityController.run</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

#### am命令举例： ####

（1）启动一个activity：

am start -n PackageName/PackageName.ActivityName

> 1. Camera（照相机）的启动方法为：
> 
> \# am start -n com.android.camera/com.android.camera.Camera
> 
> 2. Browser（浏览器）的启动方法为：
> 
> \# am start -n com.android.browser/com.android.browser.BrowserActivity
> 
> 3. 启动浏览器(打开网址) :
> 
> am start -a android.intent.action.VIEW -d http://www.163.com

（2）启动service：

adb shell am startservice -n PackageName/services name

> adb shell am startservice -n com.test.myapp/.MyService

(3)发送一个广播:

am broadcast

> 用am发送开机广播的命令：
> 
> am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT\_COMPLETED

am broadcast的参数：

>   
>   
> \[-a <ACTION>\]  
> \[-d <DATA\_URI>\]  
> \[-t <MIME\_TYPE>\]  
> \[-c <CATEGORY> \[-c <CATEGORY>\] ...\]  
> \[-e|--es <EXTRA\_KEY> <EXTRA\_STRING\_VALUE> ...\]  
> \[--ez <EXTRA\_KEY> <EXTRA\_BOOLEAN\_VALUE> ...\]  
> \[-e|--ei <EXTRA\_KEY> <EXTRA\_INT\_VALUE> ...\]  
> \[-n <COMPONENT>\]  
> \[-f <FLAGS>\] \[<URI>\]

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