安卓三种方式解析xml

迷南。 2023-10-17 10:37 27阅读 0赞

今天研究了下三种方法解析xml，接下来呢就分享给大家

首先给大家看一下xml里面是什么

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<persons>  
<person id="001">  
<name>打靶鬼</name>  
<sex>男</sex>  
<age>18</age>  
</person>  
<person id="002">  
<name>亚兰</name>  
<sex>女</sex>  
<age>20</age>  
</person>  
<person id="003">  
<name>开花</name>  
<sex>女</sex>  
<age>18</age>  
</person>  
<person id="004">  
<name>俊祥</name>  
<sex>男</sex>  
<age>16</age>  
</person>  
<person id="005">  
<name>摆子</name>  
<sex>男</sex>  
<age>22</age>  
</person>  
<person id="006">  
<name>小强</name>  
<sex>男</sex>  
<age>23</age>  
</person>  
</persons>

而通过解析xml可以得到啊每一个属性的值或者每一个标签的值

三种方法都标注了，一种是DOM解析，Sax解析最后是PULL解析

直接上代码给大家看，但请求的是服务器上的xml，所以那个请求地址需要注意

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/activity_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        tools:context="com.liuqian.android29_parsexml.MainActivity">
    
        <Button
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="解析XML"
            android:onClick="parseXML"/>
    
    </RelativeLayout>

然后呢就是Java文件中的代码

package com.liuqian.android29_parsexml;
    
    import android.os.AsyncTask;
    import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.util.Xml;
    import android.view.View;
    
    import org.w3c.dom.Document;
    import org.w3c.dom.Element;
    import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
    import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
    import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
    import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
    import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
    import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.URL;
    
    import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
    import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
    import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
    import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private String currentTag;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        }
    
        //解析XML
        public void parseXML(View view){
            new MyTask().execute();
        }
    
        //线程间通信机制
        // 子线程+Handler
        //异步任务类 AsyncTask
    
        class MyTask extends AsyncTask{
    
            @Override
            protected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {
                //01获取网络XML数据
                //原生态底层   URLConnection
                try{
                    URL url=new URL("http://192.168.43.4:8080/person.xml");
                    HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    //设置请求方式
                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                    //设置请求连接超时的时间（优化）
                    connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                    //获取结果码
                    int code=connection.getResponseCode();
                    if(code==200){
      //成功
                        //获取服务器返回过来的结果
                        InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();
    
                       /* //1.DOM解析
                        //解析工厂的创建
                        DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                        //解析器的创建
                        DocumentBuilder documentBuilder=documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
                        //document的解析
                        Document document=documentBuilder.parse(is);
                        //获取跟标签
                        Element root=document.getDocumentElement();
                        //获取<persons>下面的所有的子标签<person>
                        NodeList nodeList=root.getElementsByTagName("person");
                        //遍历
                        for (int i = 0; i <nodeList.getLength() ; i++) {
                            //获取单个
                            Element personElement= (Element) nodeList.item(i);
                            //获取person标签属性的值
                            String id=personElement.getAttribute("id");
                            //获取<person>下面的子标签   name  age   sex
                            Element nameElement= (Element) personElement.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0);
                            String name=nameElement.getTextContent();
                            Element ageElement= (Element) personElement.getElementsByTagName("age").item(0);
                            String age=ageElement.getTextContent();
                            Element sexElement= (Element) personElement.getElementsByTagName("sex").item(0);
                            String sex=sexElement.getTextContent();
                            Log.i("test",name+age+sex);
                        }*/
    
                        /*//2.SAX  边读边解析，基于事件  驱动方法
                        //工厂解析器
                        SAXParserFactory saxParseractory=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
                        //解析器
                        SAXParser saxParser=saxParseractory.newSAXParser();
                        saxParser.parse(is,new DefaultHandler(){
    
                            @Override
                            public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
                                super.startDocument();
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
                                super.endDocument();
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
                                super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
                                currentTag = localName;
                                //获取开始标签的名字
                                if("person".equals(localName)){
                                    //取属性的值
                                    String id=attributes.getValue(0);
                                    Log.i("test",id);
                                }
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {
                                super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
                                currentTag=null;
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
                                super.characters(ch, start, length);
                                if("name".equals(currentTag)){
                                    //获取<name>的值
                                    String name=new String(ch,start,length);
                                    Log.i("test","     "+name);
                                }else if("age".equals(currentTag)){
                                    //获取<name>的值
                                    String age=new String(ch,start,length);
                                    Log.i("test","     "+age);
                                }else if("sex".equals(currentTag)){
                                    //获取<name>的值
                                    String sex=new String(ch,start,length);
                                    Log.i("test","     "+sex);
                                }
                            }
                        });*/
    
                        //03 使用PULL解析
                       /* XmlPullParser xmlPullParser= Xml.newPullParser();
                        xmlPullParser.setInput(is,"UTF-8");
    
                        //获取解析的标签的类型
                        int type=xmlPullParser.getEventType();
                        while (type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){//当不是结束标签的时候才进去获取值
                            switch (type){
                                case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
                                    //获取开始标签名字
                                    String startName=xmlPullParser.getName();
                                    if("person".equals(startName)){
                                        //获取id的值
                                        String id=xmlPullParser.getAttributeValue(0);
                                        Log.i("test",id);
                                    }else if("name".equals(startName)){
                                        //获取id的值
                                        String name=xmlPullParser.nextText();
                                        Log.i("test",name);
                                    }else if("age".equals(startName)){
                                        //获取id的值
                                        String age=xmlPullParser.nextText();
                                        Log.i("test",age);
                                    }else if("sex".equals(startName)){
                                        //获取id的值
                                        String sex=xmlPullParser.nextText();
                                        Log.i("test",sex);
                                    }
                                    break;
                                case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
    
                                    break;
                            }
                            type=xmlPullParser.next();
                        }*/
                    }
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }
    
            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
                super.onPostExecute(o);
                //展示
    
            }
        }
    
    }

上面有三种解析方式，都有注释，然后就是权限问题了在manifest里面嘉峪关网络的权限就好了

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>

代码也就分享到这里了，如有失误，本人虚心接受指正，谢谢！！