Android的Okhttp框架之post、get用法讲解(落雨敏)

我就是我 2023-10-17 10:14 20阅读 0赞

**前言:okhttp作为Android主流网络框架之一,但在近日okhttp网络请求却比较火，主要原因是在谷歌官方在6.0以后在Android sdk已经移除了httpClient,加入我们okHttp。在常用的框架之中( volley，Retrofit，OKHttp等)，我比较喜欢使用OKHttp。OkHttp是一个现代，快速，高效的Http client，OkHttp使用Okio来大大简化数据的访问与存储，Okio是一个增强 java.io 和java.nio的库。(最下面实例源码下载)**  
 博主在此介绍常用功能的使用:  
1、Get请求(同步和异步)；  
2、POST请求表单(key-value)；  
3、POST请求提交(JSON/String等)；  
4、文件下载；  
5、文件上传；  
6、图片缓存加载  
首先，下载okhttp、okio的jar包，将其包加入到项目中 ，方便使用。post、get、上传、下载等，都封装在一个工具类，方便调用。  
(1)工具类——UtilOkHttp  
//post请求编码  
private static final MediaType JSON= MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");  
//设置请求超时等  
static \{  
client.newBuilder().connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
client.newBuilder().readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
client.newBuilder().writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
\}  
//创建对象  
private static OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();  
//-------------------------------同步get-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static void  get_T(String url,final Handler handler) {
    		   final Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    		   new Thread(new Runnable() {
    			@Override
    			public void run() {
    				try {
    					Response response=client.newCall(request).execute();
    				     if( response.isSuccessful()){
    			 	    	 returns=response.body().string();
    			 	    	 Log.i("test","get同步请求成功"+ returns);
    			 	    	 Message msg1=new Message();
    						  msg1.what=1;
    						  msg1.obj=returns;
    					      handler.sendMessage(msg1);
    			 	       }
    			 	      else{
    			 	    	 returns="请求失败";
    			 	    	 Log.i("test","get同步请求失败"+ returns);
    					 }
    				 } catch (IOException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    				
    			}
    			  
    		   }).start();
    	}

//-----------------------------------get异步-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static void get_Y(String url,final Handler handler){
    		Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    		client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    			
    			@Override
    			public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    				if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
    					    returns=arg1.body().string();
    					    Log.i("test","get异步请求成功，返回returns的值:"+ returns);
    					    Message msg2=new Message();
    						  msg2.what=2;
    						  msg2.obj=returns;
    					      handler.sendMessage(msg2);
    				}
    				else{
    					Log.i("test","get异步请求成功，返回NO:");
    				}
    				
    			}
    			
    			@Override
    			public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    				Log.i("test","get异步请求失败"+ arg0.toString());
    				
    			}
    		});
    		
    
    
    	}

//------------------------------------post表单------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static void post_Form(String url,String key,String value,final Handler handler){
    			FormBody requestBody=new FormBody.Builder().add(key, value).build();
    			Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8")                             .post(requestBody).build();
    			client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    					 if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
    						 returns=arg1.body().string();
    						 Log.i("test","post表单请求成功,返回ok=returns:"+returns);
    						   Message msg3=new Message();
    							  msg3.what=3;
    							  msg3.obj=returns;
    						      handler.sendMessage(msg3);
    					 }
    					 else {
    						 Log.i("test","post表单请求成功,返回NO");
    					}	
    				}
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test","post表单请求失败");	
    				}
    			});
    			 Log.i("test","post表单请求成功,方法完成"+returns);
    	
    		}

//--------------------------------------post的josn-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static void post_Json(String url, String json){
    			RequestBody body=RequestBody.create(JSON, json);
    			Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).post(body).build();
    			client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
                         if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
                        	 returns=arg1.body().string();
                        	 Log.i("test","post-json请求成功,返回ok:"+returns);
                         }
                         else {
                        	 Log.i("test","post-json请求成功,返回NO");
    					}
    					
    				}
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test","post-json请求失败"+arg0.toString());
    				}
    			});
    		}

//---------------------------------------get异步请求图片-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static void get_Bitmap(String url,final Handler handler){
    			Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    			client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    						byte [] by=arg1.body().bytes();
    						bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(by, 0, by.length);
    						Log.i("test", "get请求图片成功,返回OK");
    						 Message msg4=new Message();
    						   msg4.what=4;
    						   msg4.obj=bitmap;
    					       handler.sendMessage(msg4);
    					
    				}	
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test", "get异步请求图片失败");
    				}
    			});
    
    
    		}

//----------------------------------------get异步文件下载-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static void get_Y_FileDown(String url,final String path_up,final String saveName,final Handler handler){
    			  Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    			  client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    		
    					InputStream is = arg1.body().byteStream();// 把请求成功的response转为字节流
    					FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(path_up,saveName));//文件输出流，本地存
    					 byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];//每次循环读取2K的数据
    				        int len = 0;
    				        while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
    				    	       os.write(buffer, 0, len);
    				    	       Log.i("test", "图片大小:"+len);
    				             }
    				         os.flush();
    				         os.close();
    				         is.close();
    						Log.i("test", "get异步请求文件下载成功,返回完成数据");
    						returns="下载成功";
    						 Message msg5=new Message();
    						   msg5.what=5;
    						   msg5.obj=returns;
    					       handler.sendMessage(msg5);
    					
    				}
    				
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test", "get异步请求文件下载失败");
    					returns="下载请求失败";
    				}
    			});
    	
    		}

//----------------------------------------post文件上传-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

public static String post_Y_FileUp(String url,String path, String fileName,final Handler handler){
    			//上传图片
    			  File f1 = new File( path+ fileName); 
    			    Log.i("test", "文件路径:"+path+fileName);
    			    if(f1.exists()){
    			    	Log.i("test", "文件存在");
    			    }
    			    else {
    			    	
    			    	Log.i("test", "文件不存在");
    				}
    		    RequestBody fileBody1=RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream") , f1);  
    		   //form的分割线,自己定义
    		    String boundary = "xx--------------------------------------------------------------xx";
    		    MultipartBody mBody = new MultipartBody.Builder(boundary).setType(MultipartBody.FORM)  
    		            //.addFormDataPart("lin" , "123")  
    		            .addFormDataPart("file" ,fileName, fileBody1)  
    		            .build(); 
    		    Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).post(fileBody1).build();
    		    client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    					if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
    						 returns=arg1.body().string();
    						 Log.i("test","post文件上传成功,返回ok=returns:"+returns);
    						   Message msg6=new Message();
    							  msg6.what=6;
    							  msg6.obj=returns;
    						      handler.sendMessage(msg6);
    					}
    					else {
    						Log.i("test", "post异步请求文件上传成功,未完成");
    					}
    				}
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test", "post异步请求文件上传失败");
    					
    				}
    			});
    			
    			return fileName;
    		}
    }

//-----------------------------------------------封装类(全部代码)----------------------------------------------------------------------

package com.tools;
    
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    
    import okhttp3.Call;
    import okhttp3.Callback;
    import okhttp3.FormBody;
    import okhttp3.MediaType;
    import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
    import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
    import okhttp3.Request;
    import okhttp3.RequestBody;
    import okhttp3.Response;
    import android.graphics.Bitmap;
    import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
    import android.os.Handler;
    import android.os.Message;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    
    public class UtilOkHttp {
    	private static final MediaType JSON= MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");//post请求编码
    	private static String  returns;//返回字符
    	private static Bitmap  bitmap;//返回图片
    	private static  OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();
    	static {
    		client.newBuilder().connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    		client.newBuilder().readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    		client.newBuilder().writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    	}
    	
    	//-------------------------------同步get-------------------------------------------
    	public static void  get_T(String url,final Handler handler) {
    		   final Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    		   new Thread(new Runnable() {
    			@Override
    			public void run() {
    				try {
    					Response response=client.newCall(request).execute();
    				     if( response.isSuccessful()){
    			 	    	 returns=response.body().string();
    			 	    	 Log.i("test","get同步请求成功"+ returns);
    			 	    	 Message msg1=new Message();
    						  msg1.what=1;
    						  msg1.obj=returns;
    					      handler.sendMessage(msg1);
    			 	       }
    			 	      else{
    			 	    	 returns="请求失败";
    			 	    	 Log.i("test","get同步请求失败"+ returns);
    					 }
    				 } catch (IOException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    				
    			}
    			  
    		   }).start();
    	}
    	 //-----------------------------------get异步-----------------------------------------------------
    	public static void get_Y(String url,final Handler handler){
    		Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    		client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    			
    			@Override
    			public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    				if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
    					    returns=arg1.body().string();
    					    Log.i("test","get异步请求成功，返回returns的值:"+ returns);
    					    Message msg2=new Message();
    						  msg2.what=2;
    						  msg2.obj=returns;
    					      handler.sendMessage(msg2);
    				}
    				else{
    					Log.i("test","get异步请求成功，返回NO:");
    				}
    				
    			}
    			
    			@Override
    			public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    				Log.i("test","get异步请求失败"+ arg0.toString());
    				
    			}
    		});
    		
    
    
    	}
    	//------------------------------------post表单------------------------------------------------
    		public static void post_Form(String url,String key,String value,final Handler handler){
    			FormBody requestBody=new FormBody.Builder().add(key, value).build();
    			Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8")                             .post(requestBody).build();
    			client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    					 if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
    						 returns=arg1.body().string();
    						 Log.i("test","post表单请求成功,返回ok=returns:"+returns);
    						   Message msg3=new Message();
    							  msg3.what=3;
    							  msg3.obj=returns;
    						      handler.sendMessage(msg3);
    					 }
    					 else {
    						 Log.i("test","post表单请求成功,返回NO");
    					}	
    				}
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test","post表单请求失败");	
    				}
    			});
    			 Log.i("test","post表单请求成功,方法完成"+returns);
    	
    		}
    		//-----------------------------------post的josn-------------------------------------
    		public static void post_Json(String url, String json){
    			RequestBody body=RequestBody.create(JSON, json);
    			Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).post(body).build();
    			client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
                         if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
                        	 returns=arg1.body().string();
                        	 Log.i("test","post-json请求成功,返回ok:"+returns);
                         }
                         else {
                        	 Log.i("test","post-json请求成功,返回NO");
    					}
    					
    				}
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test","post-json请求失败"+arg0.toString());
    				}
    			});
    		}
    		//---------------------------------------get异步请求图片------------------------------------------------
    		public static void get_Bitmap(String url,final Handler handler){
    			Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    			client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    						byte [] by=arg1.body().bytes();
    						bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(by, 0, by.length);
    						Log.i("test", "get请求图片成功,返回OK");
    						 Message msg4=new Message();
    						   msg4.what=4;
    						   msg4.obj=bitmap;
    					       handler.sendMessage(msg4);
    					
    				}	
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test", "get异步请求图片失败");
    				}
    			});
    
    
    		}
    		//----------------------------------------get异步文件下载-------------------------------------------------------
    		public static void get_Y_FileDown(String url,final String path_up,final String saveName,final Handler handler){
    			  Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
    			  client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    		
    					InputStream is = arg1.body().byteStream();// 把请求成功的response转为字节流
    					FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(path_up,saveName));//文件输出流，本地存
    					 byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];//每次循环读取2K的数据
    				        int len = 0;
    				        while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
    				    	       os.write(buffer, 0, len);
    				    	       Log.i("test", "图片大小:"+len);
    				             }
    				         os.flush();
    				         os.close();
    				         is.close();
    						Log.i("test", "get异步请求文件下载成功,返回完成数据");
    						returns="下载成功";
    						 Message msg5=new Message();
    						   msg5.what=5;
    						   msg5.obj=returns;
    					       handler.sendMessage(msg5);
    					
    				}
    				
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test", "get异步请求文件下载失败");
    					returns="下载请求失败";
    				}
    			});
    	
    		}
    		//----------------------------------------post文件上传-------------------------------------------------------
    		public static String post_Y_FileUp(String url,String path, String fileName,final Handler handler){
    			//上传图片
    			  File f1 = new File( path+ fileName); 
    			    Log.i("test", "文件路径:"+path+fileName);
    			    if(f1.exists()){
    			    	Log.i("test", "文件存在");
    			    }
    			    else {
    			    	
    			    	Log.i("test", "文件不存在");
    				}
    		    RequestBody fileBody1=RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream") , f1);  
    		   //form的分割线,自己定义
    		    String boundary = "xx--------------------------------------------------------------xx";
    		    MultipartBody mBody = new MultipartBody.Builder(boundary).setType(MultipartBody.FORM)  
    		            //.addFormDataPart("lin" , "123")  
    		            .addFormDataPart("file" ,fileName, fileBody1)  
    		            .build(); 
    		    Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).post(fileBody1).build();
    		    client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    				
    				@Override
    				public void onResponse(Call arg0, Response arg1) throws IOException {
    					if(arg1.isSuccessful()){
    						 returns=arg1.body().string();
    						 Log.i("test","post文件上传成功,返回ok=returns:"+returns);
    						   Message msg6=new Message();
    							  msg6.what=6;
    							  msg6.obj=returns;
    						      handler.sendMessage(msg6);
    					}
    					else {
    						Log.i("test", "post异步请求文件上传成功,未完成");
    					}
    				}
    				@Override
    				public void onFailure(Call arg0, IOException arg1) {
    					Log.i("test", "post异步请求文件上传失败");
    					
    				}
    			});
    			
    			return fileName;
    		}
    }

**(2)、Activity的调用(直接上全部源码)**

package com.example.okhttpt;
    
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.graphics.Bitmap;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.os.Environment;
    import android.os.Handler;
    import android.os.Message;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    
    import com.tools.UtilOkHttp;
    
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity {
      private Button bt_get,bt_getY,bt_post,bt_fileup,bt_filedown,bt_img;
      private ImageView iv;
      private TextView tv;
      private String back_str;
      private String url="http://cache.video.iqiyi.com/jp/avlist/202861101/1/?callback=jsonp9";
      private String posturl="https://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm";
      private String url2 = "http://www.kuaidi100.com/query?type=yuantong&postid=229728279823";
      private String url3="http://image.tianjimedia.com/uploadImages/upload/20161225/pffzbsobi4ujpg.jpg";
    	@Override
    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    		init();
    		
    	}
     
    	private Handler handler=new Handler(){
    		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
    			if(msg.what==1){
    			  tv.setText(msg.obj+"");
    			}
    			if(msg.what==2){
    			  tv.setText(msg.obj+"");
    			}
    			if(msg.what==3){
    				  tv.setText(msg.obj+"");
    				}
    			if(msg.what==4){
    				 iv.setImageBitmap((Bitmap) msg.obj);  
    				}
    			if(msg.what==5){
    				  tv.setText(msg.obj+"");
    				}
    			if(msg.what==6){
    				  tv.setText(msg.obj+"");
    				}
    			  
    		};
    	};
    	private void init() {
    		bt_get=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_get);
    		bt_get.setOnClickListener(new MyListener());
    		bt_getY=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_getY);
    		bt_getY.setOnClickListener(new MyListener());
    		
    		bt_post=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_post);
    		bt_post.setOnClickListener(new MyListener());
    		
    		bt_fileup=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_fileup);
    		bt_fileup.setOnClickListener(new MyListener());
    		
    		bt_filedown=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_filedown);
    		bt_filedown.setOnClickListener(new MyListener());
    		
    		bt_img=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_img);
    		bt_img.setOnClickListener(new MyListener());
    		
    		iv=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
    		
    		
    		tv=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
    		
    		
    	}
    
    
    	class MyListener implements OnClickListener{
    		 
    		@Override
    		public void onClick(View v) {
    			switch (v.getId()) {
    			case R.id.bt_get:
    				  UtilOkHttp.get_T(url,handler);
    				break;
    			case R.id.bt_getY:
    				  UtilOkHttp.get_Y(url2,handler);
    				break;	
    			case R.id.bt_post:
    			      UtilOkHttp.post_Form(posturl, "tel", "15850781443",handler);
    				break;
    			case R.id.bt_filedown:
    				 String path_up=Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM).getAbsolutePath();
    				 UtilOkHttp.get_Y_FileDown(url3, path_up, "liuyifei2.jpg",handler);
    				break;
    			
    			case R.id.bt_img:   
    				UtilOkHttp.get_Bitmap(url3,handler);
    				break;
    			case R.id.bt_fileup:
    				 String url="http://192.168.1.145:8080/ServletWeb/servlet/MyServlet";
    				 String path_Up=Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM).getAbsolutePath()+"/";
    				//OkHttpUtil.post_Form(url, "chen", "520", handler);
    				 UtilOkHttp.post_Y_FileUp(url, path_Up, "liuyifei2.jpg",handler);
    				break;
    
    
    			default:
    				break;
    			}
    			
    		}
    		
    	}
    
    
    		
    }

**(3)、xml全部源码**

**(4)、需要的权限  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE\_EXTERNAL\_STORAGE" />  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ\_EXTERNAL\_STORAGE" />  
(5)、效果图（部分方法效果图,剩下的截图交给你们了）**  
  
  
![Center][] ![Center 1][] ![Center 2][]  
  
**(6)、免费下载全部实例代码（注释更全,更完善）**  
**http://download.csdn.net/detail/lin857/9743847**

[Center]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170123173523428?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGluODU3/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170123173538225?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGluODU3/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170123173549198?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGluODU3/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center