【SpringBoot】7 种实现 HTTP 调用的方式

Dear 丶 2023-10-12 17:08 22阅读 0赞

作者在工作中，遇到一些需要调用三方接口的任务，就需要用到 HTTP 调用工具。这里，我总结了一下 实现 HTTP 调用的方式，共有 7 种（后续会继续新增），分别如下：

*  `HttpClient`
 *  `OkHttp`
 *  `OKHttpUtil`
 *  `Jodd HTTP`
 *  `Hutool HTTP`
 *  `RestTemplate`
 *  `forest`

### 1. HttpClient ###

<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    	<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    	<version>4.5.6</version>
    </dependency>

public class HttpClientUtil {
        
    
        public static String get(String url, Map<String, String> urlParam, Map<String, String> header, boolean ssl) {
        
            return get(url, urlParam, header, CharEncoding.UTF_8, ssl);
        }
    
        public static String get(String url, Map<String, String> urlParams, Map<String, String> headers, String charSet, boolean ssl) {
        
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(charSet == null ? addParams(url, urlParams) : addParamsWithCharSet(url, urlParams, charSet));
            return getResponse(httpGet, charSet, headers, ssl);
        }
        
        // 以请求体JSON发送数据
        public static String postJson(String url, Map<String, String> urlParams, Map<String, String> headers, String data, boolean ssl) {
        
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(addParams(url, urlParams));
            httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(data, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON));
            return getResponse(httpPost, CharEncoding.UTF_8, headers, ssl);
        }
        
        // 以表单的形式发送数据
        public static String postForm(String url, Map<String, String> urlParams, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> data, boolean ssl) {
        
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(addParams(url, urlParams));
            ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", Consts.UTF_8);
            if (Objects.isNull(headers)) {
        
                headers = new HashMap<>();
            }
            headers.put("Content-Type", contentType.toString());
            List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : data.entrySet()) {
        
                list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
            }
            if (list.size() > 0) {
        
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = null;
                try {
        
                    entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, CharEncoding.UTF_8);
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            return getResponse(httpPost, CharEncoding.UTF_8, headers, ssl);
        }
        
        // 获取响应数据
        private static String getResponse(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase, String charSet, Map<String, String> headers, boolean ssl) {
        
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
            try {
        
                httpClient = ssl ? getHttpClient() : HttpClients.createDefault();
                httpRequestBase.setConfig(getRequestConfig());
                if (headers.size() > 0) {
        
                    httpRequestBase.setHeaders(getHeaders(headers));
                }
                CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpRequestBase);
                int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
                if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == statusCode) {
        
                    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                    String res = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charSet);
                    EntityUtils.consume(entity);
                    return res;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
        
                try {
        
                    if (Objects.nonNull(httpClient)) {
        
                        httpClient.close();
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
        
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            throw new RuntimeException("调用失败");
        }
    
        private static RequestConfig getRequestConfig() {
        
            return RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(6000 * 2).setConnectionRequestTimeout(6000 * 2).setSocketTimeout(6000 * 2).build();
        }
    
        private static String addParams(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
        
            return addParamsWithCharSet(url, params, CharEncoding.UTF_8);
        }
    
        private static String addParamsWithCharSet(String url, Map<String, String> params, String charSet) {
        
            if (params == null || params.isEmpty()) {
        
                return url;
            }
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            try {
        
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
        
                    sb.append("&").append(entry.getKey()).append("=");
                    sb.append(charSet == null ? entry.getValue() : URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), charSet));
                }
                if (!url.contains("?")) {
        
                    sb.deleteCharAt(0).insert(0, "?");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return url + sb;
        }
    
       // HTTPS client 创建
        public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
        
            X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
        
                @Override
                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
        }
    
                @Override
                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
        }
    
                @Override
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        
                    return null;
                }
            };
            SSLContext context = null;
            try {
        
                context = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
                context.init(null, new TrustManager[]{
        trustManager}, null);
                return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(context)).build();
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
                throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    
        // 设置请求头
        private static Header[] getHeaders(Map<String, String> header) {
        
            if (header.size() == 0) {
        
                return new Header[]{
        };
            }
            List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<>();
            for (String key : header.keySet()) {
        
                headers.add(new BasicHeader(key, header.get(key)));
            }
            return headers.toArray(new Header[]{
        });
        }
    
    }

使用：

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public class TestController {
        
    
        @GetMapping("/queryById")
        public String queryById(String id) {
        
            Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            params.put("id", id);
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcxNjM4MDcsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.BUeqjiBQrH0DCfciRQsWo1P1XOoIxXNuNaM27vjAmys");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/queryById";
            return HttpClientUtil.get(url, params, headers, false);
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add")
        public String add() {
        
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcxNjM4MDcsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.BUeqjiBQrH0DCfciRQsWo1P1XOoIxXNuNaM27vjAmys");
            UserVo userVo = new UserVo();
            userVo.setId(1L);
            userVo.setName("zzc");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/add";
            return HttpClientUtil.postJson(url, null, headers, JSON.toJSONString(userVo),false);
        }
    
    }

### 2.OkHttp ###

<dependency>
    	<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
    	<artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
    	<version>3.14.7</version>
    </dependency>

public class OkHttpUtil {
        
    
        private static volatile OkHttpClient okHttpClient = null;
        private static volatile Semaphore semaphore = null;
        private Map<String, String> headerMap;
        private Map<String, Object> paramMap;
        private String url;
        private Request.Builder request;
        private String body;
    
        private OkHttpUtil() {
        
            if (Objects.isNull(okHttpClient)) {
        
                synchronized (OkHttpUtil.class) {
        
                    if (Objects.isNull(okHttpClient)) {
        
                        TrustManager[] trustManagers = buildTrustManager();
                        okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                                .connectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                                .writeTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                                .readTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                                .sslSocketFactory(createSSLSocketFactory(trustManagers), (X509TrustManager)trustManagers[0])
                                .hostnameVerifier((hostname, session) -> true)
                                .retryOnConnectionFailure(true)
                                .build();
                        addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        public OkHttpUtil initGet() {
        
            request = new Request.Builder().get();
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(url);
            if (Objects.nonNull(paramMap)) {
        
                builder.append("?");
                paramMap.forEach((key, value) -> {
        
                    try {
        
                        builder.append(URLEncoder.encode(key, "utf-8"))
                                .append("=")
                                .append(URLEncoder.encode((String)value, "utf-8"))
                                .append("&");
                    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                });
                builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length() - 1);
            }
            request.url(builder.toString());
            return this;
        }
    
        public OkHttpUtil initPost(boolean isJson) {
        
            RequestBody requestBody = null;
            if (isJson) {
        
                requestBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8"), body);
            } else {
        
                FormBody.Builder formBody = new FormBody.Builder();
                if (Objects.nonNull(paramMap)) {
        
                    paramMap.forEach((x, y) -> formBody.add(x, (String) y));
                }
                requestBody = formBody.build();
            }
            request = new Request.Builder().post(requestBody).url(url);
            return this;
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description:同步请求
         * @Author: zzc
         * @Date: 2022-12-04 18:06
         * @return: java.lang.String
         **/
        public String sync() {
        
            setHeader(request);
            try {
        
                Response result = okHttpClient.newCall(request.build()).execute();
                if (result.isSuccessful()) {
        
                    return result.body().string();
                }
                throw new AiException(result.body().string());
            } catch (IOException e) {
        
                throw new AiException(e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description:异步请求，有返回值
         * @Author: zzc
         * @Date: 2022-12-04 18:05
         * @return: java.lang.String
         **/
        public String async() {
        
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            setHeader(request);
            okHttpClient.newCall(request.build()).enqueue(new Callback() {
        
                @Override
                public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
        
                    buffer.append("请求出错").append(e.getMessage());
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
        
                    if (Objects.nonNull(response.body())) {
        
                        buffer.append(response.body().string());
                        getSemaphore().release();
                    }
                }
            });
            try {
        
                getSemaphore().acquire();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return buffer.toString();
        }
    
        private static Semaphore getSemaphore() {
        
            synchronized (OkHttpUtil.class) {
        
                if (Objects.isNull(semaphore)) {
        
                    semaphore = new Semaphore(0);
                }
            }
            return semaphore;
        }
    
        public static OkHttpUtil builder() {
        
            return new OkHttpUtil();
        }
    
        public OkHttpUtil url(String url) {
        
            this.url = url;
            return this;
        }
    
        public OkHttpUtil addParam(String key, String value) {
        
            if (Objects.isNull(paramMap)) {
        
                paramMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(16);
            }
            paramMap.put(key, value);
            return this;
        }
    
        public OkHttpUtil addBody(String body) {
        
            this.body = body;
            return this;
        }
    
        public void setHeader(Request.Builder request) {
        
            if (Objects.nonNull(headerMap)) {
        
                headerMap.forEach(request::addHeader);
            }
        }
    
        public OkHttpUtil addHeader(String key, String value) {
        
            if (Objects.isNull(headerMap)) {
        
                headerMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(16);
            }
            headerMap.put(key, value);
            return this;
        }
    
        /**
         * @Description:生成安全套接字工厂，用于Https请求的证书跳过
         * @Author: zzc
         * @Date: 2022-11-30 16:03
         * @param trustManagers:
         * @return: javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
         **/
        private static SSLSocketFactory createSSLSocketFactory(TrustManager[] trustManagers) {
        
            SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = null;
            try {
        
                SSLContext ssl = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
                ssl.init(null, trustManagers, new SecureRandom());
                sslSocketFactory = ssl.getSocketFactory();
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return sslSocketFactory;
        }
    
        private static TrustManager[] buildTrustManager() {
        
            return new TrustManager[] {
        
                    new X509TrustManager() {
        
                        @Override
                        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
        
    
                        }
    
                        @Override
                        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
        
    
                        }
    
                        @Override
                        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        
                            return new X509Certificate[]{
        };
                        }
                    }
            };
        }
    
    }

public interface ICallback {
        
        void onSuccess(Call call, String data);
        void onFail(Call call, String errorMsg);
    }

使用：

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/ok")
    public class OkHttpController {
        
    
        @GetMapping("/getByNoParams")
        public String getByNoParams() {
        
            String result = OkHttpUtil.builder().url("http://localhost:8080/http/listUsers")
                    .initGet()
                    .sync();
            System.out.println(result);
            return "get";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/get")
        public String get() {
        
            String result = OkHttpUtil.builder().url("http://localhost:8080/http/getUserById")
                    .addParam("id", "1")
                    .initGet()
                    .sync();
            System.out.println(result);
            return "get";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/postByNoParams")
        public String postByNoParams() {
        
            String result = OkHttpUtil.builder().url("http://localhost:8080/http/listUserList")
                    .initPost(false)
                    .sync();
            System.out.println(result);
            return "post";
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/post")
        public String post() {
        
            String result = OkHttpUtil.builder().url("http://localhost:8080/http/getUserVoById")
                    .addParam("id", "1")
                    //.addHeader()
                    .initPost(false)
                    .sync();
            System.out.println(result);
            return "post";
        }
    
    }

### 3.OKHttpUtil ###

在 Java 的世界中，Http 客户端之前一直是 Apache 家的 `HttpClient` 占据主导，但是由于此包较为庞大，API 又比较难用，因此并不使用很多场景。而新兴的 `OkHttp`、`Jodd-http` 固然好用，但是面对一些场景时，学习成本还是有一些的。针对 `OKHttp`，**`OkHttpUtil`** 做了一层封装，使 Http 请求变得无比简单。

<dependency>
        <groupId>io.github.admin4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>http</artifactId>
        <version>0.4.0</version>
    </dependency>

public class OkHttpUtil {
        
    
        public static JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams) throws IOException {
        
            Response response = HttpUtil.get(url, queryParams);
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.body().string());
        }
        
        public static JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams, Map<String, Object> headers) throws IOException {
        
            HttpRequest httpRequest = HttpRequest.get(url);
            setParams(queryParams, httpRequest);
            Response response = httpRequest.queryParams().headers(headers).execute();
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.body().string());
        }
    
        public static JSONObject post(String url, String json) throws IOException {
        
            Response response = HttpUtil.post(url, json);
            assert response.body() != null;
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.body().string());
        }
    
        public static JSONObject postForm(String url, Map<String, Object> formParams) throws IOException {
        
            Response response = HttpUtil.postForm(url, formParams);
            assert response.body() != null;
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.body().string());
        }
    
        public static JSONObject post(String url, String json, Map<String, Object> headers) throws IOException {
        
            HttpRequest httpRequest = HttpRequest.post(url);
            httpRequest.setBody(json);
            Response response = httpRequest.headers(headers).execute();
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.body().string());
        }
        
        private static void setParams(Map<String, Object> queryParams, HttpRequest httpRequest) {
        
            List<Pair> pairs = new ArrayList<>(queryParams.size());
            queryParams.forEach((x, y) -> pairs.add(Pair.of(x, y)));
            if (pairs.size() > 0) {
        
                pairs.forEach(httpRequest::queryParams);
            }
        }
    	
    	private static JSONObject upload() throws IOException {
        
            File file = new File("C:\\Users\\andanyang\\Downloads\\Sql.txt");
            Map<String, Object> formParams = new HashMap<>();
            formParams.put("key", "test");
            formParams.put("file", file);
            formParams.put("token", "WXyUseb-D4sCum-EvTIDYL-mEehwDtrSBg-Zca7t:qgOcR2gUoKmxt-VnsNb657Oatzo=:eyJzY29wZSI6InpoYW56aGkiLCJkZWFkbGluZSI6MTY2NTMwNzUxNH0=");
            Response response = HttpUtil.upload("https://upload.qiniup.com/", formParams);
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.body().string());
        }
    
        private static void download() throws IOException {
        
            HttpUtil.down("https://gitee.com/admin4j/common-http","path/");
        }
    
    }

使用：

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public class TestController {
        
    
        @GetMapping("/queryById")
        public String queryById(String id) throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();
            params.put("id", id);
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcyMjgxNjUsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.QNlQVrqiQymaeX38VXJCYhBXf3W6nQVDTmvlF0QKK-k");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/queryById";
            OkHttpUtil.get(url, params, headers);
            return "get";
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add")
        public String add() throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcxNjM4MDcsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.BUeqjiBQrH0DCfciRQsWo1P1XOoIxXNuNaM27vjAmys");
            UserVo userVo = new UserVo();
            userVo.setId(1L);
            userVo.setName("zzc");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/add";
            OkHttpUtil.post(url, JSON.toJSONString(userVo));
            return "post";
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add2")
        public String add2() throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcyMzUzOTksInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.zTOOhKS13RqWPj01fhWZoWR1Qz055uv2XG_eSIdt1NE");
            UserVo userVo = new UserVo();
            userVo.setId(1L);
            userVo.setName("zzc");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/add";
            OkHttpUtil.post(url, JSON.toJSONString(userVo), headers);
            return "post";
        }
    
    }

### 4.Jodd HTTP ###

public class JoddUtil {
        
    
        public static JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams) throws IOException {
        
            return get(url, queryParams, null);
        }
    
        public static JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
        
            HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.get(url);
            setParams(request, queryParams);
            setHeaders(request, headers);
            return getResponse(request);
        }
    
        public static JSONObject post(String url, String json) throws IOException {
        
            return post(url, json, null);
        }
    
        public static JSONObject post(String url, String json, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
        
            HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.post(url);
            request.contentType("application/json");
            request.charset("utf-8");
            setHeaders(request, headers);
            request.body(json);
            return getResponse(request);
        }
    
        public static JSONObject postForm(String url, Map<String, Object> formParams) throws IOException {
        
            return postForm(url, formParams, null);
        }
    
        public static JSONObject postForm(String url, Map<String, Object> formParams, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
        
            HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.post(url);
            request.form(formParams);
            setHeaders(request, headers);
            return getResponse(request);
        }
    
        private static JSONObject getResponse(HttpRequest request) {
        
            HttpResponse response = request.send();
            response.charset("UTF-8");
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.bodyText());
        }
    
        private static void setParams(HttpRequest request, Map<String, Object> queryParams) {
        
            if (Objects.nonNull(queryParams) && queryParams.size() > 0) {
        
                queryParams.forEach(request::query);
            }
        }
        
        private static void setHeaders(HttpRequest request, Map<String, String> headers) {
        
            if (Objects.nonNull(headers) && headers.size() > 0) {
        
                request.header(headers);
            }
        }
    
    }

使用：

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public class TestController {
        
    
        @GetMapping("/queryById")
        public String queryById(String id) throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            params.put("id", id);
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcyNDQ2MjQsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.adNXSJnLDXBIRzcykM2Pkh1CF3R0So6D8FZ6w18PuXs");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/queryById";
            JSONObject jsonObject = JoddUtil.get(url, params, headers);
            return "get";
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add")
        public String add() throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcyNDQ2MjQsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.adNXSJnLDXBIRzcykM2Pkh1CF3R0So6D8FZ6w18PuXs");
            UserVo userVo = new UserVo();
            userVo.setId(1L);
            userVo.setName("zzc");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/add";
            JSONObject jsonObject = JoddUtil.post(url, JSON.toJSONString(userVo), headers);
            return "post";
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add2")
        public String add2() throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, Object> formParams = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODcyNDQ2MjQsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.adNXSJnLDXBIRzcykM2Pkh1CF3R0So6D8FZ6w18PuXs");
            formParams.put("id", 1631112733290594305L);
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/add2";
            JSONObject jsonObject = JoddUtil.postForm(url, formParams, headers);
            return "post";
        }
    
    }

### 5.Hutool HTTP ###

[Http客户端工具类-HttpUtil][Http_-HttpUtil]

<dependency>
        <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
        <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        <version>5.8.6</version>
    </dependency>

public class HutoolHttpUtil {
        
    
        public static JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams) throws IOException {
        
            return get(url, queryParams, new HashMap<>(1));
        }
    
        public static JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams, Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
        
            String body = HttpRequest.get(url).form(queryParams).addHeaders(headers).execute().body();
            return JSONObject.parseObject(body);
        }
    
        public static JSONObject post(String url, String json, Map<String, String> headers) {
        
            String body = HttpRequest.post(url).body(json).addHeaders(headers).execute().body();
            return JSONObject.parseObject(body);
        }
        
    }

### 6.RestTemplate ###

@Configuration
    public class RestTemplateConfig {
        
    
        @Bean
        public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        
            return new RestTemplate();
        }
    
    }

@Component
    public class RestTemplateUtil {
        
    
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    
        public JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams) throws IOException {
        
            return get(url, queryParams, new HashMap<>(1));
        }
    
        public JSONObject get(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams, Map<String, String> headerParams) throws IOException {
        
            String tempUrl = setParamsByAppendUrl(queryParams, url);
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            headerParams.forEach(headers::add);
            HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(null, headers);
            ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.exchange(tempUrl, HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class);
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.getBody());
        }
    
        public JSONObject get2(String url, Map<String, Object> queryParams, Map<String, String> headerParams) throws IOException {
        
            String tempUrl = setParamsByPath(queryParams, url);
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            headerParams.forEach(headers::add);
            HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(null, headers);
            ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.exchange(tempUrl, HttpMethod.GET, httpEntity, String.class, queryParams);
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.getBody());
        }
    
        public JSONObject post(String url, String json, Map<String, String> headerParams) {
        
            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
            headerParams.forEach(headers::add);
            headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
            headers.add("Accept", MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.toString());
            HttpEntity<String> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(json, headers);
            ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, httpEntity, String.class);
            return JSONObject.parseObject(response.getBody());
        }
    
        private String setParamsByPath(Map<String, Object> queryParams, String url) {
        
            // url?id={id}&name={name}
            if (queryParams == null || queryParams.isEmpty()) {
        
                return url;
            }
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            try {
        
                for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : queryParams.entrySet()) {
        
                    sb.append("&").append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append("{").append(entry.getKey()).append("}");
                }
                if (!url.contains("?")) {
        
                    sb.deleteCharAt(0).insert(0, "?");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return url + sb;
        }
    
        private String setParamsByAppendUrl(Map<String, Object> queryParams, String url) {
        
            // url?id=1&name=zzc
            if (queryParams == null || queryParams.isEmpty()) {
        
                return url;
            }
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            try {
        
                for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : queryParams.entrySet()) {
        
                    sb.append("&").append(entry.getKey()).append("=");
                    sb.append(entry.getValue());
                }
                if (!url.contains("?")) {
        
                    sb.deleteCharAt(0).insert(0, "?");
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return url + sb;
        }
    
    }

使用：

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public class TestController {
        
    
        @Autowired
        private RestTemplateUtil restTemplateUtil;
    
        @GetMapping("/queryById")
        public String queryById(String id) throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            params.put("id", id);
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODczMTMxNTMsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.DStv6J23FcHRAWO5kvorfVHbao7Sih4nHPU-k4ynmeM");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/queryById";
            JSONObject jsonObject = restTemplateUtil.get2(url, params, headers);
            return "get";
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add")
        public String add() throws IOException {
        
            Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODczMTMxNTMsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoibGlqaW5nIn0.DStv6J23FcHRAWO5kvorfVHbao7Sih4nHPU-k4ynmeM");
            UserVo userVo = new UserVo();
            userVo.setId(1L);
            userVo.setName("zzc");
            String url = "http://localhost:20001/test/add";
            JSONObject jsonObject = restTemplateUtil.post(url, JSON.toJSONString(userVo), headers);
            return "post";
        }
    }

### 7.forest ###

[forest 官网][forest]

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.dtflys.forest</groupId>
        <artifactId>forest-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.32</version>
    </dependency>

配置：

forest:
      max-connections: 1000        # 连接池最大连接数
      connect-timeout: 3000        # 连接超时时间，单位为毫秒
      read-timeout: 3000           # 数据读取超时时间，单位为毫秒

扫描接口：

> 1.5.1以后版本可以跳过此步，不需要 @ForestScan 注解来指定扫描的包范围

只要在 `Springboot` 的配置类或者启动类上加上 `@ForestScan` 注解，并在 `basePackages` 属性里填上远程接口的所在的包名

public interface TestClient {
        
    
        @Get("http://localhost:20001/test/queryById")
        String queryById(@Header Map<String, Object> headerMap, @Query Map<String, Object> params);
    
        @Post("http://localhost:20001/test/add")
        String add(@Header Map<String, Object> headerMap, @JSONBody UserVo userVo);
    
    }

测试：

@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/forest")
    public class ForestController {
        
    
        @Autowired
        private TestClient testClient;
    
        @GetMapping("/queryById")
        public String queryById(Long id) {
        
            Map<String, Object> headerMap = new HashMap<>();
            Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>();
            params.put("id", id);
            headerMap.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODg4MDg3NzQsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoiYWRtaW4ifQ.xo5h1KwdCvMkRpUf4SkioYSpyP7j3thA86vrdz7AcGY");
            return testClient.queryById(headerMap, params);
        }
    
        @PostMapping("/add")
        public String add(@RequestBody UserVo userVo) {
        
            Map<String, Object> headerMap = new HashMap<>();
            headerMap.put("X-Access-Token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJleHAiOjE2ODg4MDg3NzQsInVzZXJuYW1lIjoiYWRtaW4ifQ.xo5h1KwdCvMkRpUf4SkioYSpyP7j3thA86vrdz7AcGY");
            return testClient.add(headerMap, userVo);
        }
    
    }

[Http_-HttpUtil]: https://www.hutool.cn/docs/#/http/Http%E5%AE%A2%E6%88%B7%E7%AB%AF%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%B1%BB-HttpUtil
[forest]: https://forest.dtflyx.com/pages/1.5.32/install_guide/