【跑实验03】如何可视化GT边界框，如何选择边界框内部的边界框，如何可视化GT框和预测框，如何定义IoU阈值下的不同边界框？

我就是我 2023-10-12 16:10 17阅读 0赞

#### 文章目录 ####

*  一、如何可视化GT边界框？
 *  二、GT框和预测框的可视化
 *  三、根据IoU阈值来选择

## 一、如何可视化GT边界框？ ##

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
    
    def draw_bboxes(image, bboxes, color="red", thickness=2):
        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
        for bbox in bboxes:
            bbox = tuple(map(int, bbox))  # 将浮点数类型的坐标转换为整数类型
            draw.rectangle(bbox, outline=color, width=thickness)
        del draw
    
    # 示例用法
    image_path = "D:/CodeProject/CLIP+SAM/datasets/Objects365/Images/train/obj365_train_000000000003.jpg"  # 原始图像路径
    bboxes = [
        (46, 318, 400, 656), (0, 0, 330, 359), (373, 268, 393, 283), (73, 322, 98, 374), (280, 269, 307, 306), (40, 305, 69, 353), \
        (243, 260, 268, 294), (54, 364, 168, 414), (279, 305, 352, 330), (26, 346, 48, 396), (12, 331, 76, 356), (201, 285, 260, 305), \
        (0, 270, 106, 327)
    ]  # 边界框坐标信息
    
    image = Image.open(image_path).convert("RGB")
    draw_bboxes(image, bboxes)
    
    # 显示绘制边界框后的图像
    image.show()

这行代码定义了一个名为 draw\_bboxes 的函数，它接受三个必需参数和两个可选参数：

*  image：要绘制边界框的图像对象。
 *  bboxes：一个包含边界框坐标的列表。
 *  color：边界框的颜色，默认为红色。
 *  thickness：边界框的线条粗细，默认为 2 像素。

执行以下操作：

1.  创建一个 ImageDraw 对象，用于在图像上进行绘制。
2.  使用循环迭代边界框列表，对每个边界框执行以下操作：

将边界框坐标的浮点数类型转换为整数类型，以便绘制函数接受整数坐标。

调用 draw.rectangle 方法，在图像上绘制矩形边界框，使用指定的颜色和线条粗细。

1.  删除 ImageDraw 对象，释放资源。

综合起来，这个函数的目的是在图像上绘制给定边界框列表的矩形框。

需要注意的是，该函数使用了 ImageDraw 类，它是 PIL（Python Imaging Library）中的一个图像绘制工具类。所以在使用该函数之前，你需要确保已经导入了相应的模块，例如 from PIL import ImageDraw。

我们展示一下输出结果为：

![在这里插入图片描述][ad9784f7a625494ea3fce794bbe70361.png]

## 二、GT框和预测框的可视化 ##

def draw_bboxes(image, bboxes, color = "red", thickness = 2):
        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
        for bbox in bboxes:
            bbox = tuple(map(int, bbox))  # 将浮点数类型的坐标转换为整数类型
            draw.rectangle(bbox, outline=color, width=thickness)
        del draw
    
    def draw_bboxes_2(image, bboxes, color = "blue", thickness = 1):
        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
        for bbox in bboxes:
            bbox = tuple(map(int, bbox))  # 将浮点数类型的坐标转换为整数类型
            draw.rectangle(bbox, outline=color, width=thickness)
        del draw
    
    # 示例用法
    image_path = "demo.jpg"
    bboxes = [
        (236, 41, 263, 180), (218, 174, 248, 207), (306, 10, 332, 175), (396, 0, 426, 162),
        (189, 281, 528, 512), (255, 293, 388, 512), (193, 285, 302, 476),
        (146, 280, 213, 445), (339, 113, 450, 229), (406, 49, 508, 177), (499, 82, 537, 229),
        (521, 0, 683, 167), (5, 281, 88, 389), (162, 275, 212, 366), (10, 79, 67, 235),
        (142, 97, 196, 234), (325, 275, 533, 411), (65, 82, 154, 165), (462, 251, 488, 285),
        (422, 277, 502, 286), (501, 254, 512, 290), (511, 255, 521, 288), (532, 151, 676, 451),
        (61, 171, 163, 198), (64, 268, 166, 291), (83, 291, 166, 377), (502, 254, 520, 283),
        (11, 250, 32, 273), (12, 272, 34, 282), (288, 284, 332, 301)
    ]
    
    image = Image.open(image_path).convert("RGB")
    draw_bboxes(image, bboxes)
    draw_bboxes_2(image, bbox_list)
    
    image.show()

显示结果为：

![在这里插入图片描述][79515b94d7b24d06ab0b75d692aed636.png]

## 三、根据IoU阈值来选择 ##

def calculate_iou(bbox1, bbox2):
        x1_min, y1_min, x1_max, y1_max = bbox1
        x2_min, y2_min, x2_max, y2_max = bbox2
    
        # 计算两个边界框的相交部分
        x_min = max(x1_min, x2_min)
        y_min = max(y1_min, y2_min)
        x_max = min(x1_max, x2_max)
        y_max = min(y1_max, y2_max)
    
        intersection = max(0, x_max - x_min) * max(0, y_max - y_min)
    
        # 计算两个边界框的面积
        area1 = (x1_max - x1_min) * (y1_max - y1_min)
        area2 = (x2_max - x2_min) * (y2_max - y2_min)
    
        # 计算 IoU
        iou = intersection / (area1 + area2 - intersection)
    
        return iou
    
    bboxes = [
        (236, 41, 263, 180), (218, 174, 248, 207), (306, 10, 332, 175), (396, 0, 426, 162),
        (189, 281, 528, 512), (255, 293, 388, 512), (193, 285, 302, 476),
        (146, 280, 213, 445), (339, 113, 450, 229), (406, 49, 508, 177), (499, 82, 537, 229),
        (521, 0, 683, 167), (5, 281, 88, 389), (162, 275, 212, 366), (10, 79, 67, 235),
        (142, 97, 196, 234), (325, 275, 533, 411), (65, 82, 154, 165), (462, 251, 488, 285),
        (422, 277, 502, 286), (501, 254, 512, 290), (511, 255, 521, 288), (532, 151, 676, 451),
        (61, 171, 163, 198), (64, 268, 166, 291), (83, 291, 166, 377), (502, 254, 520, 283),
        (11, 250, 32, 273), (12, 272, 34, 282), (288, 284, 332, 301)
    ]
    
    selected_bboxes = []
    for pred_bbox in bbox_list:
        for gt_bbox in bboxes:
            iou_scores = [calculate_iou(pred_bbox, gt_bbox) for gt_bbox in bboxes]
            max_iou = max(iou_scores)
            if max_iou > 0.4:
                selected_bboxes.append(pred_bbox)
    
    print(selected_bboxes)

输出的结果为：

[(534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (534, 22, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (535, 155, 676, 453), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (227, 287, 526, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (278, 319, 519, 509), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (537, 155, 675, 351), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (236, 297, 382, 510), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (416, 52, 530, 175), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (332, 165, 533, 397), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (4, 78, 67, 230), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (65, 87, 161, 194), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (6, 280, 158, 386), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (417, 53, 505, 161), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 109, 421, 227), (342, 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386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (6, 282, 85, 386), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (197, 288, 271, 475), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (327, 274, 533, 407), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 162, 375), (86, 291, 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将其同时进行可视化：

输出结果为：

![在这里插入图片描述][9f3b6da240da47c7bf29306748b66403.png]

[ad9784f7a625494ea3fce794bbe70361.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/ad9784f7a625494ea3fce794bbe70361.png
[79515b94d7b24d06ab0b75d692aed636.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/79515b94d7b24d06ab0b75d692aed636.png
[9f3b6da240da47c7bf29306748b66403.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9f3b6da240da47c7bf29306748b66403.png