单元测试Unittest框架，一篇文章解释清楚（下）

た入场券 2023-10-12 09:10 26阅读 0赞

之前的文章我们讲了单元测试框架及用法、在测试用例中添加Fixture，今天我们来讲如何生成测试报告。

## **输出测试报告** ##

UnitTest框架执行测试用例完成后会在控制台输出如上的结果，但实际测试过程中，我们需要输出测试报告，这个时候我们需要使用第三方模块。

## **1 HTMLTestRunner** ##

HTMLTestRunner模块可以直接生成html格式的报告。

下载地址：http://tungwaiyip.info/software/HTMLTestRunner.html

下载后需要修改:

*  94行引入的名称要改，从 import StringIO修改成 import io
 *  539行 self.outputBuffer = StringIO.StringIO()修改成self.outputBuffer=io.StringIO()
 *  631行 print >>sys.stderr, '\\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime)修改成print (sys.stderr, '\\nTime Elapsed: %s' %(self.stopTime-self.startTime))
 *  642行，if not rmap.has\_key(cls): 修改成 if not cls in rmap:
 *  766行的uo = o.decode('latin-1')，修改成 uo=o
 *  772行，把 ue = e.decode('latin-1') 直接改成 ue = e

存放路径：将修改完成的模块存放在Python路径下Lib目录里即可。

run.py示例代码如下：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    # @author: 给你一页白纸
    
    import time
    import unittest
    import HTMLTestRunner
    
    # 获取当前时间并指定时间格式，用于测试报告命名
    now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S")
    # 测试报告存储路径
    report_dir = './report/'
    # 创建报告文件，并以写的形式打开文件，用于写入报告内容
    fp = open(report_dir + now + "_report.html", 'wb')
    # 初始化一个HTMLTestRunner实例对象，用来生成报告
    runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,
                                           title="App自动化测试报告",
                                           description="测试用例情况")
    
    # 定义测试用例路径
    test_dir='./testcase'
    # 加载测试用例
    suite = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir, pattern='test_*.py')
    # 执行测试用例
    runner.run(suite)
    fp.close()

运行run.py，会看到report中生成了html文件，即为测试报告：

![ba6aec5b5e294fa8a9b2d2a7e8c199ff.png][]

浏览器打开该文件，内容如下：

![a911f191f1a67405f504b2d2a2512757.png][]

从报告内容中看出HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner()方法中参数所对应的内容，可以根据项目的实际需要指定参数内容。

## **2 美化版测试报告** ##

在HTMLTestRunner基础上美化过的报告：

"""
    A TestRunner for use with the Python unit testing framework. It generates a HTML report to show the result at a glance.
    The simplest way to use this is to invoke its main method. E.g.
        import unittest
        import BSTestRunner
        ... define your tests ...
        if __name__ == '__main__':
            BSTestRunner.main()
    For more customization options, instantiates a BSTestRunner object.
    BSTestRunner is a counterpart to unittest's TextTestRunner. E.g.
        # output to a file
        fp = file('my_report.html', 'wb')
        runner = BSTestRunner.BSTestRunner(
                    stream=fp,
                    title='My unit test',
                    description='This demonstrates the report output by BSTestRunner.'
                    )
        # Use an external stylesheet.
        # See the Template_mixin class for more customizable options
        runner.STYLESHEET_TMPL = '<link rel="stylesheet" href="my_stylesheet.css" type="text/css">'
        # run the test
        runner.run(my_test_suite)
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Copyright (c) 2004-2007, Wai Yip Tung
    Copyright (c) 2016, Eason Han
    All rights reserved.
    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
    met:
    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    * Neither the name Wai Yip Tung nor the names of its contributors may be
      used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
      specific prior written permission.
    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
    IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
    TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
    PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
    OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
    EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
    PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
    PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
    NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
    SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    """
     
     
    __author__ = "Wai Yip Tung && Eason Han"
    __version__ = "0.8.4"
     
     
    """
    Change History
    Version 0.8.3
    * Modify html style using bootstrap3.
    Version 0.8.3
    * Prevent crash on class or module-level exceptions (Darren Wurf).
    Version 0.8.2
    * Show output inline instead of popup window (Viorel Lupu).
    Version in 0.8.1
    * Validated XHTML (Wolfgang Borgert).
    * Added description of test classes and test cases.
    Version in 0.8.0
    * Define Template_mixin class for customization.
    * Workaround a IE 6 bug that it does not treat <script> block as CDATA.
    Version in 0.7.1
    * Back port to Python 2.3 (Frank Horowitz).
    * Fix missing scroll bars in detail log (Podi).
    """
     
    # TODO: color stderr
    # TODO: simplify javascript using ,ore than 1 class in the class attribute?
     
    import datetime
    try:
        from StringIO import StringIO
    except ImportError:
        from io import StringIO
    import sys
    import time
    import unittest
    from xml.sax import saxutils
     
     
    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # The redirectors below are used to capture output during testing. Output
    # sent to sys.stdout and sys.stderr are automatically captured. However
    # in some cases sys.stdout is already cached before BSTestRunner is
    # invoked (e.g. calling logging.basicConfig). In order to capture those
    # output, use the redirectors for the cached stream.
    #
    # e.g.
    #   >>> logging.basicConfig(stream=BSTestRunner.stdout_redirector)
    #   >>>
     
    def to_unicode(s):
        try:
            return s
        except UnicodeDecodeError:
            # s is non ascii byte string
            return s.decode('unicode_escape')
     
    class OutputRedirector(object):
        """ Wrapper to redirect stdout or stderr """
        def __init__(self, fp):
            self.fp = fp
     
        def write(self, s):
            self.fp.write(to_unicode(s))
     
        def writelines(self, lines):
            lines = map(to_unicode, lines)
            self.fp.writelines(lines)
     
        def flush(self):
            self.fp.flush()
     
    stdout_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stdout)
    stderr_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stderr)
     
     
     
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Template
     
    class Template_mixin(object):
        """
        Define a HTML template for report customerization and generation.
        Overall structure of an HTML report
        HTML
        +------------------------+
        |<html>                  |
        |  <head>                |
        |                        |
        |   STYLESHEET           |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |   |                |   |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |                        |
        |  </head>               |
        |                        |
        |  <body>                |
        |                        |
        |   HEADING              |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |   |                |   |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |                        |
        |   REPORT               |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |   |                |   |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |                        |
        |   ENDING               |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |   |                |   |
        |   +----------------+   |
        |                        |
        |  </body>               |
        |</html>                 |
        +------------------------+
        """
     
        STATUS = {
        0: 'pass',
        1: 'fail',
        2: 'error',
        }
     
        DEFAULT_TITLE = 'Unit Test Report'
        DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = ''
     
        # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        # HTML Template
     
        HTML_TMPL = r"""<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh-cn">
      <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
        <title>%(title)s</title>
        <meta name="generator" content="%(generator)s"/>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
        %(stylesheet)s
        
        
        
      </head>
    <body>
    <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <div class="container">
        %(heading)s
        %(report)s
        %(ending)s
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    """
        # variables: (title, generator, stylesheet, heading, report, ending)
     
     
        # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        # Stylesheet
        #
        # alternatively use a <link> for external style sheet, e.g.
        #   <link rel="stylesheet" href="$url" type="text/css">
     
        STYLESHEET_TMPL = """
    <style type="text/css" media="screen">
    /* -- css div popup ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
    .popup_window {
        display: none;
        position: relative;
        left: 0px;
        top: 0px;
        /*border: solid #627173 1px; */
        padding: 10px;
        background-color: #99CCFF;
        font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
        text-align: left;
        font-size: 10pt;
        width: 500px;
    }
    /* -- report ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
    #show_detail_line .label {
        font-size: 85%;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
    #show_detail_line {
        margin: 2em auto 1em auto;
    }
    #total_row  { font-weight: bold; }
    .hiddenRow  { display: none; }
    .testcase   { margin-left: 2em; }
    </style>
    """
     
     
     
        # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        # Heading
        #
     
        HEADING_TMPL = """<div class='heading'>
    <h1>%(title)s</h1>
    %(parameters)s
    <p class='description'>%(description)s</p>
    </div>
    """ # variables: (title, parameters, description)
     
        HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL = """<p><strong>%(name)s:</strong> %(value)s</p>
    """ # variables: (name, value)
     
     
     
        # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        # Report
        #
     
        REPORT_TMPL = """
    <p id='show_detail_line'>
    <span class="label label-primary" onclick="showCase(0)">Summary</span>
    <span class="label label-danger" onclick="showCase(1)">Failed</span>
    <span class="label label-default" onclick="showCase(2)">All</span>
    </p>
    <table id='result_table' class="table">
        <thead>
            <tr id='header_row'>
                <th>Test Group/Test case</td>
                <th>Count</td>
                <th>Pass</td>
                <th>Fail</td>
                <th>Error</td>
                <th>View</td>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            %(test_list)s
        </tbody>
        <tfoot>
            <tr id='total_row'>
                <td>Total</td>
                <td>%(count)s</td>
                <td class="text text-success">%(Pass)s</td>
                <td class="text text-danger">%(fail)s</td>
                <td class="text text-warning">%(error)s</td>
                <td> </td>
            </tr>
        </tfoot>
    </table>
    """ # variables: (test_list, count, Pass, fail, error)
     
        REPORT_CLASS_TMPL = r"""
    <tr class='%(style)s'>
        <td>%(desc)s</td>
        <td>%(count)s</td>
        <td>%(Pass)s</td>
        <td>%(fail)s</td>
        <td>%(error)s</td>
        <td><a class="btn btn-xs btn-primary"href="javascript:showClassDetail('%(cid)s',%(count)s)">Detail</a></td>
    </tr>
    """ # variables: (style, desc, count, Pass, fail, error, cid)
     
     
        REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
    <tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
        <td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
        <td colspan='5' align='center'>
        
        <a class="popup_link btn btn-xs btn-default" onfocus='this.blur();' href="javascript:showTestDetail('div_%(tid)s')" >
            %(status)s</a>
        <div id='div_%(tid)s' class="popup_window">
            <div style='text-align: right;cursor:pointer'>
            <a onfocus='this.blur();' onclick="document.getElementById('div_%(tid)s').style.display = 'none' " >
               [x]</a>
            </div>
            <pre>
            %(script)s
            </pre>
        </div>
        
        </td>
    </tr>
    """ # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)
     
     
        REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
    <tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
        <td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
        <td colspan='5' align='center'>%(status)s</td>
    </tr>
    """ # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)
     
     
        REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
    %(id)s: %(output)s
    """ # variables: (id, output)
     
     
     
        # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        # ENDING
        #
     
        ENDING_TMPL = """<div id='ending'> </div>"""
     
    # -------------------- The end of the Template class -------------------
     
     
    TestResult = unittest.TestResult
     
    class _TestResult(TestResult):
        # note: _TestResult is a pure representation of results.
        # It lacks the output and reporting ability compares to unittest._TextTestResult.
     
        def __init__(self, verbosity=1):
            TestResult.__init__(self)
            self.outputBuffer = StringIO()
            self.stdout0 = None
            self.stderr0 = None
            self.success_count = 0
            self.failure_count = 0
            self.error_count = 0
            self.verbosity = verbosity
     
            # result is a list of result in 4 tuple
            # (
            #   result code (0: success; 1: fail; 2: error),
            #   TestCase object,
            #   Test output (byte string),
            #   stack trace,
            # )
            self.result = []
     
     
        def startTest(self, test):
            TestResult.startTest(self, test)
            # just one buffer for both stdout and stderr
            stdout_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
            stderr_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
            self.stdout0 = sys.stdout
            self.stderr0 = sys.stderr
            sys.stdout = stdout_redirector
            sys.stderr = stderr_redirector
     
     
        def complete_output(self):
            """
            Disconnect output redirection and return buffer.
            Safe to call multiple times.
            """
            if self.stdout0:
                sys.stdout = self.stdout0
                sys.stderr = self.stderr0
                self.stdout0 = None
                self.stderr0 = None
            return self.outputBuffer.getvalue()
     
     
        def stopTest(self, test):
            # Usually one of addSuccess, addError or addFailure would have been called.
            # But there are some path in unittest that would bypass this.
            # We must disconnect stdout in stopTest(), which is guaranteed to be called.
            self.complete_output()
     
     
        def addSuccess(self, test):
            self.success_count += 1
            TestResult.addSuccess(self, test)
            output = self.complete_output()
            self.result.append((0, test, output, ''))
            if self.verbosity > 1:
                sys.stderr.write('ok ')
                sys.stderr.write(str(test))
                sys.stderr.write('\n')
            else:
                sys.stderr.write('.')
     
        def addError(self, test, err):
            self.error_count += 1
            TestResult.addError(self, test, err)
            _, _exc_str = self.errors[-1]
            output = self.complete_output()
            self.result.append((2, test, output, _exc_str))
            if self.verbosity > 1:
                sys.stderr.write('E  ')
                sys.stderr.write(str(test))
                sys.stderr.write('\n')
            else:
                sys.stderr.write('E')
     
        def addFailure(self, test, err):
            self.failure_count += 1
            TestResult.addFailure(self, test, err)
            _, _exc_str = self.failures[-1]
            output = self.complete_output()
            self.result.append((1, test, output, _exc_str))
            if self.verbosity > 1:
                sys.stderr.write('F  ')
                sys.stderr.write(str(test))
                sys.stderr.write('\n')
            else:
                sys.stderr.write('F')
     
     
    class BSTestRunner(Template_mixin):
        """
        """
        def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout, verbosity=1, title=None, description=None):
            self.stream = stream
            self.verbosity = verbosity
            if title is None:
                self.title = self.DEFAULT_TITLE
            else:
                self.title = title
            if description is None:
                self.description = self.DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION
            else:
                self.description = description
     
            self.startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
     
     
        def run(self, test):
            "Run the given test case or test suite."
            result = _TestResult(self.verbosity)
            test(result)
            self.stopTime = datetime.datetime.now()
            self.generateReport(test, result)
            # print >>sys.stderr, '\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime)
            sys.stderr.write('\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime))
            return result
     
     
        def sortResult(self, result_list):
            # unittest does not seems to run in any particular order.
            # Here at least we want to group them together by class.
            rmap = {}
            classes = []
            for n,t,o,e in result_list:
                cls = t.__class__
                # if not rmap.has_key(cls):
                if not cls in rmap:
                    rmap[cls] = []
                    classes.append(cls)
                rmap[cls].append((n,t,o,e))
            r = [(cls, rmap[cls]) for cls in classes]
            return r
     
     
        def getReportAttributes(self, result):
            """
            Return report attributes as a list of (name, value).
            Override this to add custom attributes.
            """
            startTime = str(self.startTime)[:19]
            duration = str(self.stopTime - self.startTime)
            status = []
            if result.success_count: status.append('<span class="text text-success">Pass <strong>%s</strong></span>'    % result.success_count)
            if result.failure_count: status.append('<span class="text text-danger">Failure <strong>%s</strong></span>' % result.failure_count)
            if result.error_count:   status.append('<span class="text text-warning">Error <strong>%s</strong></span>'   % result.error_count  )
            if status:
                status = ' '.join(status)
            else:
                status = 'none'
            return [
                ('Start Time', startTime),
                ('Duration', duration),
                ('Status', status),
            ]
     
     
        def generateReport(self, test, result):
            report_attrs = self.getReportAttributes(result)
            generator = 'BSTestRunner %s' % __version__
            stylesheet = self._generate_stylesheet()
            heading = self._generate_heading(report_attrs)
            report = self._generate_report(result)
            ending = self._generate_ending()
            output = self.HTML_TMPL % dict(
                title = saxutils.escape(self.title),
                generator = generator,
                stylesheet = stylesheet,
                heading = heading,
                report = report,
                ending = ending,
            )
            try:
                self.stream.write(output.encode('utf8'))
            except:
                self.stream.write(output)
     
     
        def _generate_stylesheet(self):
            return self.STYLESHEET_TMPL
     
     
        def _generate_heading(self, report_attrs):
            a_lines = []
            for name, value in report_attrs:
                line = self.HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL % dict(
                        # name = saxutils.escape(name),
                        # value = saxutils.escape(value),
                        name = name,
                        value = value,
                    )
                a_lines.append(line)
            heading = self.HEADING_TMPL % dict(
                title = saxutils.escape(self.title),
                parameters = ''.join(a_lines),
                description = saxutils.escape(self.description),
            )
            return heading
     
     
        def _generate_report(self, result):
            rows = []
            sortedResult = self.sortResult(result.result)
            for cid, (cls, cls_results) in enumerate(sortedResult):
                # subtotal for a class
                np = nf = ne = 0
                for n,t,o,e in cls_results:
                    if n == 0: np += 1
                    elif n == 1: nf += 1
                    else: ne += 1
     
                # format class description
                if cls.__module__ == "__main__":
                    name = cls.__name__
                else:
                    name = "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
                doc = cls.__doc__ and cls.__doc__.split("\n")[0] or ""
                desc = doc and '%s: %s' % (name, doc) or name
     
                row = self.REPORT_CLASS_TMPL % dict(
                    style = ne > 0 and 'text text-warning' or nf > 0 and 'text text-danger' or 'text text-success',
                    desc = desc,
                    count = np+nf+ne,
                    Pass = np,
                    fail = nf,
                    error = ne,
                    cid = 'c%s' % (cid+1),
                )
                rows.append(row)
     
                for tid, (n,t,o,e) in enumerate(cls_results):
                    self._generate_report_test(rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e)
     
            report = self.REPORT_TMPL % dict(
                test_list = ''.join(rows),
                count = str(result.success_count+result.failure_count+result.error_count),
                Pass = str(result.success_count),
                fail = str(result.failure_count),
                error = str(result.error_count),
            )
            return report
     
     
        def _generate_report_test(self, rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e):
            # e.g. 'pt1.1', 'ft1.1', etc
            has_output = bool(o or e)
            tid = (n == 0 and 'p' or 'f') + 't%s.%s' % (cid+1,tid+1)
            name = t.id().split('.')[-1]
            doc = t.shortDescription() or ""
            desc = doc and ('%s: %s' % (name, doc)) or name
            tmpl = has_output and self.REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL or self.REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL
     
            # o and e should be byte string because they are collected from stdout and stderr?
            if isinstance(o,str):
                # TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
                # uo = unicode(o.encode('string_escape'))
                try:
                    uo = o.decode('latin-1')
                except:
                    uo = o
            else:
                uo = o
            if isinstance(e,str):
                # TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
                # ue = unicode(e.encode('string_escape'))
                try:
                    ue = e.decode('latin-1')
                except:
                    ue = e
            else:
                ue = e
     
            script = self.REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL % dict(
                id = tid,
                output = saxutils.escape(uo+ue),
            )
     
            row = tmpl % dict(
                tid = tid,
                # Class = (n == 0 and 'hiddenRow' or 'none'),
                Class = (n == 0 and 'hiddenRow' or 'text text-success'),
                # style = n == 2 and 'errorCase' or (n == 1 and 'failCase' or 'none'),
                style = n == 2 and 'text text-warning' or (n == 1 and 'text text-danger' or 'text text-success'),
                desc = desc,
                script = script,
                status = self.STATUS[n],
            )
            rows.append(row)
            if not has_output:
                return
     
        def _generate_ending(self):
            return self.ENDING_TMPL
     
     
    ##############################################################################
    # Facilities for running tests from the command line
    ##############################################################################
     
    # Note: Reuse unittest.TestProgram to launch test. In the future we may
    # build our own launcher to support more specific command line
    # parameters like test title, CSS, etc.
    class TestProgram(unittest.TestProgram):
        """
        A variation of the unittest.TestProgram. Please refer to the base
        class for command line parameters.
        """
        def runTests(self):
            # Pick BSTestRunner as the default test runner.
            # base class's testRunner parameter is not useful because it means
            # we have to instantiate BSTestRunner before we know self.verbosity.
            if self.testRunner is None:
                self.testRunner = BSTestRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity)
            unittest.TestProgram.runTests(self)
     
    main = TestProgram
     
    ##############################################################################
    # Executing this module from the command line
    ##############################################################################
     
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        main(module=None)

放置在Python安装路径的Lib文件夹里。

run.py示例代码如下：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    # @author: 给你一页白纸
    
    import time
    import unittest
    import BSTestRunner
    
    # 获取当前时间并指定时间格式，用于测试报告命名
    now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S")
    # 测试报告存储路径
    report_dir = './report/'
    # 创建报告文件
    fp = open(report_dir + now + "_report.html", 'wb')
    # 初始化一个HTMLTestRunner实例对象，用来生成报告
    runner = BSTestRunner.BSTestRunner(stream=fp,
                                           title="App自动化测试报告",
                                           description="测试用例情况")
    
    # 定义测试用例路径
    test_dir='./testcase'
    # 加载测试用例
    suite = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir, pattern='test_*.py')
    # 执行测试用例
    runner.run(suite)
    fp.close()

生成报告样式如下：

![4c9b4018868444e3a8f57ab3eec6ee40.png][]

两种报告模板可根据自己喜好任意选择。

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[ba6aec5b5e294fa8a9b2d2a7e8c199ff.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/ba6aec5b5e294fa8a9b2d2a7e8c199ff.png
[a911f191f1a67405f504b2d2a2512757.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/a911f191f1a67405f504b2d2a2512757.png
[4c9b4018868444e3a8f57ab3eec6ee40.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4c9b4018868444e3a8f57ab3eec6ee40.png
[9d205f76a3bb49d8bce29972548618fa.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9d205f76a3bb49d8bce29972548618fa.png#pic_center
[20bfdbcca94a4ae5bf95ae05574cd876.gif]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20bfdbcca94a4ae5bf95ae05574cd876.gif