Flask 9（flask-mail、注册时短信激活）

Love The Way You Lie 2023-10-08 12:04 17阅读 0赞

#### Flask flask-mail ####

*   *  1、邮箱flask-mail
     *   *  1.1、安装
         *  1.2、配置
         *  1.3、测试
     *  2、注册时短信激活
     *   *  2.1、使用网易云信发送短信
         *  2.2、代码里的各种参数来源
         *  2.3、开始写代码
         *  2.4、将验证码存入reids缓存

### 1、邮箱flask-mail ###

#### 1.1、安装 ####

pip install flask-mail

#### 1.2、配置 ####

ext.py  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
setting.py  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

# 邮箱服务器，这里我用的是163邮箱
        MAIL_SERVER = "smtp.163.com"
        # 端口
        MAIL_PORT = 25
        # 用于发送邮件的邮箱
        MAIL_USERNAME = "*****************"
        # 授权码
        MAIL_PASSWORD = "**********"
        # 默认发送者
        MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER = MAIL_USERNAME

#### 1.3、测试 ####

测试能不能发送  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

@blue.route('/sendmail/', methods=["GET", "POST"])
    def send_mail():
        # 参数依次为 主题 接收列表
        msg = Message("flask email", recipients=["************@***.com", ])
        # 内容
        msg.body = "邮箱发送测试邮件"
        # 默认html会覆盖body
        msg.html = "<h2>flask发送邮件也很简单</h2>"
    
        mail.send(message=msg)
    
        return "邮件发送成功"

运行并访问  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200301131756911.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

### 2、注册时短信激活 ###

修改User模型，添加一个u\_phone  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
迁移

python manage.py db migrate
    python manage.py db upgrade

#### 2.1、使用网易云信发送短信 ####

网易云信地址

> https://app.yunxin.163.com/index\#/app

访问并登录：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]  
查看开发手册  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

#### 2.2、代码里的各种参数来源 ####

url来源：开发者手册-请求说明  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200301141734442.png]  
header来源：开发者手册-接口概述  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]  
"AppKey"来源： App Key管理-App Key  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
CheckSum来源：SHA1(AppSecret + Nonce + CurTime)，三个参数拼接的字符串，进行SHA1哈希计算，转化成16进制字符(String，小写)

AppSecret来源： App Key管理-App Key  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]

#### 2.3、开始写代码 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

@blue.route('/sendcode/')
    def send_vcode():
        url = "https://api.netease.im/sms/sendcode.action"
    
        nonce = hashlib.new("sha512", str(time.time()).encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
    
        # time.time()默认有小数，所以这里我们转成int
        curtime = str(int(time.time()))
    
        sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
        secret = "42557995027c"
        sha1.update((secret + nonce + curtime).encode("utf-8"))
    
        # hexdigest()返回摘要，作为十六进制数据字符串值
        check_sum = sha1.hexdigest()
    
        header = {
        
            "AppKey": "26102a2d52e74ade21c2035f06dc6b06",
            # 随机数，这里我们用时间然后哈希生成的一个数
            "Nonce": nonce,
            "CurTime": curtime,
            "CheckSum": check_sum
        }
    
        phone = request.args.get("phone")
    
        post_data = {
        
            # 要发送的电话号码
            "mobile": phone
        }
        r = requests.post(url, data=post_data, headers=header)
    
        print(r.json())
        return "发送成功"

运行并访问  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200301160905183.png]  
手机收到的短信

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]  
prcharm后台  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

#### 2.4、将验证码存入reids缓存 ####

安装flask\_caching

> pip install flask\_caching

配置  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]  
视图  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2FfX2ludF9f_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18]

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