Winform中使用用户控件实现带行数和标尺的RichTextBox(附代码下载)

怼烎@ 2023-10-07 03:56 21阅读 0赞

## 场景 ##

RichTextBox控件允许用户输入和编辑文本的同时提供了比普通的TextBox控件更高级的格式特征。

### 效果 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

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## 实现 ##

新建一个用户控件GuageRichTextBox。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

编辑用户控件，相当于自己定义了一个控件，和其他控件一样在窗体中使用，是一个类。

然后打开其设计页面，放置一个RichTextBox

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

然后进入其代码

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    
    namespace 带行数和标尺的RichTextBox
    {
        public partial class GuageRichTextBox : UserControl
        {
            public GuageRichTextBox()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
                richTextBox1.WordWrap = false;
                richTextBox1.Top = Distance_X;
                richTextBox1.Left = Distance_Y;
                richTextBox1.Width = this.Width - Distance_X - 2;
                richTextBox1.Height = this.Height - Distance_Y - 2;
            }
    
    
    
            #region 变量及常量
            const int Distance_X = 30;//设置RichTextBox控件的X位置
            const int Distance_Y = 30;//设置RichTextBox控件的Y位置
            const int SpaceBetween = 3;//设置标尺的间距
            public static float thisleft = 0;//设置控件的左边距
            public static float StartBitH = 0;//记录横向滚动条的位置
            public static float StartBitV = 0;//记录纵向滚动条的位置
            const int Scale1 = 3;//设置刻度最短的线长
            const int Scale5 = 6;//设置刻度为5时的线长
            const int Scale10 = 9;//设置刻度为10是垢线长
            public static float Degree = 0;//度数
            public static float CodeSize = 1;//代码编号的宽度
            #endregion
    
            #region 属性
    
            [Browsable(true), Category("设置标尺控件"), Description("设置RichTextBox控件的相关属性")] //在“属性”窗口中显示DataStyle属性
            public RichTextBox NRichTextBox
            {
                get { return richTextBox1; }
            }
    
            public enum Ruler
            {
                Graduation = 0,//刻度
                Rule = 1,//尺子
            }
    
            private bool TCodeShow = false;
            [Browsable(true), Category("设置标尺控件"), Description("是否在RichTextBox控件的前面添加代码的行号")] //在“属性”窗口中显示DataStyle属性
            public bool CodeShow
            {
                get { return TCodeShow; }
                set
                {
                    TCodeShow = value;
                    this.Invalidate();
                }
            }
    
            private Ruler TRulerStyle = Ruler.Graduation;
            [Browsable(true), Category("设置标尺控件"), Description("设置标尺样式：\nGraduation为刻度\nRule为尺子")] //在“属性”窗口中显示DataStyle属性
            public Ruler RulerStyle
            {
                get { return TRulerStyle; }
                set
                {
                    TRulerStyle = value;
                    this.Invalidate();
                }
            }
    
            public enum Unit
            {
                Cm = 0,//厘米
                Pels = 1,//像素
            }
    
            private Unit TUnitStyle = Unit.Cm;
            [Browsable(true), Category("设置标尺控件"), Description("设置标尺的单位：\nCm为厘米\nPels为像素")] //在“属性”窗口中显示DataStyle属性
            public Unit UnitStyle
            {
                get { return TUnitStyle; }
                set
                {
                    TUnitStyle = value;
                    this.Invalidate();
                }
            }
    
            #endregion
    
            #region 事件
            private void GuageRichTextBox_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
            {
                e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.DarkGray), 0, 0, this.Width - 1, this.Height - 1);//绘制外边框
                if (CodeShow)//如查在文本框左边添加行号
                {
                    //获取行号的宽度
                    float tem_code = (float)StringSize((Convert.ToInt32(CodeSize+(float)(richTextBox1.Height / (StringSize(CodeSize.ToString(), richTextBox1.Font, false))))).ToString(),this.Font, true);
                    richTextBox1.Top = Distance_X;//设置控件的顶端距离
                    richTextBox1.Left = Distance_Y + (int)Math.Ceiling(tem_code);//设置控件的左端距离
                    richTextBox1.Width = this.Width - Distance_X - 2 - (int)Math.Ceiling(tem_code);//设置控件的宽度
                    richTextBox1.Height = this.Height - Distance_Y - 2;//设置控件高度
                    thisleft = Distance_Y + tem_code;//设置标尺的左端位置
                }
                else
                {
                    richTextBox1.Top = Distance_X;//设置控件的顶端距离
                    richTextBox1.Left = Distance_Y;//设置控件的左端距离
                    richTextBox1.Width = this.Width - Distance_X - 2;//设置控件的宽度
                    richTextBox1.Height = this.Height - Distance_Y - 2;//设置控件高度
                    thisleft = Distance_Y;//设置标尺的左端位置
                }
                //绘制文本框的边框
                e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.LightSteelBlue), richTextBox1.Location.X - 1, thisleft - 1, richTextBox1.Width + 1, richTextBox1.Height + 1);
                e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Silver), 1, 1, this.Width - 2, Distance_Y - 2);//文本框的上边框
                e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Silver), 1, 1, Distance_X - 2, this.Height - 2);//文本框的左边框
                e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Gray), 3, 3, Distance_X - 7, Distance_Y - 8);//绘制左上角的方块边框
                e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(SystemColors.Control), 3, 3, Distance_X - 8, Distance_Y - 8);//绘制左上角的方块
                if (RulerStyle == Ruler.Rule)//标尺
                {
                    //绘制上边的标尺背景
                    e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Gray), thisleft - 3, 3, this.Width - (thisleft - 2) , Distance_Y - 9);//绘制左上角的方块边框
                    e.Graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(SystemColors.Control), thisleft - 3, 3, this.Width - 2, 3);//绘制方块的上边线
                    e.Graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(SystemColors.Control), thisleft - 3, Distance_Y - 5, this.Width - 2, Distance_Y - 5);//绘制方块的下边线
                    e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.WhiteSmoke), thisleft - 2, 9, this.Width - (thisleft - 2) - 1, Distance_Y - 19);//绘制方块的中间块
                    //绘制左边的标尺背景
                    e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Gray), 3, Distance_Y - 3, Distance_X - 7, this.Height - (Distance_Y - 3) - 2);//绘制左边的方块
                    e.Graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(SystemColors.Control), 3, Distance_Y - 3, 3, this.Height - 2);//绘制方块的左边线
                    e.Graphics.DrawLine(new Pen(SystemColors.Control), Distance_X - 5, Distance_Y - 3, Distance_X - 5, this.Height - 2);//绘制方块的右边线
                    e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.WhiteSmoke), 9, Distance_Y - 3, Distance_X - 19, this.Height - (Distance_Y - 3) - 2);//绘制方块的中间块
                }
                int tem_temHeight = 0;
                string tem_value = "";
                int tem_n = 0;
                int divide = 5;
                Pen tem_p = new Pen(new SolidBrush(Color.Black));
                //横向刻度的设置
                if (UnitStyle == Unit.Cm)//如果刻度的单位是厘米
                    Degree = e.Graphics.DpiX / 25.4F;//将像素转换成毫米
                if (UnitStyle == Unit.Pels)//如果刻度的单位是像素
                    Degree = 10;//设置10像素为一个刻度
                int tem_width = this.Width - 3;
                tem_n = (int)StartBitH;//记录横向滚动条的位置
                if (tem_n != StartBitH)//如果横向滚动条的位置值为小数
                    StartBitH = (int)StartBitH;//对横向滚动条的位置进行取整
                for (float i = 0; i < tem_width; )//在文本框的项端绘制标尺
                {
                    tem_temHeight = Scale1;//设置刻度线的最小长度
                    float j = (i + (int)StartBitH) / Degree;//获取刻度值
                    tem_value = "";
                    j = (int)j;//对刻度值进行取整
                    if (j % (divide * 2) == 0)//如果刻度值是10进位
                    {
                        tem_temHeight = Scale10;//设置最长的刻度线
                        if (UnitStyle == Unit.Cm)//如果刻度的单位为厘米
                            tem_value = Convert.ToString(j / 10);//记录刻度值
                        if (UnitStyle == Unit.Pels)//如果刻度的单位为像素
                            tem_value = Convert.ToString((int)j * 10);//记录刻度值
                    }
                    else if (j % divide == 0)//如果刻度值的进位为5
                    {
                        tem_temHeight = Scale5;//设置刻度线为中等
                    }
                    tem_p.Width = 1;
                    if (RulerStyle == Ruler.Graduation)//如果是以刻度值进行测量
                    {
                        //绘制刻度线
                        e.Graphics.DrawLine(tem_p, i + 1 + thisleft, SpaceBetween, i + 1 + thisleft, SpaceBetween + tem_temHeight);
                        if (tem_value.Length > 0)//如果有刻度值
                            //绘制刻度值
                            ProtractString(e.Graphics, tem_value.Trim(), i + 1 + thisleft, SpaceBetween, i + 1 + thisleft, SpaceBetween + tem_temHeight, 0);
                    }
                    if (RulerStyle == Ruler.Rule)//如果是以标尺进行测量
                    {
                        if (tem_value.Length > 0)//如果有刻度值
                        {
                            e.Graphics.DrawLine(tem_p, i + 1 + thisleft, 4, i + 1 + thisleft, 7);//绘制顶端的刻度线
                            e.Graphics.DrawLine(tem_p, i + 1 + thisleft, Distance_Y - 9, i + 1 + thisleft, Distance_Y - 7);//绘制底端的刻度线
                            float tem_space = 3 + (Distance_X - 19F - 9F - StringSize(tem_value.Trim(),this.Font, false)) / 2F;//设置文本的横向位置
                            //绘制文本
                            ProtractString(e.Graphics, tem_value.Trim(), i + 1 + thisleft, (float)Math.Ceiling(tem_space), i + 1 + thisleft, (float)Math.Ceiling(tem_space) + tem_temHeight, 0);
                        }
                    }
                    i += Degree;//累加刻度的宽度
                }
                //纵向刻度的设置
                if (UnitStyle == Unit.Cm)//如果刻度的单位是厘米
                    Degree = e.Graphics.DpiX / 25.4F;//将像素转换成毫米
                if (UnitStyle == Unit.Pels)//如果刻度的单位是像素
                    Degree = 10;//刻度值设为10像素
                int tem_height = this.Height - 3;
                tem_n = (int)StartBitV;//记录纵向滚动条的位置
                if (tem_n != StartBitV)//如果纵向滚动条的位置为小数
                    StartBitV = (int)StartBitV;//对其进行取整
                for (float i = 0; i < tem_height; )//在文本框的左端绘制标尺
                {
                    tem_temHeight = Scale1;//设置刻度线的最小值
                    float j = (i + (int)StartBitV) / Degree;//获取当前的刻度值
                    tem_value = "";
                    j = (int)j;//对刻度值进行取整
                    if (j % 10 == 0)//如果刻度值是10进位
                    {
                        tem_temHeight = Scale10;//设置刻度线的长度为最长
                        if (UnitStyle == Unit.Cm)//如果刻度的单位是厘米
                            tem_value = Convert.ToString(j / 10);//获取厘米的刻度值
                        if (UnitStyle == Unit.Pels)//如果刻度的单位是像素
                            tem_value = Convert.ToString((int)j * 10);//获取像素的刻度值
                    }
                    else if (j % 5 == 0)//如果刻度值是5进位
                    {
                        tem_temHeight = Scale5;//设置刻度线的长度为中等
                    }
                    tem_p.Width = 1;
                    if (RulerStyle == Ruler.Graduation)//如果是以刻度值进行测量
                    {
                        //绘制刻度线
                        e.Graphics.DrawLine(tem_p, SpaceBetween, i + 1 + Distance_Y, SpaceBetween + tem_temHeight, i + 1 + Distance_Y);
                        if (tem_value.Length > 0)//如果有刻度值
                            //绘制刻度值
                            ProtractString(e.Graphics, tem_value.Trim(), SpaceBetween, i + 1 + Distance_Y, SpaceBetween + tem_temHeight, i + 1 + Distance_Y, 1);
                    }
                    if (RulerStyle == Ruler.Rule)//如果是以标尺进行测量
                    {
                        if (tem_value.Length > 0)//如果有刻度值
                        {
                            e.Graphics.DrawLine(tem_p, 4, i + 1 + Distance_Y, 7, i + 1 + Distance_Y);//绘制左端刻度线
                            e.Graphics.DrawLine(tem_p, Distance_Y - 9, i + 1 + Distance_Y, Distance_Y - 7, i + 1 + Distance_Y);//绘制右端刻度线
                            float tem_space = 3 + (Distance_X - 19F - 9F - StringSize(tem_value.Trim(),this.Font, false)) / 2F;//设置文本的纵向位置
                            //绘制文本
                            ProtractString(e.Graphics, tem_value.Trim(), (float)Math.Floor(tem_space), i + 1 + Distance_Y, (float)Math.Floor(tem_space) + tem_temHeight, i + 1 + Distance_Y, 1);
                        }
                    }
                    i += Degree;//累加刻度值
                }
                if (CodeShow)//如果显示行号
                {
                    //设置文本的高度
                    float tem_FontHeight = (float)(richTextBox1.Height / (StringSize(CodeSize.ToString(), richTextBox1.Font, false)));
                    float tem_tep = richTextBox1.Top;//获取文本框的顶端位置
                    int tem_mark = 0;
                    for (int i = 0; i < (int)tem_FontHeight; i++)//绘制行号
                    {
                        tem_mark = i + (int)CodeSize;//设置代码编号的宽度
                        //绘制行号
                        e.Graphics.DrawString(tem_mark.ToString(), this.Font, new SolidBrush(Color.Red), new PointF(richTextBox1.Left - StringSize(tem_mark.ToString(), this.Font, true) - 2, tem_tep));
                        tem_tep = tem_tep + StringSize("懂", richTextBox1.Font, false);//设置下一个行号的X坐标值
                    }
                }
    
            }
    
            private void GuageRichTextBox_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                richTextBox1.Top = Distance_X;//设置控件的顶端位置
                richTextBox1.Left = Distance_Y;//设置控件的左端位置
                richTextBox1.Width = this.Width - Distance_X - 2;//设置控件的宽度
                richTextBox1.Height = this.Height - Distance_Y - 2;//设置控件的高度
                this.Invalidate();
            }
    
            private void richTextBox1_HScroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                StartBitH = (int)(Math.Abs((float)richTextBox1.GetPositionFromCharIndex(0).X - 1));//检索控件横向内指定字符索引处的位置
                this.Invalidate();
            }
    
            private void richTextBox1_VScroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                StartBitV = (int)(Math.Abs((float)richTextBox1.GetPositionFromCharIndex(0).Y - 1));//检索控件纵向内指定字符索引处的位置
                if (CodeShow)//如果显示行号
                    CodeSize = (int)Math.Abs((richTextBox1.GetPositionFromCharIndex(0).Y / StringSize("懂", richTextBox1.Font, false)));//设置行号的高度
                this.Invalidate();
            }
            #endregion
    
            #region 方法
            /// <summary>
            /// 在指定的位置绘制文本信息
            /// </summary>
            /// <param e="Graphics">封装一个绘图的类对象</param>
            /// <param str="string">文本信息</param>
            /// <param x1="float">左上角x坐标</param>
            /// <param y1="float">左上角y坐标</param>
            /// <param x2="float">右下角x坐标</param>
            /// <param y2="float">右下角y坐标</param>
            /// <param n="float">标识,判断是在横向标尺上绘制文字还是在纵向标尺上绘制文字</param>
            public void ProtractString(Graphics e, string str, float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2, float n)
            {
                float TitWidth = StringSize(str,this.Font, true);//获取字符串的宽度
                if (n == 0)//在横向标尺上绘制文字
                    e.DrawString(str, this.Font, new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new PointF(x2 - TitWidth / 2, y2 + 1));
                else//在纵向标尺上绘制文字
                {
                    StringFormat drawFormat = new StringFormat();//实例化StringFormat类
                    drawFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical;//设置文本为垂直对齐
                    //绘制指定的文本
                    e.DrawString(str, this.Font, new SolidBrush(Color.Black), new PointF(x2 + 1, y2 - TitWidth / 2), drawFormat);
                }
            }
    
            /// <summary>
            /// 获取文本的高度或宽度
            /// </summary>
            /// <param str="string">文本信息</param>
            /// <param font="Font">字体样式</param>
            /// <param n="bool">标识,判断返回的是高度还是宽度</param>
            public float StringSize(string str,Font font,bool n)//n==true为width
            {
                Graphics TitG = this.CreateGraphics();//创建Graphics类对象
                SizeF TitSize = TitG.MeasureString(str, font);//将绘制的字符串进行格式化
                float TitWidth = TitSize.Width;//获取字符串的宽度
                float TitHeight = TitSize.Height;//获取字符串的高度
                if (n)
                    return TitWidth;//返回文本信息的宽度
                else
                    return TitHeight;//返回文本信息的高度
            }
            #endregion
        }
    }

右击项目，生成一下，就可以看到窗体的工具箱上面多了一组工具，可以看到我们定义的控件

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

### 代码下载 ###

[https://download.csdn.net/download/BADAO\_LIUMANG\_QIZHI/12240495][https_download.csdn.net_download_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_12240495]

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[https_blog.csdn.net_badao_liumang_qizhi]: https://blog.csdn.net/badao_liumang_qizhi
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[https_download.csdn.net_download_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_12240495]: https://download.csdn.net/download/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/12240495