Centos7下安装Elasticsearch6步骤

悠悠 2023-10-06 17:43 36阅读 0赞

#### Centos7下安装Elasticsearch6步骤 ####

*  1、安装jdk
 *  2、安装Elasticsearch
 *   *  1、新建一个esGroup组和用户（出于安全考虑，Elasticsearch默认是不允许使用root账号运行的）
     *  2、更改Elasticsearch文件的拥有者，默认所属root
     *  3、编辑 elasticsearch.yml
 *  3. 运行elasticsearch
 *  4、 在启动过程中的错误

## 1、安装jdk ##

由于es是基于Java开发的，所以在安装es之前我得先安装jdk，要求版本在1.8以上，如果linux上还没有安装jdk1.8的可以参考。

[CentOS 7 安装 JAVA环境（JDK 1.8][CentOS 7 _ JAVA_JDK 1.8]

## 2、安装Elasticsearch ##

下载地址：https://download.csdn.net/download/weiguang102/18936517

上传安装包,并解压

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-6.2.4.tar.gz

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bin          //主要存放的是elasticsearch相关的脚本文件
    config       // 存放的是elasticsearch的配置文件
    jdk         //elasticsearch自带的jdk
    logs        //elasticsearch存放日志
    modules     //elasticsearch的功能模块
    plugins     //elasticsearch的插件，我们安装的插件存放在此目录

### 1、新建一个esGroup组和用户（出于安全考虑，Elasticsearch默认是不允许使用root账号运行的） ###

#新建组
    groupadd esGroup 
    #新建用户 
    useradd esUser -g esGroup 
    #切换用户
    su esUser

### 2、更改Elasticsearch文件的拥有者，默认所属root ###

使用如下命令更改文件所属：

chown esUser:esGroup elasticsearch-6.2.4/ -R

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaWd1YW5nMTAy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

### 3、编辑 elasticsearch.yml ###

在这里我们需要对elasticsearch进行相关的配置，编辑config目录下的elasticsearch.yml文件，重点关注以下7个配置项：

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
    #
    # NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
    #       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
    #       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
    #
    # The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
    # the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
    #
    # Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
    # https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
    #
    # ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
    #
    # Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
    #
    #cluster.name: my-application
    #
    # ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
    #
    # Use a descriptive name for the node:
    #
    #node.name: node-1
    #
    # Add custom attributes to the node:
    #
    #node.attr.rack: r1
    #
    # ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
    #
    # Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
    #
    path.data: /usr/local/elasticsearch-6.2.4/data  # 数据目录位置（没有需要创建目录属于主esUser）
    #
    # Path to log files:
    #
    path.logs: /usr/local/elasticsearch-6.2.4/logs  # 日志目录位置
    #
    # ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
    #
    # Lock the memory on startup:
    #
    #bootstrap.memory_lock: true
    #
    # Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
    # on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
    # limit.
    #
    # Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
    #
    # ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
    #
    # Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
    #
    network.host: 0.0.0.0  # 任何主机（绑定的ip）
    #
    # Set a custom port for HTTP:
    #
    #http.port: 9200
    #
    # For more information, consult the network module documentation.
    #
    # --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
    #
    # Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
    # The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
    #
    #discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
    #
    # Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
    #
    #discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 
    #
    # For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
    #
    # ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
    #
    # Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
    #
    #gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
    #
    # For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
    #
    # ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
    #
    # Require explicit names when deleting indices:
    #
    #action.destructive_requires_name: true

## 3. 运行elasticsearch ##

首先先切换事先创建的esUser 用户 然后 进行 elasticsearch-6.2.4下的bin目录启动

su -es #切换用户
     
    cd /elasticsearch-6.2.4/bin 
     
    ./elasticsearch #启动elasticsearch

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaWd1YW5nMTAy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
需要注意是图中绑定了两个端口（9300和 9200）：

9300：集群节点间通讯接口 9200：客户端访问接口

`elasticsearch` 的默认端口为9200，为方便测试，笔者将服务器9200端口开放，执行命令如下：

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9200/tcp --permanent
    firewall-cmd --reload

然后 打开浏览器进行测试：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaWd1YW5nMTAy_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

## 4、 在启动过程中的错误 ##

注意：所有错误修改完毕，一定要重启你的 Xshell终端，否则配置无效。

ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed
    [1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
    [2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

解决第一个错误：

打开新的窗口切换到`root`用户，使用`vim /etc/security/limits.conf`命令编辑`limits.conf`，添加以下内容：

*  soft  nofile  65536
    *  hard  nofile  65536

解决第二个错误：

`elasticsearch`用户拥有的内存权限太小，至少需要262144。切换root用户下，使用`vim /etc/sysctl.conf`命令编辑`sysctl.conf`文件。

添加以下内容：

vm.max_map_count=262144

执行 `sysctl -p` 使修改生效。

这里两个错误修改以后，在服务器没有重启的情况下重新启动 `elasticsearch`，第一个问题依然存在，需要重启服务器。

[CentOS 7 _ JAVA_JDK 1.8]: https://blog.csdn.net/weiguang102/article/details/117117189
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