ASP.NET的MVC中使用Cookie做身份验证(附代码下载)

亦凉 2023-10-06 12:32 4阅读 0赞

## 场景 ##

ASP.NET的MVC中使用Session做身份验证(附代码下载)：

[https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO\_LIUMANG\_QIZHI/article/details/107181028][https_blog.csdn.net_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_article_details_107181028]

在上面使用Session做身份验证之后，如果网站很热门，那么使用Session就会造成主机非常大的负担。

使用Cookie做身份验证的主要目的是在于降低主机端的负担。

注：

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[https://blog.csdn.net/badao\_liumang\_qizhi ][https_blog.csdn.net_badao_liumang_qizhi]  
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## 实现 ##

同上在新建项目时选择无身份验证，然后打开HomeController，添加登录的action

public ActionResult Login(string account, string password)
            {
                var cookieName = "mvcAuth";
                //如果用户名和密码正确
                if (account == "mvc" && password == "123456")
                {
                    //如果已经存在这个cookie则将其删除
                    if (Response.Cookies.AllKeys.Contains(cookieName))
                    {
                        var cookieVal = Response.Cookies[cookieName].Value;
                        HttpContext.Application.Remove(cookieVal);
                        Response.Cookies.Remove(cookieName);
                    }
                    //登录成功产生一组cookie
                    var token = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
    
                    //将 token 存放到 Application 內(实际上应该存进数据库)
                    HttpContext.Application[token] = DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(1);
                    //新建一个Cookie
                    var hc = new HttpCookie(cookieName, token)
                    {
                        //设置此Cookie的过期时间
                        Expires = DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
                        //设置Cookie是否可以通过客户端脚本访问
                        HttpOnly = true
                    };
                    //将Cookie添加到Cookie集合
                    Response.Cookies.Add(hc);
                }
                //重定向到index
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }

上面产生一组GUID后存放至Cookie内，这里使用的是Application对象存放用户登录的时间，实际应该使用数据库。

因为使用Cookie存放数据，而这些数据只有后端程序代码才需要访问，因此强烈建议加上HttpOnly,提高安全性。

再来建立Filters目录，用来存放自定义验证逻辑的类，在此目录下新建类AuthorizePlusAttribute

此类要继承AuthorizeAttribute，并重写方法OnAuthorization

注意要添加命名空间

using System.Web.Mvc;

AuthorizePlusAttribute类代码：

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Web;
    using System.Web.Mvc;
    
    namespace MVCCookieTest.Filters
    {
        public class AuthorizePlusAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute
        {
            public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
            {
                //获取Token
                var token = Convert.ToString(filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Cookies["mvcAuth"].Value);
                //如果token为空 丢回401
                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(token))
                {
                    base.HandleUnauthorizedRequest(filterContext);
                }
                //获取登录时间
                var loginTime = Convert.ToDateTime(filterContext.HttpContext.Application[token]);
                //将登录时间与当前的时间进行对比来判断是否为登录状态
                if (loginTime > DateTime.UtcNow)
                {
                    //验证通过
                }
                else
                {
                    base.HandleUnauthorizedRequest(filterContext);
                }
    
            }
        }
    }

然后打开index.cshtml添加登录窗体与测试登录后=访问的链接

<div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            @using (Html.BeginForm("Login", "Home"))
            {
                <input type="text" name="account" class="form-control" />
                @Html.Password("password", null, new { @class = "form-control" })
                <button>登录</button>
            }
        </div>
    </div>
    <a href="@Url.Action("test")" class="btn btn-block btn-success">登录后才能进入</a>

为了访问此登录后的链接，打开HomeController，添加test的action

[AuthorizePlus]
            public ActionResult Test()
            {
                return Content("登入成功");
            }

使用AuthorizePlus注解需要添加命名空间

using System.Web.Mvc;

然后运行项目，如果没有登录直接点击测试链接后

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

只有输入正确的用户名mvc和密码123456之后，再点击测试链接

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

### 示例代码下载 ###

[https://download.csdn.net/download/BADAO\_LIUMANG\_QIZHI/12584817][https_download.csdn.net_download_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_12584817]

[https_blog.csdn.net_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_article_details_107181028]: https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/107181028
[https_blog.csdn.net_badao_liumang_qizhi]: https://blog.csdn.net/badao_liumang_qizhi
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200707153256153.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200707153302414.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[https_download.csdn.net_download_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_12584817]: https://download.csdn.net/download/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/12584817