ASP.NET中添加View与Razor引擎以及View解析和Controller向View传值

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2023-10-06 11:31 7阅读 0赞

## 场景 ##

ASP.NET中MVC添加Controller以及访问其Action：

[https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO\_LIUMANG\_QIZHI/article/details/106796402][https_blog.csdn.net_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_article_details_106796402]

在上面新建完Controller并请求方法时返回的是string类型的字符串。

如果要返回一个View要怎么办。

注：

博客：  
[https://blog.csdn.net/badao\_liumang\_qizhi][https_blog.csdn.net_badao_liumang_qizhi]  
关注公众号  
霸道的程序猿  
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## 实现 ##

### 新建View ###

上面在新建Controller时会在Views目录下新建相应的目录，这里是Hello,右击Hello,添加--带有视图的MVC5 视图页（Razor）

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

选择布局页，这里选择第一个，点击确定

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

然后取名字为Index.cshtml

建立完之后

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

添加之后的View可以直接右键选择在Page Inspector中查看和在浏览器中查看

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

如果选择了在Page Inspector中查看

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

这里可以使用Razor引擎进行页面设置

### Razor引擎 ###

Razor 是一种允许您向网页中嵌入基于服务器的代码（Visual Basic 和 C\#）的标记语法

当网页被写入浏览器时，基于服务器的代码能够创建动态内容。在网页加载时，服务器在向浏览器返回页面之前，会执行页面内的基于服务器代码。由于是在服务器上运行，这种代码能执行复杂的任务，比如访问数据库。

Razor在减少代码冗余、增强代码可读性和VS智能感知方面，都有着突出的优势。 Razor一经推出就深受所有ASP.Net开发者的喜爱。

使用Razor的语法就是在@\{\}之间编写C\#逻辑变量，然后就可以通过@调用比如在上面新建的Index.cshtml

@{
        Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
    }
    
    
    @{
        var name = "霸道的程序猿";
    }
    <p>公众号:@name</p>

然后上面的代码就是声明一个string 变量叫name.然后在下面的p标签中调用。

### View解析 ###

上面新增的view的布局文件的位置在Views下Shared目录下\_Layout.cshtml

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

在这里就可以对布局文件进行修改。

上面我们新建的View页面的名字时Index.cshtml,这里的名字要与Controller下的Action即方法名对应

Controller中的方法为

public class HelloController : Controller
        {
            //
            // GET: /Hello/
            public ActionResult Index()
            {
                return View();
            }
     }

运行项目这里就可以通过

[http://localhost:2730/Hello/Index][http_localhost_2730_Hello_Index]

访问到Index这个View

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

### Controller向View传递参数 ###

在Controller中新建一个Action，并传递两个参数，其中这两个参数有默认值，即没有参数传递时的值

public ActionResult Welcome(string name = "公众号:霸道的程序猿",int count = 3)
            {
                ViewBag.Name = name;
                ViewBag.Count = count;
                return View();
            }

然后在Views下新建一个View与Welcome同名

@{
        Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
    }
    
    <h2>Welcome</h2>
    <ul>
        @for (int i = 0; i < ViewBag.Count; i++)
        {
            <li>@ViewBag.Name</li>
        }
    </ul>
      }

然后运行项目在浏览器中输入

[http://localhost:2730/Hello/Welcome][http_localhost_2730_Hello_Welcome]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

上面是使用默认参数的效果，下面传递参数，输入

[http://localhost:2730/Hello/Welcome?name=badao&&count=5][http_localhost_2730_Hello_Welcome_name_badao_count_5]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

[https_blog.csdn.net_BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI_article_details_106796402]: https://blog.csdn.net/BADAO_LIUMANG_QIZHI/article/details/106796402
[https_blog.csdn.net_badao_liumang_qizhi]: https://blog.csdn.net/badao_liumang_qizhi
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153713410.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153803134.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153723311.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153727624.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153750163.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[http_localhost_2730_Hello_Index]: http://localhost:2730/Hello/Index
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153928742.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[http_localhost_2730_Hello_Welcome]: http://localhost:2730/Hello/Welcome
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153859276.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[http_localhost_2730_Hello_Welcome_name_badao_count_5]: http://localhost:2730/Hello/Welcome?name=badao&&count=5
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200617153904438.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0JBREFPX0xJVU1BTkdfUUlaSEk=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70