2D游戏开发--- 雷电小游戏小鸟飞呀飞

绝地灬酷狼 2023-10-06 11:05 61阅读 0赞

## 基于HTML5的游戏制作 ##

*  HTML5是构建Web内容的一种语言描述方式。HTML5是互联网的下一代标准，是构建以及呈现互联网内容的一种语言方式．被认为是互联网的核心技术之一。
 *  本次实验为验证性作业，代码为老师所给。
 *  开发工具：Adobe Dreamweaver CC 2019

拼图游戏

*  游戏介绍：拼图游戏将一幅图片分割咸若干拼块并将它们随机打乱顺序，当将所有拼块都放回原位置时，就完成了拼图（游戏结束）。此拼图可调节难度，增加或减少块数。
 *  HTML代码如下：

<!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>拼图游戏</title>
    <style>
    	.picture{
    		border: 1px solid black;
    	}
    </style>
    </head>
    
    <body>
    	<div id="title">
    		<h2>拼图游戏</h2>
    	</div>
    	<div id="slider">
    		<form>
    			<label>低</label>
    			<input type="range" id="scale" value="4" min="3" max="5" step="1">
    			<label>高</label>
    		</form>
    		<br>
    	</div>
    	<div id="main" class="main">
    		<canvas id="puzzle" width="480px" height="480px"></canvas>
    	</div>
    </body>
    <script src="js/sliding.js"></script>
    </html>

*  JavaScript代码如下：

雷电飞机设计游戏

*  游戏介绍：经典小游戏，飞机从上向下出现，玩家操控自己的飞机发射激光，破坏敌机，自己的飞机被破坏游戏结束。
 *  代码如下：

<!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>飞机大战</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <canvas id="myCanvas" width="320" height="480" style="border: solid">
    	你的浏览器不支持canvas画布元素，请更新浏览器获得演示效果。
    </canvas>
    <div id="message_txt" style="display: block;">飞机大战</div>
    <div id="score_txt" style="display: block;">分数：0分</div>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    	var canvas=document.getElementById('myCanvas');
    	var context=canvas.getContext('2d');
    	document.addEventListener('keydown',onKeydown);
    	//飞机类
    	var Plan=function(image,x,y,n){
    		this.image=image;
    		this.x=x;
    		this.y=y;
    		this.originX=x;
    		this.originY=y;
    		this.width=image.width/n;
    		this.height=image.height;
    		this.isCaught=false;
    		this.frm=0;
    		this.dis=0;
    		this.n=n;
    	};
    	Plan.prototype.getCaught=function(bool){
    		this.isCaught=bool;
    		if (bool==false){
    			this.originX=0;
    			this.originY=this.y;
    		}
    	};
    	Plan.prototype.testPoint=function(x,y){
    		var betweenX=(x>=this.x)&&(x<=this.x+this.width);
    		var betweenY=(y>=this.y)&&(y<=this.y+this.height);
    		return betweenX&&betweenY;
    	};
    	Plan.prototype.move=function(dx,dy){
    		this.x+=dx;
    		this.y+=dy;
    	};
    	Plan.prototype.Y=function(){
    		return this.y;
    	};
    	//不断下移地画飞机
    	Plan.prototype.draw=function(ctx){
    		ctx.save();
    		ctx.translate(this.x,this.y);
    		ctx.drawImage(this.image,this.frm*this.width,0,this.width,this.height,0,0,this.width,this.height);
    		ctx.restore();
    		this.y++;
    		this.x=this.originX+20*Math.sin(Math.PI/100*this.y);
    		this.dis++;
    		if(this.dis>=3){//3帧换图
    			this.dis=0;
    			this.frm++;
    			if(this.frm>=this.n) this.frm=0;
    		}
    	};
    	//原地不动画飞机
    	Plan.prototype.draw2=function(ctx){
    		ctx.save();
    		ctx.translate(this.x,this.y);
    		ctx.drawImage(this.image,this.frm*this.width,0,this.width,this.height,0,0,this.width,this.height);
    		ctx.restore();
    		this.dis++;
    		if(this.dis>=3){//3帧换图
    			this.dis=0;
    			this.frm++;
    			if(this.frm>=this.n) this.frm=0;
    		}
    	};
    	//飞机碰撞检测
    	//将所有子弹对象的矩形区域与敌机对象的矩形区域逐一检测，如果重叠则说明子弹与与敌机的碰撞
    	Plan.prototype.hitTestObject=function(planobj){
    		if(iscolliding(this.x,this.y,this.width,this.height,planobj.x,planobj.y,planobj.width,planobj.height))
    			//发生碰撞
    			return true;
    		else
    			return false;
    	}
    	function iscolliding(ax,ay,aw,ah,bx,by,bw,bh){
    		if(ay>by+bh||by>ay+ah||ax>bx+bw||bx>ax+aw)
    			return false;
    		else
    			return true;
    	}
    	//子弹类
    	var Bullet=function(image,x,y){
    		this.image=image;
    		this.x=x;
    		this.y=y;
    		this.originX=x;
    		this.originY=y;
    		this.width=image.width/4;
    		this.height=image.height;
    		this.isCaught=false;
    		this.frm=0;
    		this.dis=0;
    	}
    	Bullet.prototype.testPoint=function(x,y){
    		var betweenX=(x>=this.x)&&(x<this.x+this.width);
    		var betweenY=(y>=this.y)&&(y<this.y+this.height);
    		return betweenX&&betweenY;
    	};
    	Bullet.prototype.move=function(dx,dy){
    		this.x+=dx;
    		this.y+=dy;
    	};
    	Bullet.prototype.Y=function(){
    		return this.y;
    	};
    	Bullet.prototype.draw=function(ctx){
    		ctx.save();
    		ctx.translate(this.x,this.y);
    		ctx.drawImage(this.image,this.frm*this.width,0,this.width,this.height,0,0,this.width,this.height);
    		ctx.restore();
    		this.y--;
    		this.dis++;
    		if(this.dis>=10){//10帧换图
    			this.dis=0;
    			this.frm++;
    			if(this.frm>=4) this.frm=0;
    		}
    	};
    	//检测子弹与敌人的碰撞
    	Bullet.prototype.hitTestObject=function(planobj){
    		if(iscolliding(this.x,this.y,this.width,this.height,planobj.x,planobj.y,planobj.width,planobj.height))
    			return true;
    		else
    			return false;
    	}
    	//爆炸动画
    	var Bomb=function(image,x,y){
    		this.image=image;
    		this.x=x;
    		this.y=y;
    		this.width=image.width/6;
    		this.height=image.height;
    		this.frm=0;
    		this.dis=0;
    	};
    	Bomb.prototype.draw2=function(ctx){
    		ctx.save();
    		ctx.translate(this.x,this.y);
    		if(this.frm>=6) return ;
    		ctx.drawImage(this.image,this.frm*this.width,0,this.width,this.height,0,0,this.width,this.height);
    		ctx.restore();
    		this.dis++;
    		if(this.dis>=10){//10帧换图
    			this.dis=0;
    			this.frm++;
    		}
    	};
    	var plan1,plan2,plan3,plan4,caughtplan=null;
    	var isClick=false;
    	var mouseX,mouseY,preX,preY;
    	var plans=[];
    	var bullets=[];
    	var bombs=[];
    	var score=0;
    	var overflag=false;//游戏是否结束，true为结束
    	var myplane;//己方飞机
    	//导入图片
    	var image=new Image();
    	var image2=new Image();
    	var image3=new Image();
    	var image4=new Image();
    	var image5=new Image();
    	var bakground=new Image();
    	bakground.src='images/map_0.png';
    	image.src='images/plan.png';//自己飞机图片
    	image.onload=function(){
    
    	}
    	image2.src='images/bomb.png';//爆炸图片
    	image2.onload=function(){
    
    	}
    	image3.src='images/enemy.png';//敌机图片
    	image3.onload=function(){
    		myplane=new Plan(image,300*Math.random(),400,6);
    		plan_interval=setInterval(function(){
    			plans.push(new Plan(image3,300*Math.random(),20*Math.random(),2));
    		},3000);//3秒产生一架敌机
    		setInterval(function(){
    			context.clearRect(0,0,320,480);
    			context.drawImage(bakground,0,0);
    		    //画己方飞机
    			if(!overflag)//游戏没有结束
    				myplane.draw2(context);//原地不动
    		    //画敌方飞机
    			for(var i=plans.length-1;i>=0;i--){
    				if (plans[i].Y()>400)
    					plans.splice(i,1);//删除敌机
    				else
    					plans[i].draw(context);
    			}
    		    //画子弹
    			for (var i=bullets.length-1;i>=0;i--){
    				if (bullets[i].Y()<100)
    					bullets.splice(i,1);//删除子弹
    				else
    					bullets[i].draw(context);
    			}
    			//碰撞检测
    		    //判断敌机碰到玩家自己飞机
    			for (vari=plans.length-1;i>=0;i--){
    				e1=plans[i];
    				if(e1!=null && myplane!=null && myplane.hitTestObject(e1)){
    					clearInterval(plan_interval);//清除定时器，不再产生敌机
    					plans.splice(i,1);//删除敌机
    					bombs.push(new Bomb(image2,myplane.x,myplane.y));
    					message_txt.innerHTML='敌机碰到玩家自己飞机，游戏结束';
    					overflag=true;
    				}
    			}
    	        //判断子弹碰到敌机
    			for(var j=bullets.length-1;j>=0;j--){
    				var b1=bullets[j];
    				for(var i=plans.length-1;i>=0;i--){
    					e1=plans[i];
    					if (e1!=null && b1!=null && b1.hitTestObject(e1)){//击中敌机
    						plans.splice(i,1);//删除敌机
    						bullets.splice(i,1);//删除此颗子弹
    						bombs.push(new Bomb(image2,b1.x,b1.y-36));
    						message_txt.innerHTML='敌机被击中，加20分';
    						score+=20;
    						score_txt.innerHTML='分数：'+score+'分';
    					}
    				}
    			}
    		    //画爆炸
    			for (var i=bombs.length-1;i>=0;i--){
    				if (bombs[i].frm>=6)
    					bombs.splice(i,1);//删除炸弹
    				else
    					bombs[i].draw2(context);
    			}
    
    		},1000/60);
    	};
    	image4.src='images/bullet.png';//子弹图片
    	image4.onload=function(){
    	};
    	//飞机移动控制
    	function onKeydown(e){
    		if(e.keyCode==32){//空格
    			//发射子弹
    			bullets.push(new Bullet(image4,myplane.x,myplane.y-36));
    		}else if(e.keyCode==37){//向左
    			myplane.move(-10,0);
    		}else if(e.keyCode==39){//向右
    			myplane.move(10,0);
    		}else if(e.keyCode==38){//向上
    			myplane.move(0,-10);
    		}else if(e.keyCode==40){//向下
    			myplane.move(0,10);
    		}
    	}
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>

#### 雷电飞机设计游戏 ####

*  游戏介绍：经典小游戏，飞机从上向下出现，玩家操控自己的飞机发射激光，破坏敌机，自己的飞机被破坏游戏结束。
 *  代码如下：

执行结果截图：

![format_png][]

#### FlappyBird游戏 ####

*  游戏介绍：鼠标点击开始游戏，并控制小鸟的飞翔，躲避障碍物，飞向终点。
 *  HTML代码如下：

<!doctype html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Flappy Bird</title>
    </head>
    
    <body>
    	<canvas id="canvas" width="340" height="453" style="border: 2px solid #000;background: #fff;"></canvas>
    	<script src="js/bird.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    </body>
    </html>

*  JavaScript代码如下：

// JavaScript Document
    var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
    var c = canvas.getContext("2d");
    //三个类，Bird类，Obstacle类，FlappyBird类（游戏主要函数）
    function Bird(x, y, image){
    	this.x = x;
    	this.y = y;
    	this.width = image.width / 2;
    	this.height = image.height;
    	this.image = image;
    	this.draw = function(context, state){
    		if(state === "up")
    			context.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this.width, this.height, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
    		else
    			context.drawImage(image, this.width, 0, this.width, this.height, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
    	}
    };
    function Obstacle(x, y, h, image){
    	this.x = x;
    	this.y = y;
    	this.width = image.width / 2;
    	this.height = h;
    	this.flypast = false;//没被飞过
    	this.draw = function(context, state){
    		if(state === "up")
    			context.drawImage(image, 0, 0, this.width, this.height, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
    		else
    			context.drawImage(image, this.width, image.height - this.height, this.width, this.height, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height);
    	}
    };
    //FlappyBird类包括了游戏主要参数及运行时需要的函数
    function FlappyBird(){}
    FlappyBird.prototype = {
    	bird: null, //小鸟
    	bg: null, //背景图
    	obs: null, //障碍物
    	obsList: [],
    	
    	mapWidth: 340, //画布宽度
    	mapHeight: 453, //画布高度
    	startX: 90, //起始位置
    	startY: 225, 
    	obsDistance: 150, //上下障碍物距离
    	obsSpeed: 2, //障碍物移动速度
    	obsInterval: 2000, //制造障碍物间隔ms
    	upSpeed: 8, //上升速度
    	downSpeed: 3, //下降速度
    	line: 56, //地面高度
    	score: 0, //得分
    	touch: false, //是否触摸
    	gameOver: false,
    	
    	/*变化参数可以改变游戏难度。
    	函数列表：
    	CreateMap: function(){}
    	CreateObs: function(){}
    	DrawObs: function(){}
    	CountScore: function(){}
    	ShowScore: function(){}
    	CanMove: function(){}
    	CheckTouch: function(){}
    	ClearScreen: function(){}
    	ShowOver: function(){}
    	*/
    	
    	CreateMap: function(){
    		//背景
    		this.bg = new Image();
    		this.bg.src = "images/flappybird/bg.png";
    		var startBg = new Image();
    		startBg.src = "images/flappybird/start.jpg";
    		// 由于Image异步加载，在加载完成时绘制图像
    		startBg.onload = function(){
    			c.drawImage(startBg, 0, 0);
    		};
    		
    		//小鸟
    		var image = new Image();
    		image.src = "images/flappybird/bird.png";
    		image.onload = function(){
    			this.bird = new Bird(this.startX, this.startY, image);
    			//this.bird.draw(c, "down");
    		}.bind(this);
    		
    		//障碍物
    		this.obs = new Image();
    		this.obs.src = "images/flappybird/obs.png";
    		this.obs.onload = function(){
    			var h =100; //默认第一障碍物上管道高度为100
    			var h2 = this.mapHeight - h - this.obsDistance;
    			var obs1 = new Obstacle(this.mapWidth, this.mapHeight - h2, h2 - this.line, this.obs);
    			var obs2 = new Obstacle(this.mapWidth,this.mapHeight-h2,h2-this.line,this.obs);
    			this.obsList.push(obs1);
    			this.obsList.push(obs2);
    		}.bind(this)
    	},
    	CreateObs: function(){
    		//随机产生障碍物上管道高度
    		var h = Math.floor(Math.random() * (this.mapHeight - this.obsDistance - this.line));
    		var h2 = this.mapHeight - h - this.obsDistance;
    		var obs1 = new Obstacle(this.mapWidth, 0, h, this.obs);
    		var obs2 = new Obstacle(this.mapWidth, this.mapHeight - h2, h2 - this.line,this.obs);
    		this.obsList.push(obs1);
    		this.obsList.push(obs2);
    		
    		//移除越界障碍物
    		if(this.obsList[0].x < -this.obsList[0].width)
    			this.obsList.splice(0, 2);
    	},
    	DrawObs: function(){ //绘制障碍物
    		c.fillStyle = "#00ff00";
    		for(var i = 0;i < this.obsList.length; i++){
    			this.obsList[i].x -= this.obsSpeed;
    			if(i % 2)
    				this.obsList[i].draw(c, "up");
    			else
    				this.obsList[i].draw(c, "down");
    		}
    	},
    	CountScore: function(){//计分
    		if(this.obsList[0].x + this.obsList[0].width < this.startX && this.obsList[0].flypast==false){
    			//小鸟坐标超过obsList[0]障碍物
    			this.score += 1;
    			this.obsList[0].flypast = true;
    		}
    	},
    	ShowScore: function(){//显示分数
    		c.strokeStyle = "#000";
    		c.lineWidth = 1;
    		c.fillStyle = "#fff";
    		c.fillText(this.score, 10, 50);
    		c.strokeText(this.score, 10, 50);
    	},
    	CanMove: function(){//碰撞检测
    		if(this.bird.y < 0 || this.bird.y > this.mapHeight - this.bird.height - this.line){
    			this.gameOver = true;
    		}else{
    			var boundary = [{
    				x: this.bird.x,
    				y: this.bird.y
    			},{
    				x: this.bird.x + this.bird.width,
    				y: this.bird.y
    			},{
    				x: this.bird.x,
    				y: this.bird.y + this.bird.width,
    			},{
    				x: this.bird.x + this.bird.width,
    				y: this.bird.y + this.bird.height
    			}];
    			for(var i = 0; i < this.obsList.length; i++){
    				for(var j = 0; j < 4; j++)
    					if(boundary[j].x >= this.obsList[i].x && boundary[j].x <= this.obsList[i].x+this.obsList[i].width && boundary[j].y>=this.obsList[i].y && boundary[j].y <= this.obsList[i].y + this.obsList[i].height)
    						{
    							this.gameOver = true;
    							break;
    						}
    				if(this.gameOver)
    					break;
    			}
    		}
    	},
    	CheckTouch: function(){
    		if(this.touch){
    			this.bird.y -= this.upSpeed;
    			this.bird.draw(c, "up")
    		}else{
    			this.bird.y += this.downSpeed;
    			this.bird.draw(c, "down")
    		}
    	},
    	ClearScreen: function(){
    		c.drawImage(this.bg, 0, 0);
    	},
    	ShowOver: function(){
    		var overImag = new Image();
    		overImag.src = "images/flappybird/over.png";
    		overImag.onload = function(){
    			c.drawImage(overImag, (this.mapWidth - overImag.width) / 2, (this.mapHeight - overImag.height) / 2 - 50);
    		}.bind(this);
    		return;
    	}
    };
    
    var game = new FlappyBird();
    var Speed = 20;
    var IsPlay = false;
    var GameTime = null;
    var btn_start;
    window.onload = InitGame;
    
    function InitGame(){
    	c.font = "3em 微软雅黑";
    	game.CreateMap();
    	canvas.onmousedown = function(){
    		game.touch = true;
    	}
    	canvas.onmouseup = function(){
    		game.touch = false;
    	};
    	canvas.onclick = function(){
    		if(!IsPlay){
    			IsPlay = true;
    			GameTime = RunGame(Speed);
    		}
    	}
    }
    //游戏运行函数
    function RunGame(speed){
    	var updateTimer = setInterval(function(){
    		//若小鸟通过第一个障碍物启动记分器
    		game.CanMove();
    		if(game.gameOver){
    			game.ShowOver();
    			clearInterval(updateTimer);
    			return;
    		}
    		game.ClearScreen();
    		game.DrawObs();
    		game.CheckTouch();
    		game.CountScore();
    		game.ShowScore();
    	}, speed);
    	var obsTimer = setInterval(function(){
    		if(game.gameOver){
    			clearInterval(obsTimer);
    			return;
    		}
    		game.CreateObs();
    	}, game.obsInterval);
    }

![format_png 1][]

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