C++/VC中ANSI与UNICODE中字符定义和函数对照表

港控/mmm° 2023-10-06 10:52 12阅读 0赞

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td><strong>ANSI</strong></td> 
   <td><strong>UNICODE</strong></td> 
   <td><strong>通用</strong></td> 
   <td><strong>说明</strong></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">数据类型</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>(char.h)</td> 
   <td>(wchar.h)</td> 
   <td>(tchar.h)</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>char</td> 
   <td>wchar_t</td> 
   <td>TCHAR</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>char *</td> 
   <td>wchar_t *</td> 
   <td>TCHAR*</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>LPSTR</td> 
   <td>LPWSTR</td> 
   <td>LPTSTR</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>LPCSTR</td> 
   <td>LPCWSTR</td> 
   <td>LPCTSTR</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">字符串转换</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>atoi</td> 
   <td>_wtoi</td> 
   <td>_ttoi</td> 
   <td>把字符串转换成整数（int）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>atol</td> 
   <td>_wtol</td> 
   <td>_ttol</td> 
   <td>把字符串转换成长整型数（long）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>atof</td> 
   <td>_wtof</td> 
   <td>_tstof</td> 
   <td>把字符串转换成浮点数（double）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>itoa</td> 
   <td>_itow</td> 
   <td>_itot</td> 
   <td>将任意类型的数字转换为字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">字符串操作</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strlen</td> 
   <td>wcslen</td> 
   <td>_tcslen</td> 
   <td>获得字符串的数目</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strcpy</td> 
   <td>wcscpy</td> 
   <td>_tcscpy</td> 
   <td>拷贝字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strncpy</td> 
   <td>wcsncpy</td> 
   <td>_tcsncpy</td> 
   <td>类似于strcpy/wcscpy，同时指定拷贝的数目</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strcmp</td> 
   <td>wcscmp</td> 
   <td>_tcscmp</td> 
   <td>比较两个字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strncmp</td> 
   <td>wcsncmp</td> 
   <td>_tcsncmp</td> 
   <td>类似于strcmp/wcscmp，同时指定比较字符字符串的数目</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strcat</td> 
   <td>wcscat</td> 
   <td>_tcscat</td> 
   <td>把一个字符串接到另一个字符串的尾部</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strncat</td> 
   <td>wcsncat</td> 
   <td>_tcsnccat</td> 
   <td>类似于strcat/wcscat，而且指定粘接字符串的粘接长度.</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strchr</td> 
   <td>wcschr</td> 
   <td>_tcschr</td> 
   <td>查找子字符串的第一个位置</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strrchr</td> 
   <td>wcsrchr</td> 
   <td>_tcsrchr</td> 
   <td>从尾部开始查找子字符串出现的第一个位置</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strpbrk</td> 
   <td>wcspbrk</td> 
   <td>_tcspbrk</td> 
   <td>从一字符字符串中查找另一字符串中任何一个字符第一次出现的位置</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strstr</td> 
   <td>wcsstr/wcswcs</td> 
   <td>_tcsstr</td> 
   <td>在一字符串中查找另一字符串第一次出现的位置</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strcspn</td> 
   <td>wcscspn</td> 
   <td>_tcscspn</td> 
   <td>返回不包含第二个字符串的的初始数目</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strspn</td> 
   <td>wcsspn</td> 
   <td>_tcsspn</td> 
   <td>返回包含第二个字符串的初始数目</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strtok</td> 
   <td>wcstok</td> 
   <td>_tcstok</td> 
   <td>根据标示符把字符串分解成一系列字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>wcswidth</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>获得宽字符串的宽度</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>wcwidth</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>获得宽字符的宽度</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">字符串测试</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isascii</td> 
   <td>iswascii</td> 
   <td>_istascii</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否为ASCII 码字符, 也就是判断c 的范围是否在0 到127 之间</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isalnum</td> 
   <td>iswalnum</td> 
   <td>_istalnum</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否为数字或字母</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isalpha</td> 
   <td>iswalpha</td> 
   <td>_istalpha</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是字母</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>iscntrl</td> 
   <td>iswcntrl</td> 
   <td>_istcntrl</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是控制符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isdigit</td> 
   <td>iswdigit</td> 
   <td>_istdigit</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否为数字</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isgraph</td> 
   <td>iswgraph</td> 
   <td>_istgraph</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是可见字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>islower</td> 
   <td>iswlower</td> 
   <td>_istlower</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是小写字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isprint</td> 
   <td>iswprint</td> 
   <td>_istprint</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是可打印字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ispunct</td> 
   <td>iswpunct</td> 
   <td>_istpunct</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是标点符号</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isspace</td> 
   <td>iswspace</td> 
   <td>_istspace</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是空白符号</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isupper</td> 
   <td>iswupper</td> 
   <td>_istupper</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是大写字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isxdigit</td> 
   <td>iswxdigit</td> 
   <td>_istxdigit</td> 
   <td>测试字符是否是十六进制的数字</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">大小写转换</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tolower</td> 
   <td>towlower</td> 
   <td>_totlower</td> 
   <td>把字符转换为小写</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>toupper</td> 
   <td>towupper</td> 
   <td>_totupper</td> 
   <td>把字符转换为大写</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">字符比较</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strcoll</td> 
   <td>wcscoll</td> 
   <td>_tcscoll</td> 
   <td>比较字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">日期和时间转换</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strftime</td> 
   <td>wcsftime</td> 
   <td>_tcsftime</td> 
   <td>根据指定的字符串格式和locale设置格式化日期和时间</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strptime</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>根据指定格式把字符串转换为时间值， 是strftime的反过程</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">打印和扫描字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>printf</td> 
   <td>wprintf</td> 
   <td>_tprintf</td> 
   <td>使用vararg参量的格式化输出到标准输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fprintf</td> 
   <td>fwprintf</td> 
   <td>_ftprintf</td> 
   <td>使用vararg参量的格式化输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>scanf</td> 
   <td>wscanf</td> 
   <td>_tscanf</td> 
   <td>从标准输入的格式化读入</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fscanf</td> 
   <td>fwscanf</td> 
   <td>_ftscanf</td> 
   <td>格式化读入</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sprintf</td> 
   <td>swprintf</td> 
   <td>_stprintf</td> 
   <td>根据vararg参量表格式化成字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sscanf</td> 
   <td>swscanf</td> 
   <td>_stscanf</td> 
   <td>以字符串作格式化读入</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>vfprintf</td> 
   <td>vfwprintf</td> 
   <td>_vftprintf</td> 
   <td>使用stdarg参量表格式化输出到文件</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>vprintf</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>使用stdarg参量表格式化输出到标准输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>vsprintf</td> 
   <td>vswprintf</td> 
   <td>_vstprintf</td> 
   <td>格式化stdarg参量表并写到字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sprintf_s</td> 
   <td>swprintf_s</td> 
   <td>_stprintf_s</td> 
   <td>格式化字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">数字转换</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strtod</td> 
   <td>wcstod</td> 
   <td>_tcstod</td> 
   <td>把字符串的初始部分转换为双精度浮点数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strtol</td> 
   <td>wcstol</td> 
   <td>_tcstol</td> 
   <td>把字符串的初始部分转换为长整数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>strtoul</td> 
   <td>wcstoul</td> 
   <td>_tcstoul</td> 
   <td>把字符串的初始部分转换为无符号长整数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>_strtoi64</td> 
   <td>_wcstoi64</td> 
   <td>_tcstoi64</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="4">输入和输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fgetc</td> 
   <td>fgetwc</td> 
   <td>_fgettc</td> 
   <td>从流中读入一个字符并转换为宽字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fgets</td> 
   <td>fgetws</td> 
   <td>_fgetts</td> 
   <td>从流中读入一个字符串并转换为宽字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fputc</td> 
   <td>fputwc</td> 
   <td>_fputtc</td> 
   <td>把宽字符转换为多字节字符并且输出到标准输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fputs</td> 
   <td>fputws</td> 
   <td>_fputts</td> 
   <td>把宽字符串转换为多字节字符并且输出到标准输出串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>getc</td> 
   <td>getwc</td> 
   <td>_gettc</td> 
   <td>从标准输入中读取字符， 并且转换为宽字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>getchar</td> 
   <td>getwchar</td> 
   <td>_gettchar</td> 
   <td>从标准输入中读取字符</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>putc</td> 
   <td>putwc</td> 
   <td>_puttc</td> 
   <td>标准输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>putchar</td> 
   <td>putwchar</td> 
   <td>_puttchar</td> 
   <td>标准输出</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ungetc</td> 
   <td>ungetwc</td> 
   <td>_ungettc</td> 
   <td>把一个字符放回到输入流中</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>