【Java GUI编程】003-Swing学习笔记（一）：窗口、弹窗、标签、面板

r囧r小猫 2023-10-05 09:50 18阅读 0赞

# **目录** #

一、JFrame窗口

代码演示：

运行结果：

二、JDialog弹窗

代码演示：

运行结果：

三、Icon和ImageIcon标签

1、Lable

2、Icon

代码演示：

运行结果：

3、ImageIcon

代码演示：

运行结果：

文件位置图：

四、面板

1、普通面板JPanel

代码演示：

运行结果：

2、滚动面板JScrollPane

代码演示：

运行结果：

--------------------

# 一、JFrame窗口 #

### 代码演示： ###

package com.zibo.lession04;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestJFrame {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //创建窗口
            init();
        }
        //init 初始化
        public static void init(){
            //JFrame extends Frame
            JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("TestJFrame");
            jFrame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
            jFrame.setVisible(true);
            JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("这是JLabel");
            //水平居中
            jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
            jFrame.add(jLabel);
            Container container = jFrame.getContentPane();
            //设置背景颜色
            container.setBackground(Color.cyan);
            //关闭事件
            jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        }
    }

### 运行结果： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

# 二、JDialog弹窗 #

### 代码演示： ###

package com.zibo.lession04;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestDialog {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            init();
        }
        public static void init(){
            JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("TestDialog");
            JButton jButton = new JButton("显示dialog");
            jFrame.add(jButton);
            JDialog jDialog = new JDialog(jFrame, "这是弹窗的提示内容！");
            jDialog.setBounds(400,400,200,200);
            JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("jDialog里面的jLabel");
            jDialog.add(jLabel);
            jButton.addActionListener(e -> {
                jDialog.setVisible(true);
            } );
            jFrame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
            jFrame.setVisible(true);
            jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        }
    }

### 运行结果： ###

![20200909162523624.gif][]

# 三、Icon和ImageIcon标签 #

## 1、Lable ##

new Lable("XXX");

## 2、Icon ##

### 代码演示： ###

package com.zibo.lession04;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestIcon extends JFrame implements Icon {
    
        private int width;
        private int height;
    
        public TestIcon() {}
    
        public TestIcon(int width, int height) throws HeadlessException {
            this.width = width;
            this.height = height;
        }
    
        public void init(){
            TestIcon icon = new TestIcon(width, height);
            //图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上
            JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("标签",icon,SwingConstants.CENTER);
            Container container = getContentPane();
            container.add(jLabel);
            setBounds(300,300,500,500);
            setVisible(true);
            setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new TestIcon(20,20).init();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
            g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getIconWidth() {
            return width;
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getIconHeight() {
            return height;
        }
    }

### 运行结果： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 3、ImageIcon ##

### 代码演示： ###

package com.zibo.lession04;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.net.URL;
    
    public class TestImageIcon extends JFrame {
        public TestImageIcon() throws HeadlessException {
            //获取图片地址
            JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
            URL url = TestImageIcon.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
            ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
            label.setIcon(imageIcon);
            label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
    
            Container container = getContentPane();
            container.add(label);
    
            setBounds(300,300,800,800);
            setVisible(true);
            setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new TestImageIcon();
        }
    }

### 运行结果： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

### 文件位置图： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

# 四、面板 #

## 1、普通面板JPanel ##

### 代码演示： ###

package com.zibo.Lession05;
    
    import com.zibo.lession01.TestPanel;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestJPanel extends JFrame {
        public TestJPanel(){
            Container container = getContentPane();
            container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//行列间距
            JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
            JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 3));
            JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 3));
            jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
            jPanel1.add(new JButton("2"));
            jPanel1.add(new JButton("3"));
            jPanel2.add(new JButton("1"));
            jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
            jPanel2.add(new JButton("3"));
            jPanel3.add(new JButton("1"));
            jPanel3.add(new JButton("2"));
            jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
            container.add(jPanel1);
            container.add(jPanel2);
            container.add(jPanel3);
    
            setVisible(true);
            setBounds(300,300,500,500);
            setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new TestJPanel();
        }
    }

### 运行结果： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

## 2、滚动面板JScrollPane ##

### 代码演示： ###

package com.zibo.Lession05;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    //带滚动条的面板
    public class TestJScrollPane extends JFrame {
        public TestJScrollPane() {
            Container container = getContentPane();
            //文本域
            JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
            jTextArea.setText("TestJScrollPane");
            //面板
            JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
            container.add(jScrollPane);
    
            setVisible(true);
            setBounds(300,300,300,350);
            setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new TestJScrollPane();
        }
    }

### 运行结果： ###

![20200910215628976.gif][]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200909143748274.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200909162523624.gif]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200909162523624.gif
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200910175048712.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200910180151211.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020091018051623.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200910181527709.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzI5Njg5MzQz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200910215628976.gif]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200910215628976.gif