Ansible Playbook企业案例：利用 playbook 安装 nginx、安装和卸载 httpd、安装mysql

- 日理万妓 2023-10-03 12:47 41阅读 0赞

##### playbook 命令 #####

格式

ansible-playbook <filename.yml> ... [options]

常见选项

-C --check          #只检测可能会发生的改变，但不真正执行操作
    --list-hosts        #列出运行任务的主机
    --list-tags         #列出tag
    --list-tasks        #列出task
    --limit 主机列表      #只针对主机列表中的主机执行
    -v -vv  -vvv        #显示过程

范例

ansible-playbook  file.yml  --check #只检测
    ansible-playbook  file.yml  
    ansible-playbook  file.yml  --limit websrvs

##### Playbook 初步 #####

###### 利用 playbook 创建 mysql 用户 ######

范例：mysql\_user.yml

---
    - hosts: dbsrvs
      remote_user: root
    
      tasks:
        - {
        name: create group, group: name=mysql system=yes gid=306}
        - name: create user
          user: name=mysql shell=/sbin/nologin system=yes group=mysql uid=306 home=/data/mysql create_home=no

###### 利用 playbook 安装 nginx ######

范例：install\_nginx.yml

---
    # install nginx 
    - hosts: websrvs
      remote_user: root  
      tasks:
        - name: add group nginx
          user: name=nginx state=present
        - name: add user nginx
          user: name=nginx state=present group=nginx
        - name: Install Nginx
          yum: name=nginx state=present
        - name: web page
          copy: src=files/index.html dest=/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
        - name: Start Nginx
          service: name=nginx state=started enabled=yes

###### 利用 playbook 安装和卸载 httpd ######

范例：install\_httpd.yml

---
    #install httpd 
    - hosts: websrvs
      remote_user: root
      gather_facts: no
    
      tasks:
        - name: Install httpd
          yum: name=httpd state=present
        - name: Install configure file
          copy: src=files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/
        - name: web html
          copy: src=files/index.html  dest=/var/www/html/
        - name: start service
          service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
    
    ansible-playbook   install_httpd.yml --limit 10.0.0.8

范例：remove\_httpd.yml

#remove_httpd.yml
    ---
    - hosts: websrvs
      remote_user: root
    
      tasks:
        - name: remove httpd package
          yum: name=httpd state=absent
        - name: remove apache user 
          user: name=apache state=absent
        - name: remove config file
          file: name=/etc/httpd  state=absent
        - name: remove web html
          file: name=/var/www/html/index.html state=absent

###### 利用 playbook 安装mysql ######

**范例：安装mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12**

[root@ansible ~]#ls -l /data/ansible/files/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 403177622 Dec  4 13:05 /data/ansible/files/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    
    [root@ansible ~]#cat /data/ansible/files/my.cnf 
    [mysqld]
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    user=mysql
    symbolic-links=0
    datadir=/data/mysql
    innodb_file_per_table=1
    log-bin
    pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
    
    [client]
    port=3306
    socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    
    [mysqld_safe]
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    
    [root@ansible ~]#cat /data/ansible/files/secure_mysql.sh 
    #!/bin/bash
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation <<EOF
    
    y
    magedu
    magedu
    y
    y
    y
    y
    EOF
    
    [root@ansible ~]#tree /data/ansible/files/
    /data/ansible/files/
    ├── my.cnf
    ├── mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    └── secure_mysql.sh
    
    0 directories, 3 files
    
    [root@ansible ~]#cat /data/ansible/install_mysql.yml
    ---
    # install mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
    - hosts: dbsrvs
      remote_user: root
      gather_facts: no
    
      tasks:
        - name: install packages
          yum: name=libaio,perl-Data-Dumper,perl-Getopt-Long
        - name: create mysql group
          group: name=mysql gid=306 
        - name: create mysql user
          user: name=mysql uid=306 group=mysql shell=/sbin/nologin system=yes create_home=no home=/data/mysql
        - name: copy tar to remote host and file mode 
          unarchive: src=/data/ansible/files/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/ owner=root group=root 
        - name: create linkfile  /usr/local/mysql 
          file: src=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 dest=/usr/local/mysql state=link
        - name: data dir
          shell: chdir=/usr/local/mysql/  ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
          tags: data
        - name: config my.cnf
          copy: src=/data/ansible/files/my.cnf  dest=/etc/my.cnf 
        - name: service script
          shell: /bin/cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
        - name: enable service
          shell: /etc/init.d/mysqld start;chkconfig --add mysqld;chkconfig mysqld on  
          tags: service
        - name: PATH variable
          copy: content='PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' dest=/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
        - name: secure script
          script: /data/ansible/files/secure_mysql.sh
          tags: script

**范例：install\_mariadb.yml**

---
    #Installing MariaDB Binary Tarballs
    - hosts: dbsrvs
      remote_user: root
      gather_facts: no
    
      tasks:
        - name: create group
          group: name=mysql gid=27 system=yes
        - name: create user
          user: name=mysql uid=27 system=yes group=mysql shell=/sbin/nologin home=/data/mysql create_home=no
        - name: mkdir datadir
          file: path=/data/mysql owner=mysql group=mysql state=directory
        - name: unarchive package
          unarchive: src=/data/ansible/files/mariadb-10.2.27-linux-x86_64.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/ owner=root group=root
        - name: link
          file: src=/usr/local/mariadb-10.2.27-linux-x86_64 path=/usr/local/mysql state=link 
        - name: install database
          shell: chdir=/usr/local/mysql   ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
        - name: config file
          copy: src=/data/ansible/files/my.cnf  dest=/etc/ backup=yes
        - name: service script
          shell: /bin/cp  /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
        - name: start service
          service: name=mysqld state=started enabled=yes
        - name: PATH variable
          copy: content='PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' dest=/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

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