python+selenium下载文件——firefox

朱雀 2023-10-02 08:53 45阅读 0赞

修改Firefox的相关配置。

1、profile.set\_preference('browser.download.folderList',2)

设置成0代表桌面，1代表下载到浏览器默认下载路径；2代表保存到自定义目录.设置为2的时候，设置自定义路径的就要去掉。

2、profile.set\_preference('browser.download.dir','F:\\\\Users')

保存到指定目录F盘Users文件夹。可以任意文件夹，但是记得分隔符是两个反斜杠

3、profile.set\_preference('browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting',False)

不管是True还是False，都不显示开始，直接开始下载

4、profile.set\_preference('browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk','**application/octet-stream ,application/zip,application/kswps,application/pdf**')

不询问下载路径；后面的参数为要下载页面的Content-type的值

Content-type请参考网页：http://www.w3school.com.cn/media/media\_mimeref.asp

from selenium import webdriver
    import time
    
    fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
    fp.set_preference('browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting',False)
    fp.set_preference('browser.download.folderList',2)                        #设置Firefox的默认下载文件夹。0是桌面；1是“我的下载”；2是自定义。
    fp.set_preference('browser.download.dir','C:\\Users\\del\\Desktop\\1')    #设置自定义路径时，定义的路径
    fp.set_preference('browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk','application/zip')     #不询问下载路径；后面的参数为要下载页面的文件类型的值。
    
    time.sleep(10)
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)
    driver.implicitly_wait(20)
    driver.get("http://sahitest.com/demo/saveAs.htm")
    
    driver.find_element_by_link_text('testsaveas.zip').click()
    
    
    time.sleep(10)
    driver.quit()
    ============================================================

from selenium import webdriver
    import time
    
    fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
    fp.set_preference('browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting',False)
    fp.set_preference('browser.download.folderList',2)
    fp.set_preference('browser.download.dir','C:\\Users\\del\\Desktop\\1')
    fp.set_preference('browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk','application/octet-stream')
                                                                #exe文件
    
    time.sleep(10)
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)
    driver.implicitly_wait(20)
    driver.get("https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-381/")
    
    driver.find_element_by_link_text('Windows x86-64 executable installer').click()
    
    
    time.sleep(10)
    driver.quit()
    
    ==============================================

### 按照文件扩展名排列的 Mime 类型列表 ###

<table> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <th>扩展名</th> 
   <th>类型/子类型</th> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>&nbsp;</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>323</td> 
   <td>text/h323</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>acx</td> 
   <td>application/internet-property-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ai</td> 
   <td>application/postscript</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>aif</td> 
   <td>audio/x-aiff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>aifc</td> 
   <td>audio/x-aiff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>aiff</td> 
   <td>audio/x-aiff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>asf</td> 
   <td>video/x-ms-asf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>asr</td> 
   <td>video/x-ms-asf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>asx</td> 
   <td>video/x-ms-asf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>au</td> 
   <td>audio/basic</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>avi</td> 
   <td>video/x-msvideo</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>axs</td> 
   <td>application/olescript</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>bas</td> 
   <td>text/plain</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>bcpio</td> 
   <td>application/x-bcpio</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>bin</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>bmp</td> 
   <td>image/bmp</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>c</td> 
   <td>text/plain</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>cat</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-pkiseccat</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>cdf</td> 
   <td>application/x-cdf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>cer</td> 
   <td>application/x-x509-ca-cert</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>class</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>clp</td> 
   <td>application/x-msclip</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>cmx</td> 
   <td>image/x-cmx</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>cod</td> 
   <td>image/cis-cod</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>cpio</td> 
   <td>application/x-cpio</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>crd</td> 
   <td>application/x-mscardfile</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>crl</td> 
   <td>application/pkix-crl</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>crt</td> 
   <td>application/x-x509-ca-cert</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>csh</td> 
   <td>application/x-csh</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>css</td> 
   <td>text/css</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dcr</td> 
   <td>application/x-director</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>der</td> 
   <td>application/x-x509-ca-cert</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dir</td> 
   <td>application/x-director</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dll</td> 
   <td>application/x-msdownload</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dms</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>doc</td> 
   <td>application/msword</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dot</td> 
   <td>application/msword</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dvi</td> 
   <td>application/x-dvi</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>dxr</td> 
   <td>application/x-director</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>eps</td> 
   <td>application/postscript</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>etx</td> 
   <td>text/x-setext</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>evy</td> 
   <td>application/envoy</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>exe</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>fif</td> 
   <td>application/fractals</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>flr</td> 
   <td>x-world/x-vrml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>gif</td> 
   <td>image/gif</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>gtar</td> 
   <td>application/x-gtar</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>gz</td> 
   <td>application/x-gzip</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>h</td> 
   <td>text/plain</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>hdf</td> 
   <td>application/x-hdf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>hlp</td> 
   <td>application/winhlp</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>hqx</td> 
   <td>application/mac-binhex40</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>hta</td> 
   <td>application/hta</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>htc</td> 
   <td>text/x-component</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>htm</td> 
   <td>text/html</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>html</td> 
   <td>text/html</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>htt</td> 
   <td>text/webviewhtml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ico</td> 
   <td>image/x-icon</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ief</td> 
   <td>image/ief</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>iii</td> 
   <td>application/x-iphone</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ins</td> 
   <td>application/x-internet-signup</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>isp</td> 
   <td>application/x-internet-signup</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>jfif</td> 
   <td>image/pipeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>jpe</td> 
   <td>image/jpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>jpeg</td> 
   <td>image/jpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>jpg</td> 
   <td>image/jpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>js</td> 
   <td>application/x-javascript</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>latex</td> 
   <td>application/x-latex</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>lha</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>lsf</td> 
   <td>video/x-la-asf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>lsx</td> 
   <td>video/x-la-asf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>lzh</td> 
   <td>application/octet-stream</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>m13</td> 
   <td>application/x-msmediaview</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>m14</td> 
   <td>application/x-msmediaview</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>m3u</td> 
   <td>audio/x-mpegurl</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>man</td> 
   <td>application/x-troff-man</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mdb</td> 
   <td>application/x-msaccess</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>me</td> 
   <td>application/x-troff-me</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mht</td> 
   <td>message/rfc822</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mhtml</td> 
   <td>message/rfc822</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mid</td> 
   <td>audio/mid</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mny</td> 
   <td>application/x-msmoney</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mov</td> 
   <td>video/quicktime</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>movie</td> 
   <td>video/x-sgi-movie</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mp2</td> 
   <td>video/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mp3</td> 
   <td>audio/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mpa</td> 
   <td>video/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mpe</td> 
   <td>video/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mpeg</td> 
   <td>video/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mpg</td> 
   <td>video/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mpp</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-project</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mpv2</td> 
   <td>video/mpeg</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ms</td> 
   <td>application/x-troff-ms</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>mvb</td> 
   <td>application/x-msmediaview</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>nws</td> 
   <td>message/rfc822</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>oda</td> 
   <td>application/oda</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p10</td> 
   <td>application/pkcs10</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p12</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs12</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p7b</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs7-certificates</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p7c</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs7-mime</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p7m</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs7-mime</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p7r</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>p7s</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs7-signature</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pbm</td> 
   <td>image/x-portable-bitmap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pdf</td> 
   <td>application/pdf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pfx</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs12</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pgm</td> 
   <td>image/x-portable-graymap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pko</td> 
   <td>application/ynd.ms-pkipko</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pma</td> 
   <td>application/x-perfmon</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pmc</td> 
   <td>application/x-perfmon</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pml</td> 
   <td>application/x-perfmon</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pmr</td> 
   <td>application/x-perfmon</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pmw</td> 
   <td>application/x-perfmon</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pnm</td> 
   <td>image/x-portable-anymap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pot,</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-powerpoint</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ppm</td> 
   <td>image/x-portable-pixmap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pps</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-powerpoint</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ppt</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-powerpoint</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>prf</td> 
   <td>application/pics-rules</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ps</td> 
   <td>application/postscript</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pub</td> 
   <td>application/x-mspublisher</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>qt</td> 
   <td>video/quicktime</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ra</td> 
   <td>audio/x-pn-realaudio</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ram</td> 
   <td>audio/x-pn-realaudio</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ras</td> 
   <td>image/x-cmu-raster</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>rgb</td> 
   <td>image/x-rgb</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>rmi</td> 
   <td>audio/mid</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>roff</td> 
   <td>application/x-troff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>rtf</td> 
   <td>application/rtf</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>rtx</td> 
   <td>text/richtext</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>scd</td> 
   <td>application/x-msschedule</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sct</td> 
   <td>text/scriptlet</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>setpay</td> 
   <td>application/set-payment-initiation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>setreg</td> 
   <td>application/set-registration-initiation</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sh</td> 
   <td>application/x-sh</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>shar</td> 
   <td>application/x-shar</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sit</td> 
   <td>application/x-stuffit</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>snd</td> 
   <td>audio/basic</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>spc</td> 
   <td>application/x-pkcs7-certificates</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>spl</td> 
   <td>application/futuresplash</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>src</td> 
   <td>application/x-wais-source</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sst</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-pkicertstore</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>stl</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-pkistl</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>stm</td> 
   <td>text/html</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>svg</td> 
   <td>image/svg+xml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sv4cpio</td> 
   <td>application/x-sv4cpio</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>sv4crc</td> 
   <td>application/x-sv4crc</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>swf</td> 
   <td>application/x-shockwave-flash</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>t</td> 
   <td>application/x-troff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tar</td> 
   <td>application/x-tar</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tcl</td> 
   <td>application/x-tcl</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tex</td> 
   <td>application/x-tex</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>texi</td> 
   <td>application/x-texinfo</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>texinfo</td> 
   <td>application/x-texinfo</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tgz</td> 
   <td>application/x-compressed</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tif</td> 
   <td>image/tiff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tiff</td> 
   <td>image/tiff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tr</td> 
   <td>application/x-troff</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>trm</td> 
   <td>application/x-msterminal</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>tsv</td> 
   <td>text/tab-separated-values</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>txt</td> 
   <td>text/plain</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>uls</td> 
   <td>text/iuls</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>ustar</td> 
   <td>application/x-ustar</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>vcf</td> 
   <td>text/x-vcard</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>vrml</td> 
   <td>x-world/x-vrml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wav</td> 
   <td>audio/x-wav</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wcm</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-works</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wdb</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-works</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wks</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-works</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wmf</td> 
   <td>application/x-msmetafile</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wps</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-works</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wri</td> 
   <td>application/x-mswrite</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wrl</td> 
   <td>x-world/x-vrml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>wrz</td> 
   <td>x-world/x-vrml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xaf</td> 
   <td>x-world/x-vrml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xbm</td> 
   <td>image/x-xbitmap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xla</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xlc</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xlm</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xls</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xlt</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xlw</td> 
   <td>application/vnd.ms-excel</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xof</td> 
   <td>x-world/x-vrml</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xpm</td> 
   <td>image/x-xpixmap</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>xwd</td> 
   <td>image/x-xwindowdump</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>z</td> 
   <td>application/x-compress</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>zip</td> 
   <td>application/zip</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

=====================================================================================================

from selenium import webdriver
    import os
    import time
    
    fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
    fp.set_preference("browser.download.folderList", 1)           #0桌面，1默认下载路径，2自定义路径。设置0和1的时候，第三个设置自定义路径的就要去掉
    fp.set_preference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", False)   #设置不弹出下载窗口
    #fp.set_preference("browser.download.dir",os.getcwd())  # 指定所下载文件的目录。os.getcwd()函数不需要传递参数，用于返回当前的目录
                                                             #我的 C:\Users\del\PycharmProjects\untitled\ff
    fp.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk","application/zip")  #设置下载的文件格式
    time.sleep(10)
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)
    driver.implicitly_wait(20)
    driver.get("http://sahitest.com/demo/saveAs.htm")
    
    driver.find_element_by_link_text('testsaveas.zip').click()
    
    
    time.sleep(50)
    driver.quit()