MAVEN工具安装和使用

朱雀 2023-10-01 19:51 10阅读 0赞

# 一、需要准备的东西 #

1.  JDK
2.  Idea
3.  Maven程序包

# 二、maven下载和安装 #

## 1.前往https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi下载最新版的Maven程序： ##

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## 2.解压文件后准备配置环境变量 ##

注：我的电脑-属性-高级系统设置-环境变量-编辑系统变量

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3.在环境变量path中追加%MAVEN\_HOME%\\bin

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## 4：配置完成，检验配置是否成功，mvn -v ##

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# 三：配置maven仓库 #

apache-maven-3.6.0\\conf\\settiong.xml文件主要是设置maven使用中的一些设置；

## 1：配置远程仓库 ##

默认的远程仓库地址是国外的镜像，下载jar包的话比较慢，可以使用国内镜像提高下载效率。或者使用私服，可参考[https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_41694906/article/details/104337416][https_blog.csdn.net_qq_41694906_article_details_104337416]

<mirror>
    	    <id>alimaven</id>
    	    <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    	    <name>aliyun maven</name>
    	    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/repositories/central/</url>
    	</mirror>
    	<mirror>
    	    <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
    	    <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    	    <name>Nexus aliyun</name>
    	    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
    	</mirror>
    	<mirror>
    	    <id>central</id>
    	    <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
    	    <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/</url>
    	    <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    	</mirror>

## 2：配置jar存放本地库 ##

localRepository节点用于配置本地仓库，本地仓库其实起到了一个缓存的作用，它的默认地址是 C:\\Users\\用户名.m2。

当我们从maven中获取jar包的时候，maven首先会在本地仓库中查找，如果本地仓库有则返回；如果没有则从远程仓库中获取包，并在本地库中保存。

此外，我们在maven项目中运行mvn install，项目将会自动打包并安装到本地仓库中。

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## 3：全量的setting配置项意思详解 ##

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
       <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
        
        <localRepository>usr/local/maven</localRepository> 
    　　　
        <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
        
        <usePluginRegistry>false</usePluginRegistry>
        
       <offline>false</offline>
       
       <pluginGroups>
           
       　　<pluginGroup>org.codehaus.mojo</pluginGroup>
       </pluginGroups>
       
       <proxies>
        <proxy>
         
         <id>myproxy</id>
         
         <active>true</active>
         
         <protocol>http</protocol>
         
         <host>proxy.somewhere.com</host>
         
         <port>8080</port>
         
         <username>proxyuser</username>
         
         <password>somepassword</password>
         
         <nonProxyHosts>*.google.com|ibiblio.org</nonProxyHosts>
        </proxy>
       </proxies>
       
       <servers>
        <server>
         
         <id>server001</id>
         
         <username>my_login</username>
         
         <password>my_password</password>
         
         <privateKey>${usr.home}/.ssh/id_dsa</privateKey>
         
         <passphrase>some_passphrase</passphrase>
         
         <filePermissions>664</filePermissions>
         
         <directoryPermissions>775</directoryPermissions>
        </server>
       </servers>
       
       <mirrors>
        <mirror>
         
         <id>planetmirror.com</id>
         
         <name>PlanetMirror Australia</name>
         
         <url>http://downloads.planetmirror.com/pub/maven2</url>
         
         <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        </mirror>
       </mirrors>
       
       <profiles>
        <profile>
         
         <id>test</id>
         
         <activation>
          
          <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
          
          <jdk>1.5</jdk>
          
          <os>
           
           <name>Windows 7</name>
           
           <family>Windows</family>
           
           <arch>x64</arch>
           
           <version>5.1.2600</version>
          </os>
          
          <![CDATA[比如根据下面的配置，当存在<mavenVersion>2.0.3</mavenVersion>节点时将激活此profile]]>
          <property>
           
           <name>mavenVersion</name>
           
           <value>2.0.3</value>
          </property>
         
         <file>
          
          <exists>${basedir}/file2.properties</exists>
          
          <missing>${basedir}/file1.properties</missing>
         </file>
        </activation>
        
        
        <properties>
          <user.install>${user.home}/our-project</user.install>
        </properties>
     
        <repositories>
         
         <repository>
          
          <id>codehausSnapshots</id>
          
          <name>Codehaus Snapshots</name>
          
          <releases>
           
           <enabled>false</enabled>
           
           <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
           
           <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
          </releases>
          
          <snapshots>
           <enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
          </snapshots>
          
          <url>http://snapshots.maven.codehaus.org/maven2</url>
          
          <layout>default</layout>
         </repository>
        </repositories>
        
        <pluginRepositories>
         
          <pluginRepository>           
              <releases>      
               <enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
              </releases>
              <snapshots>
               <enabled/><updatePolicy/><checksumPolicy/>
              </snapshots>
              <id/><name/><url/><layout/>
          </pluginRepository>
        </pluginRepositories>
       </profile>
      </profiles>
      
        <activeProfiles>
         <activeProfile>env-test</activeProfile>
        </activeProfiles>
     </settings>

# 四：idea使用maven #

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[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/ed8bf4cf8c514aa78fa97de457eb8d41.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e4d769fc706b4253b1c4a7af1e29e083.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/6ae576fa791640008a311ba1887710cc.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c31b03659a6445fabb653eabc32f4aa1.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[https_blog.csdn.net_qq_41694906_article_details_104337416]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41694906/article/details/104337416
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4b91656e140a4f62894ecfe08981149b.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/73683c4579524afe8dfd34872aa54480.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6IuN54Wc,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16