shell stty命令

Bertha 。 2023-10-01 05:29 8阅读 0赞

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td>UNIX系统的命令很多，但是巧妙使用命令的方法更多。随着经验的积累和观察学习其他用户的实践，我们也可学会解决特殊问题的方法。这里谈谈自己使用UNIX系统中stty命令的一些体会，希望能与你共享。 1．stty(set tty，设置tty)命令用于检查和修改当前注册的终端的通信参数。UNIX系统为键盘的输入和终端的输出提供了重要的控制手段，可以通过stty命令对特定终端或通信线路设置选项。 可以在stty命令中使用-a查看当前注册终端的设置情况。 $ stty -a Speed 9600 baud; line =0;intr= DEL;quit = ^;erase = ^h;kill =^U; eof = ^d;start=^q;stop=^s -parenb -parodd cs8 -cstopb -hupcl cread -clocal -loblk -ignbrk brkint ignpar -parmrk -inpck istrip -inlcr -igncr icrnl -iuclc ixon ixany -ixoff isig icanon -xcase echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh opost -olcuc onlcr -ocrnl -onocr onlret ofill ofdel tab3 需要时，这里显示的各种选择都可以重新配置。每种终端选项都有自己的名字（如ixon），其中大多数要么被设置要么被清除。在stty中相应选项前冠以负号（-），该选项被清除（禁止）；如果无负号，该选项被设置。 当希望修改各选择的值时，应在stty命令中正确书写相应选项。如命令 $ stty -ixon 将流控制设置为OFF，而命令 $ stty ixon 则将其置为ON。 在stty命令中可以同时设置多个选项： $ stty ixon 1200 该命令将终端设置为1200波特，并将流控制置为ON。 当选项的列表较长时，应当小心所做的修改造成会话的混乱。典型的情况下，终端在设置不正确时完全不能工作。经常出现的现象是列输出显示或用户的击键不能被shell正确接受。有时NEWLINE可能只显示或走一行但不回行，即用户输入的NEWLINE符不能被shell正确读取。建立新注册标识的过程通常建立了正确的stty选项，在日常使用中很少需要修改。但如果变量TERM的设置不正确或用户希望使用新的终端或通信渠道（如局域网），则需要修改stty的选项。 如果你在某个机器中注册后终端操作正常，但后来因故发生了混乱，那么最佳的解决方法是先注销然后再向系统注册。因为注册时系统会重新设置相应选项。还有一种不太严格的解决办法是： $ stty sane 命令sane最常出现在大多数终端的stty选项的集合中。它并不改变通信信道的速率，但当终端发生混乱时，通常能够产生有益的效果。命令sane可能使全屏幕应用程序(如vi)不能正确工作，而且在设置了选项sane之后，如果不能解决任何问题，就应立即注销，然后再注册。如果终端在注册后依然不能正确工作，用户的注册可能是不成功的。如果终端已经混乱，NEWLINE键不能结束命令行，可以用CTRL-J代替NEWLINE直到用户执行stty sane。此时，再用CTRL-J终止stty sane，使系统恢复正常。 stty命令的几项主要选项功能为： 选项parenb使终端进行奇偶校验，-parenb则是禁止校验； 选项cs5、cs6、cs7和cs8分别将字符大小设为5、6、7和8比特； 选项300、600、1200、2400、4800、9600和19200设置波特率； cstopb和-cstopb分别设置两个或一个停止位； tabs使系统使用制表符而不是空格序列，因此减少了输出量，选项-tabs仅使用空格，当终端不能正确处理制表符（tab）时应使用该项。 2． stty还可用于控制一些具有特殊控制功能的键。系统可能已经使用CTRL-D作为文件结束符，但你可能喜欢使用CTRL-C。因此可以使用stty命令改变之： $ stty eof c 其中c可以是你喜欢的其它特殊控制字符。 可以直接输入控制字符，在其前面冠以反斜线和脱字符（ ^）。命令 $ stty eof ^c 将CTRL-C设置为文件结束符。 这种语法形式还可以用于修改删除符（通常为退格键BackSpace）和中断符（通常为DEL键）。若希望将删除符改为BACKSPACE，可以使用下列命令： $ stty erase ^h 可以设置一个会话期，使得当自己键入一个退格键时，系统用退格、删除和退格序列响应。此时可以看到用退格键覆盖的字符从显示中消失了，这样更符合计算机的惯例。使用命令 $ stty echoe 可使这一特性设置为ON。 终端方式及其管理是UNIX系统中比较困难的内容之一，系统的用户手册中有stty选项的全部清单。在进行尝试之前，应当查阅手册，仔细分析，以免给你的工作带来麻烦。 stty --help 帮助信息： &nbsp;&nbsp;or:&nbsp;&nbsp;stty [-F DEVICE] [--file=DEVICE] [-a|--all] &nbsp;&nbsp;or:&nbsp;&nbsp;stty [-F DEVICE] [--file=DEVICE] [-g|--save] Print or change terminal characteristics. &nbsp;&nbsp;-a, --all&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; print all current settings in human-readable form &nbsp;&nbsp;-g, --save&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;print all current settings in a stty-readable form &nbsp;&nbsp;-F, --file=DEVICE&nbsp;&nbsp;open and use the specified DEVICE instead of stdin &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;--help&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;?????????? &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;--version&nbsp;&nbsp;????????? Optional - before SETTING indicates negation.&nbsp;&nbsp;An * marks non-POSIX settings.&nbsp;&nbsp;The underlying system defines which settings are available. Special characters: * dsusp CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR will send a terminal stop signal once input flushed &nbsp; &nbsp;eof CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR will send an end of file (terminate the input) &nbsp; &nbsp;eol CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR will end the line * eol2 CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;alternate CHAR for ending the line &nbsp; &nbsp;erase CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR will erase the last character typed &nbsp; &nbsp;intr CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR will send an interrupt signal &nbsp; &nbsp;kill CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR will erase the current line * lnext CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR will enter the next character quoted &nbsp; &nbsp;quit CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR will send a quit signal * rprnt CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR will redraw the current line &nbsp; &nbsp;start CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR will restart the output after stopping it &nbsp; &nbsp;stop CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR will stop the output &nbsp; &nbsp;susp CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR will send a terminal stop signal * swtch CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR will switch to a different shell layer * werase CHAR&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR will erase the last word typed Special settings: &nbsp;&nbsp;N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; set the input and output speeds to N bauds * cols N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tell the kernel that the terminal has N columns * columns N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as cols N &nbsp; &nbsp;ispeed N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;set the input speed to N * line N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;use line discipline N &nbsp; &nbsp;min N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;with -icanon, set N characters minimum for a completed read &nbsp; &nbsp;ospeed N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;set the output speed to N * rows N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tell the kernel that the terminal has N rows * size&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; print the number of rows and columns according to the kernel &nbsp; &nbsp;speed&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;print the terminal speed &nbsp; &nbsp;time N&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;with -icanon, set read timeout of N tenths of a second Control settings: &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]clocal&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;disable modem control signals &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]cread&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;allow input to be received * [-]crtscts&nbsp; &nbsp; enable RTS/CTS handshaking &nbsp; &nbsp;csN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;set character size to N bits, N in [5..8] &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]cstopb&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;use two stop bits per character (one with `-') &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]hup&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;send a hangup signal when the last process closes the tty &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]hupcl&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as [-]hup &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]parenb&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;generate parity bit in output and expect parity bit in input &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]parodd&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;set odd parity (even with `-') Input settings: &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]brkint&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;breaks cause an interrupt signal &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]icrnl&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;translate carriage return to newline &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]ignbrk&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ignore break characters &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]igncr&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;ignore carriage return &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]ignpar&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ignore characters with parity errors * [-]imaxbel&nbsp; &nbsp; beep and do not flush a full input buffer on a character &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]inlcr&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;translate newline to carriage return &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]inpck&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;enable input parity checking &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]istrip&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;clear high (8th) bit of input characters * [-]iutf8&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;assume input characters are UTF-8 encoded * [-]iuclc&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;translate uppercase characters to lowercase * [-]ixany&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;let any character restart output, not only start character &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]ixoff&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;enable sending of start/stop characters &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]ixon&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; enable XON/XOFF flow control &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]parmrk&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mark parity errors (with a 255-0-character sequence) &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]tandem&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as [-]ixoff Output settings: * bsN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;backspace delay style, N in [0..1] * crN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;carriage return delay style, N in [0..3] * ffN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;form feed delay style, N in [0..1] * nlN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;newline delay style, N in [0..1] * [-]ocrnl&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;translate carriage return to newline * [-]ofdel&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;use delete characters for fill instead of null characters * [-]ofill&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;use fill (padding) characters instead of timing for delays * [-]olcuc&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;translate lowercase characters to uppercase * [-]onlcr&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;translate newline to carriage return-newline * [-]onlret&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;newline performs a carriage return * [-]onocr&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;do not print carriage returns in the first column &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]opost&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;postprocess output * tabN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; horizontal tab delay style, N in [0..3] * tabs&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as tab0 * -tabs&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as tab3 * vtN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vertical tab delay style, N in [0..1] Local settings: &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]crterase&nbsp; &nbsp;echo erase characters as backspace-space-backspace * crtkill&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; kill all line by obeying the echoprt and echoe settings * -crtkill&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;kill all line by obeying the echoctl and echok settings * [-]ctlecho&nbsp; &nbsp; echo control characters in hat notation (`^c') &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]echo&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; echo input characters * [-]echoctl&nbsp; &nbsp; same as [-]ctlecho &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]echoe&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as [-]crterase &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]echok&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;echo a newline after a kill character * [-]echoke&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as [-]crtkill &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]echonl&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo newline even if not echoing other characters * [-]echoprt&nbsp; &nbsp; echo erased characters backward, between `\' and '/' &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]icanon&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;enable erase, kill, werase, and rprnt special characters &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]iexten&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;enable non-POSIX special characters &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]isig&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; enable interrupt, quit, and suspend special characters &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]noflsh&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;disable flushing after interrupt and quit special characters * [-]prterase&nbsp; &nbsp;same as [-]echoprt * [-]tostop&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stop background jobs that try to write to the terminal * [-]xcase&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;with icanon, escape with `\' for uppercase characters Combination settings: * [-]LCASE&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as [-]lcase &nbsp; &nbsp;cbreak&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as -icanon &nbsp; &nbsp;-cbreak&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as icanon &nbsp; &nbsp;cooked&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as brkint ignpar istrip icrnl ixon opost isig &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;icanon, eof and eol characters to their default values &nbsp; &nbsp;-cooked&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as raw &nbsp; &nbsp;crt&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as echoe echoctl echoke &nbsp; &nbsp;dec&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as echoe echoctl echoke -ixany intr ^c erase 0177 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;kill ^u * [-]decctlq&nbsp; &nbsp; same as [-]ixany &nbsp; &nbsp;ek&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;erase and kill characters to their default values &nbsp; &nbsp;evenp&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as parenb -parodd cs7 &nbsp; &nbsp;-evenp&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as -parenb cs8 * [-]lcase&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as xcase iuclc olcuc &nbsp; &nbsp;litout&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as -parenb -istrip -opost cs8 &nbsp; &nbsp;-litout&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as parenb istrip opost cs7 &nbsp; &nbsp;nl&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as -icrnl -onlcr &nbsp; &nbsp;-nl&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as icrnl -inlcr -igncr onlcr -ocrnl -onlret &nbsp; &nbsp;oddp&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as parenb parodd cs7 &nbsp; &nbsp;-oddp&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as -parenb cs8 &nbsp; &nbsp;[-]parity&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as [-]evenp &nbsp; &nbsp;pass8&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;same as -parenb -istrip cs8 &nbsp; &nbsp;-pass8&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as parenb istrip cs7 &nbsp; &nbsp;raw&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;same as -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-inlcr -igncr -icrnl&nbsp;&nbsp;-ixon&nbsp;&nbsp;-ixoff&nbsp;&nbsp;-iuclc&nbsp;&nbsp;-ixany &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-imaxbel -opost -isig -icanon -xcase min 1 time 0 &nbsp; &nbsp;-raw&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as cooked &nbsp; &nbsp;sane&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; same as cread -ignbrk brkint -inlcr -igncr icrnl -iutf8 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-ixoff -iuclc -ixany imaxbel opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke, all special &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;characters to their default values. Handle the tty line connected to standard input.&nbsp;&nbsp;Without arguments, prints baud rate, line discipline, and deviations from stty sane.&nbsp;&nbsp;In settings, CHAR is taken literally, or coded as in ^c, 0x37, 0177 or 127; special values ^- or undef used to disable special characters. stty - 改变并打印终端行设置 　&nbsp; &nbsp;帮助信息的中文译文 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;用法 　　stty [-F device] [--file=device] [SETTING]... 　　stty [-F device] [--file=device] [-a|--all] 　　stty [-F device] [--file=device] [-g|--save] 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;描述 　　打印或改变终端属性. 　　-a, --all 　　以可读的格式打印当前的所有设置 　　-g, --save 　　以终端可读的格式打印当前的所有设置 　　-F, --file 　　打开指定的设备,并用此设备作为输入来代替标准输入 　　--help 　　显示帮助并退出 　　--version 　　显示版本信息并退出 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;可选项 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;SETTING之前的负号'-'表示否定，星号*表明是非POSIX设置. 以下是一些系统定义了的可用设置： 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;特殊字符 　　* dsusp CHAR &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR表示输入满时，发一个停止信号给终端 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;eof CHAR 　　CHAR表示一个文件结束 (结束输入) 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;eol CHAR 　　CHAR表示当前行结束 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;* eol2 CHAR &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR是另一个表示结束当前行的字符 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;erase CHAR 　　CHAR表示擦除最后一个输入字符 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; intr CHAR 　　CHAR表示发一个中断信号 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; kill CHAR 　　 CHAR表示擦除当前行 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; * lnext CHAR &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; CHAR表示输入下一个字符 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; quit CHAR 　　 CHAR表示发出一个退出信号 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* rprnt CHAR &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR表示刷新当前行 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;start CHAR 　　&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR表示在停止输出后重新开始输出 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;stop CHAR 　　&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR表示停止输出 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;susp CHAR 　　&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR表示发送一个终端停止信号 　　&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;* swtch CHAR &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHAR表示切换到不同的外壳层 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;* werase CHAR &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;CHAR表示擦除已经输入的最后一个单词 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;特殊设置 　　 N 　　 把输入和输出的波特率设为N 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* cols N &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;通知内核终端有N列 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* columns N &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;与cols N 相同 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ispeed N 　　 设置输入速度为N 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;* line N &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;用行约束规则N 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;min N 　　&nbsp;&nbsp;和-icanon一起用, 设置一次完整的读操作最小为N个字符 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;time N 　　 和-icanon一起用, 设置读超时为十分之N秒 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ospeed N 　　 设置输出速度为N 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; * rows N &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 通知内核终端有N行 　　* size &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;根据内核打印出终端的行数和列数 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; speed 　　 打印出终端的速度 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 控制设置 　　[-]clocal 　　关闭解调器的控制信号 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;[-]cread 　　允许接收输入 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;* [-]crtscts &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;允许 RTS/CTS 的握手 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;csN 　　把字符长度设为N, N 为[5..8] 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;[-]cstopb 　　对每字符使用两个停止位 (一个带有 `-') 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;[-]hup 　　当最后一个进程关闭终端后，发一个挂起信号 　　 　　[-]hupcl 　　同 [-]hup 　　[-]parenb 　　在输出中产生奇偶校验位，并要求在输入中也有奇偶校验位 　　[-]parodd 　　设置奇校验 (偶校验用 `-') 　　输入设置: 　　[-]brkint 　　暂停并产生中断信号 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;[-]icrnl 　　将回车解释为换行 　　 &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;[-]ignbrk 　　忽略中断信号 　　[-]igncr 　　忽略回车符 　　[-]ignpar 　　忽略有奇偶校验错的字符 　　* [-]imaxbel &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;对一个字符产生嘟叫，但不刷新已满的输入缓冲区 　　[-]inlcr 　　将换行解释为回车 　　[-]inpck 　　打开输入奇偶校验 　　[-]istrip 　　清除输入字符的高位（第8位） 　　* [-]iuclc &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;将大写字符转换成小写字符 　　* [-]ixany &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;使任何字符都重新开始输出（而 不仅仅是重新输出字符能实现此功能） 　　[-]ixoff 　　打开发送开始/停止字符的开关 　　[-]ixon 　　打开XON/XOFF的流量控制 　　[-]parmrk 　　标记奇偶校验错误 (使用255-0-character 字符序列) 　　[-]tandem 　　同 [-]ixoff 　　输出设置: 　　* bsN&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 回退延迟, N 为 [0..1] 　　* crN 回车延迟, N 为 [0..3] 　　* ffN 换页延迟, N 为 [0..1] 　　* nlN 换行延迟, N 为 [0..1] 　　* [-]ocrnl 将回车解释为换行 　　* [-]ofdel 使用删除字符来填充，而不是用空字符填充 　　* [-]ofill 使用填充字符，不使用定时延迟 　　* [-]olcuc 将小写字符转换成大写 　　* [-]onlcr 将换行解释为回车-换行 　　* [-]onlret 换行执行一次回车 　　* [-]onocr 不在第一列打印回车 　　[-]opost　　postprocess 输出 　　* tabN 水平tab键延迟, N 为 [0..3] 　　* tabs 同tab0 　　* -tabs 同tab3 　　* vtN 垂直方向tab键延迟。。。, N 为 [0..1] 　　本地设置: 　　[-]crterase 　　将擦除字符显示为：退格-空格-退格 　　* crtkill 根据echoprt和echoe的设置去除所有行 　　* -crtkill 根据echoctl和echok设置去除所有行 　　* [-]ctlecho 在头部符号中显示控制字符'^c') 　　[-]echo 　　显示输入字符 　　* [-]echoctl 同 [-]ctlecho 　　[-]echoe 　　同[-]crterase 　　[-]echok 　　在一个杀死字符后显示一个换行 　　* [-]echoke 同 [-]crtkill 　　[-]echonl 　　即使不显示其它字符也换行 　　* [-]echoprt 向后显示在 '' 和 '/'之间的擦除字符 　　[-]icanon 　　打开 erase, kill, werase, 和 rprnt 这些特殊字符 　　[-]iexten 　　打开 非POSIX 特殊字符 　　[-]isig 　　打开中断，退出和挂起这些特殊字符 　　[-]noflsh 　　在中断和退出这些特殊字符后禁止刷新 　　* [-]prterase 同 [-]echoprt 　　* [-]tostop 停止试图写终端的后台作业 　　* [-]xcase 与icanon同时使用, 表示用`'退出大写状态 　　综合设置: 　　* [-]LCASE &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;同 [-]lcase 　　cbreak 　　同 -icanon 　　-cbreak 　　同 icanon 　　cooked 　　同 brkint ignpar istrip icrnl ixon opost isig icanon, eof 和 eol 字符被设为默认值 　　-cooked 　　同 raw 　　crt 　　同 echoe echoctl echoke 　　dec 　　同 echoe echoctl echoke -ixany intr ^c erase 0177 kill ^u 　　* [-]decctlq &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;同 [-]ixany 　　ek 　　将擦除，杀死字符设为它们的默认值 　　evenp 　　同 parenb -parodd cs7 　　-evenp 　　同 -parenb cs8 　　* [-]lcase 同 xcase iuclc olcuc 　　litout 　　同 fB-parenb -istrip -opost cs8 　　-litout 　　同 parenb istrip opost cs7 　　nl 　　同 -icrnl -onlcr 　　-nl 　　同 icrnl -inlcr -igncr onlcr -ocrnl -onlret 　　oddp 　　同 parenb parodd cs7 　　-oddp 　　同 -parenb cs8 　　[-]parity 　　同 [-]evenp 　　pass8 　　同 -parenb -istrip cs8 　　-pass8 　　同 parenb istrip cs7 　　raw 　　同 -ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr -igncr -icrnl -ixon -ixoff -iuc lc -ixany -imaxbel -opost - isig -icanon -xcase min 1 ti me 0 　　-raw 　　同 cooked 　　sane 　　同 cread -ignbrk brkint -inlcr -igncr icrnl -ixoff -iuclc -ixany imaxbel opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff 0 isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke, 所有特殊字符 使用缺省值. 　　本命令（stty）处理连接到标准输入的终端行.如不带参数,则输出波特率, 行的约束规则,以及与健全 的stty相背离的设置.在设置中, CHAR 是逐字读取的, 或是象 ^c, 0x37, 0177 或127这样的 编码; 特殊值 ^- 或未定义被用来禁止特殊字符.</td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>