微服务架构与springcloud02——父工程构建及支付模块实现

红太狼 2023-09-30 07:27 15阅读 0赞

##### 2.项目搭建 #####

###### 2.1 父工程模块的构建 ######

我们会通过一个支付模块来把微服务的各个新老技术全部串联一遍。

先建立一个父工程。

![image-20220308195709959][]

![image-20220308200313984][]

使用本地自己下载的maven。如未下载可以参考[maven的下载与安装教程（超详细）\_Java修炼记-CSDN博客\_maven下载教程][maven_Java_-CSDN_maven]。

![image-20220308202731799][]

最后出现`Build Success`说明创建成功了。

![image-20220308202931305][]

统一好字符编码，避免后面出现乱码等问题。

![image-20220308203342186][]

开启注解支持。

![image-20220308203757248][]

java编译版本选择为java8.

![image-20220308203949797][]

FileType过滤。这一步选做，可以把项目中不想显示的文件过滤，这样项目看起来会清爽一点。

![image-20220308204537756][]

###### 2.2 父工程的pom文件配置 ######

将父工程的src目录删除，pom.xml配置如下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
       <groupId>com.wangzhou.springcloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
       
      <packaging>pom</packaging>
    
      
      <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.49</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.17</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>2.0.5</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
      </properties>
    
      
      <dependencyManagement>
    
        <dependencies>
    
          
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
          
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
          </dependency>
    
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
          </dependency>
          
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
          </dependency>
          
          <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
          </dependency>
        </dependencies>
      </dependencyManagement>
    
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
              <fork>true</fork>
              <addResources>true</addResources>
            </configuration>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
    
      </build>
    
    </project>

去除maven生命周期中的`test`环节。

![image-20220308211226027][]

点击`install`,出现`Build Success`说明maven与Idea的整合成功了。

![image-20220308211519727][]

###### 2.3 Rest微服务工作空间构建 ######

我们的需求可以用下图表示:通过`order`订单模块调用`payment`模块完成支付。

![image-20220308212356940][]

一个微服务的构建过程只要五步:1.建立module 2.改pom 3.写yaml 4.主启动类 5.业务类

（1）建立module

![image-20220308213900766][]

顺带一提，由于我们之前在父工程中使用`dependencymanagement`，这里`GroupId`与`Version`都是自动生成的。

(2)改pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.wangzhou.springcloud</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>
    
        <properties>
            <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                
                <version>1.1.10</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
    
    </project>

这里可能会爆红。

![image-20220308214634540][]

将父工程pom文件mybatis的版本与springboot保持一致即可。

![image-20220308215116303][]

（3）写Yaml

新建application.yml。

# 服务端口号
    server:
      port: 8001
    
    # 服务名称
    spring:
      application:
        name: cloud-payment-service
    
    #数据库配置
    datasource:
      type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource  # 当前数据源操作类型
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver      # mysql驱动包
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloud2021?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: 123456
    
    mybatis:
      mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
      type-aliases-package: com.wangzhou.springcloud.entities  # 所有Bean 别名类所在包

（4）主启动类

package com.wangzhou.springcloud;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    
    /**
     * @author wangzhou
     * @created 2022/03/08
     */
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class PaymentMain8001 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
        }
    }

（5）业务类

对于后端程序员来说，业务也特别简单，就是五步:建SQL、entities、Dao、Service、Controller。

建数据库

CREATE DATABASE cloud2021;

建表

CREATE TABLE `payment`(
    `id` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
    `serial` VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT '',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`) 
    )ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

插入数据。

INSERT INTO payment(`serial`)VALUES("张三");

建立entities。在这之前这里先放出项目的目录结构的截图供您参考。

![image-20220309215603443][]

主实体。

@AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @Data
    public class Payment implements Serializable {
         // 实现Serializable接口方便分布式部署
        private Long id; // 数据库中id类型为bigInt，所有这里用Long
        private String serial;
    }

统一结果返回。

@AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @Data
    //统一结果返回，前端无需关心后端的具体业务,先根据后端返回的状态码与信息判断请求是否成功
    public class CommonResult<T> {
          // 泛型：返回结果类具有通用性，除了Payment也可以是其它类型
        private Integer code;
        private String message;
        private T data;
    
        public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
        
           this(code, message, null);
        }
    }

Dao。

@Mapper // Mybatis 框架推荐使用该注解而不是 @Repository
    public interface PaymentDao {
        
    
        public int create(Payment payment);
    
        public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
    }

Payment.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    
    <mapper namespace="com.wangzhou.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
    
        <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
            insert into Payment(serial) values (#{serial})
        </insert>
    
        <resultMap id="BaseMap" type="com.wangzhou.springcloud.entities.Payment">
            <id column="id" property="id" javaType="BIGINT"/>
            <id column="serial" property="serial" javaType="VARCHAR"/>
        </resultMap>
    
        <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseMap">
            select * from payment where id=#{id}
        </select>
    
    </mapper>

Service

public interface PaymentService {
        
        public int create(Payment payment);
        public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
    
    }

public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
        
        @Resource // java自带注解，也可以进行自动注入
        private PaymentDao paymentDao;
    
        @Override
        public int create(Payment payment) {
        
            return paymentDao.create(payment);
        }
    
        @Override
        public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        
            return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
        }
    }

Controller.

@RestController //@Controller + @ResponseBody(将方法的返回结果直接写到responseBody)
    @Slf4j //日志
    @RequestMapping("/payment")
    public class PaymentController {
        
    
        @Resource
        private PaymentService service;
    
        @PostMapping("/created")
        public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
        
            int result = service.create(payment);
            log.info("插入结果是:" + result);
            if(result > 0) {
        
                return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据成功", 1);
            } else {
        
                return new CommonResult(444, "插入数据失败");
            }
        }
    
        @GetMapping(value = "/get/{id}")
        public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id")Long id){
        
            Payment result = service.getPaymentById(id);
            log.info("-----查询结果----： "+ result);
    
            if (result != null){
        
                //查询成功
                return new CommonResult(200,"查询成功",result);
            }else {
        
                return new CommonResult(444,"没有对应记录，查询id： "+id,null);
            }
        }
    
    }

启动项目。遇到如下问题。

Injection of resource dependencies failed;耐心的看报错信息，看到下图错误。

![image-20220310184334879][]

对应看xml文件。发现`jdbcType`写成了`javaType`

![image-20220310184512277][]

总结：对于异常一定要先耐心读打印出来的异常信息。

查询测试:[localhost:8001/payment/get/1][localhost_8001_payment_get_1]

查询结果如下。

![image-20220310184925916][]

插入结果如下。

![image-20220310190627527][]

[image-20220308195709959]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/9703b7c070cc659f0e9ad7ac4a77f4a3.png
[image-20220308200313984]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/76616a8e0a120c765dbe470b85601d47.png
[maven_Java_-CSDN_maven]: https://blog.csdn.net/u012660464/article/details/114113349
[image-20220308202731799]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ec01bff77311fb37e0eef50be905f979.png
[image-20220308202931305]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/03d9e8b0a25442cfd39b201df9b80f5f.png
[image-20220308203342186]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/1895bbc30a5d2fcbc84767c9f6410b8d.png
[image-20220308203757248]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/1c350f7d5a67c036a588cf72025b4ba7.png
[image-20220308203949797]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/4127c37cb7865003989631835baf843a.png
[image-20220308204537756]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/21184b9569f614ef16142a7ca0869879.png
[image-20220308211226027]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ec172d57d4fb0d80269a5f5291c2d545.png
[image-20220308211519727]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/458590480b14b06ab2a30bd636b44736.png
[image-20220308212356940]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ab4719178f3aa82413c37a65fc265931.png
[image-20220308213900766]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/6b83a0ed7a34523ed8ccf0fedd7d366e.png
[image-20220308214634540]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/7f43375bc8e93d2e69d2895a5014ac53.png
[image-20220308215116303]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/14b614369e458627fa266ebce586873d.png
[image-20220309215603443]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d14bf8812dc2e1d674d37312b2c9bb3e.png
[image-20220310184334879]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d32bbe8beef9fa909dafa729a66eab8c.png
[image-20220310184512277]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d465350cb12226a98d056d3f27801a9b.png
[localhost_8001_payment_get_1]: http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1
[image-20220310184925916]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/b9664d1edf3a32c66b84b07cdae9bef2.png
[image-20220310190627527]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/4668d3775339b953dafdb74792680290.png