编码踩坑——Tomcat启动异常 bcprov-jdk15on循环依赖问题

ゝ一纸荒年。 2023-09-29 10:30 9阅读 0赞

本篇介绍一个实际开发中遇到的问题——关于循环依赖的踩坑；

**现象**：启动工程时，偶尔成功，偶尔失败；

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5LiD5rW35YGl5Lq6_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

**过程**：看到报错的位置是catalina开头的，以为是tomcat的环境问题，因为是偶现，所以没有仔细查看报错的日志；认为从测试环境调整为生产环境问题大概率就能解决，结果生产环境的部署刚好失败了；

**部署日志**：关键的日志及错误信息已经标记出，提示为：

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5LiD5rW35YGl5Lq6_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

Jun 11, 2020 3:57:01 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
    INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
    Jun 11, 2020 3:57:01 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
    INFO: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
    Jun 11, 2020 3:57:01 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
    INFO: Initialization processed in 367 ms
    Jun 11, 2020 3:57:01 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
    INFO: Starting service Catalina
    Jun 11, 2020 3:57:01 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
    INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/x.x.90
    Jun 11, 2020 3:57:04 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
    SEVERE: A child container failed during start
    java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:819)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1702)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1692)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    ... 6 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to complete the scan for annotations for web application [] due to a StackOverflowError. Possible root causes include a too low setting for -Xss and illegal cyclic inheritance dependencies. 
    The class hierarchy being processed was [org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Boolean->org.bouncycastle.asn1.DERBoolean->org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Boolean]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.checkHandlesTypes(ContextConfig.java:2164)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2110)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:1971)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1932)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1917)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1322)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:878)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:388)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5566)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 6 more

**解释**：  
"Unable to complete the scan for annotations for web application \[\] due to a StackOverflowError."  
——扫描注解失败，原因是堆栈溢出StackOverflowError；

"Possible root causes include a too low setting for -Xss and illegal cyclic inheritance dependencies."  
——可能的根本原因包括-Xss设置过低和非法的循环继承依赖关系；

> **其实原因已经在日志中打出来了，循环引用导致的堆栈溢出；**

因此，这个问题的根本原因是jar包冲突，继承关系刚好相反，故造成tomcat启动的循环依赖问题，导致堆栈溢出，处理问题的思路应该是如何解决jar依赖问题；

从org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Boolean这个类入手。查看系统中 ASN1Boolean 出现在了两个包中：

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5LiD5rW35YGl5Lq6_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2][]

**解决方案**：

排除其中一个依赖即可，可以安装IDEA Maven Helper插件（强烈推荐），搜索这个org.bouncycastle，然后右键exclude即可；注意，直接去父pom中搜不到，需要在子module的pom文件中搜索，排除依赖可以放在父pom中；

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5LiD5rW35YGl5Lq6_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

<exclusions>
                        <exclusion>
                            <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
                            <artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
                        </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>
    
    ## 或者:
    
                    <exclusions>
                        <exclusion>
                            <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
                            <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
                        </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>

故在pom中排除相应jar包，重新构建，部署成功！

**思考**：编码中遇到的任何异常情况，哪怕是偶现的，也需要重视；需要寻根溯源，提前识别到问题并尽可能在生产环境部署前解决；部署日志提供了排查问题的信息，需要仔细查看，而不是看到某一段异常信息就妄下结论！

补充下Spring解决循环依赖相关的知识，这一篇文章写的很好建议阅读收藏——[Spring循环依赖&三级缓存【建议收藏】][Spring]；

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[Spring]: https://blog.csdn.net/minghao0508/article/details/124391382