全链路追踪神器-Skywalking实战教程

秒速五厘米 2023-09-24 15:58 68阅读 0赞

**01 什么是 SkyWalking**

SkyWalking 是观察性分析平台和应用性能管理系统。

提供分布式追踪、服务网格遥测分析、度量聚合和可视化一体化解决方案。

**架构：**

![273463469c62b697c28650d2090970a3.png][]

**02 环境搭建**

**安装下载部署**

**1、下载**

地址：http://skywalking.apache.org/zh/downloads/

![fee8fe68118263e8802ad497ca4a11e0.png][]

**2、安装**

下载解压后目录如下：

![dfb82facd1374c90f1bcae942520bd59.png][]

不需要修改配置文件，在bin目录下执行startup.bat或startup.sh即可启动服务：

![482e068e873ea87bdceb00359268bb90.png][]

**执行startup.bat之后会启动如下两个服务：**

*  Skywalking-Collector：
    
    追踪信息收集器，通过 gRPC/Http 收集客户端的采集信息 ，Http默认端口 12800，gRPC默认端口 11800。
 *  Skywalking-Webapp：
    
    管理平台页面 默认端口 8080，登录信息 admin/admin

**3、配置信息**

（1）**收集器相关配置：**支持 http/gRPC收集

core:
    
      default:
    
        restHost: ${SW_CORE_REST_HOST:0.0.0.0}
    
        restPort: ${SW_CORE_REST_PORT:12800}
    
        restContextPath: ${SW_CORE_REST_CONTEXT_PATH:/}
    
        gRPCHost: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_HOST:0.0.0.0}
    
        gRPCPort: ${SW_CORE_GRPC_PORT:11800}
    
        downsampling:
    
        - Hour
    
        - Day
    
        - Month
    
        # Set a timeout on metric data. After the timeout has expired, the metric data will automatically be deleted.
    
        recordDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_RECORD_DATA_TTL:90} # Unit is minute
    
        minuteMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MINUTE_METRIC_DATA_TTL:90} # Unit is minute
    
        hourMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_HOUR_METRIC_DATA_TTL:36} # Unit is hour
    
        dayMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_DAY_METRIC_DATA_TTL:45} # Unit is day
    
        monthMetricsDataTTL: ${SW_CORE_MONTH_METRIC_DATA_TTL:18} # Unit is month

（2）**收集信息存储：**支持h2和 ES

storage:
    
      h2:
    
        driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}
    
        url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}
    
        user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}
    
    #  elasticsearch:
    
    #    # nameSpace: ${SW_NAMESPACE:""}
    
    #    clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:9200}
    
    #    indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:2}
    
    #    indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:0}
    
    #    # Batch process setting, refer to https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/5.5/java-docs-bulk-processor.html
    
    #    bulkActions: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_ACTIONS:2000} # Execute the bulk every 2000 requests
    
    #    bulkSize: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_SIZE:20} # flush the bulk every 20mb
    
    #    flushInterval: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_FLUSH_INTERVAL:10} # flush the bulk every 10 seconds whatever the number of requests
    
    #    concurrentRequests: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS:2} # the number of concurrent requests

(3)**可采集信息：**jvm运行相关信息，zipkin追踪日志等。

receiver-register:
    
      default:
    
    receiver-trace:
    
      default:
    
        bufferPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_PATH:../trace-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path
    
        bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:100} # Unit is MB
    
        bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:500} # Unit is MB
    
        bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_RECEIVER_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}
    
        sampleRate: ${SW_TRACE_SAMPLE_RATE:10000} # The sample rate precision is 1/10000. 10000 means 100% sample in default.
    
    receiver-jvm:
    
      default:
    
    #service-mesh:
    
    #  default:
    
    #    bufferPath: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_PATH:../mesh-buffer/}  # Path to trace buffer files, suggest to use absolute path
    
    #    bufferOffsetMaxFileSize: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_OFFSET_MAX_FILE_SIZE:100} # Unit is MB
    
    #    bufferDataMaxFileSize: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_DATA_MAX_FILE_SIZE:500} # Unit is MB
    
    #    bufferFileCleanWhenRestart: ${SW_SERVICE_MESH_BUFFER_FILE_CLEAN_WHEN_RESTART:false}
    
    #istio-telemetry:
    
    #  default:
    
    #receiver_zipkin:
    
    #  default:
    
    #    host: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_HOST:0.0.0.0}
    
    #    port: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_PORT:9411}
    
    #    contextPath: ${SW_RECEIVER_ZIPKIN_CONTEXT_PATH:/}

**03 页面介绍**

访问地址：http://localhost:8080/

**首页：**

![a87b3f21451e0417f97015e5287657dc.png][]

**调用关系**

![e5c619dc4cb2f92969cefaa7dfb0cd7f.png][]

**服务调用信息**

![fb7c7afefabe2485b936c70ee0c3078f.png][]

**追踪日志信息**

![a6965f5ba0b55f7d146d28a801dba80c.png][]

**04 Agent 使用示例**

Skywalking 采用 **Java 探针技术**（java agent 博客），对客户端应用程序没有任何代码侵入，使用起来简单方便，当然其具体实现就是需要针对不同的框架及服务提供探针插件。

**使用命令：**

java -javaagent:G:\github\incubator-skywalking\skywalking-agent\skywalking-agent.jar
    
    -Dskywalking.agent.service_name=test  -jar app.jar

这样就可以完成对目前应用 app.jar 的监控

**Tomcat 监控**

Tomcat 7 修改tomcat/bin/catalina.sh，在首行加入如下信息

CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -javaagent:/path/to/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar"; export CATALINA_OPTS

Tomcat 8 修改tomcat/bin/catalina.sh，在首行加入如下信

set "CATALINA_OPTS=... -javaagent:E:\apache-tomcat-8.5.20\skywalking-agent\skywalking-agent.jar"

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