Java解析XML(4种方法)

小灰灰 2023-07-25 11:14 124阅读 0赞

![这里写图片描述][70]

xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <class>
        <student>
            <firstname>cxx1</firstname>
            <lastname>Bob1</lastname>
            <nickname>stars1</nickname>
            <marks>85</marks>
        </student>
        <student rollno="493">
            <firstname>cxx2</firstname>
            <lastname>Bob2</lastname>
            <nickname>stars2</nickname>
            <marks>85</marks>
        </student>
        <student rollno="593">
            <firstname>cxx3</firstname>
            <lastname>Bob3</lastname>
            <nickname>stars3</nickname>
            <marks>85</marks>
        </student>
    </class>

# 1.DOM方式 #

package com.cxx.xml;
    
    import org.w3c.dom.*;
    import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
    import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
    /**
     * @Author: cxx
     * Dom操作xml
     * @Date: 2018/5/29 20:19
     */
    public class DomDemo {
        //用Element方式
        public static void element(NodeList list){
            for (int i = 0; i <list.getLength() ; i++) {
                Element element = (Element) list.item(i);
                NodeList childNodes = element.getChildNodes();
                for (int j = 0; j <childNodes.getLength() ; j++) {
                    if (childNodes.item(j).getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                        //获取节点
                        System.out.print(childNodes.item(j).getNodeName() + ":");
                        //获取节点值
                        System.out.println(childNodes.item(j).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        public static void node(NodeList list){
            for (int i = 0; i <list.getLength() ; i++) {
                Node node = list.item(i);
                NodeList childNodes = node.getChildNodes();
                for (int j = 0; j <childNodes.getLength() ; j++) {
                    if (childNodes.item(j).getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                        System.out.print(childNodes.item(j).getNodeName() + ":");
                        System.out.println(childNodes.item(j).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            //1.创建DocumentBuilderFactory对象
            DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            //2.创建DocumentBuilder对象
            try {
                DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
                Document d = builder.parse("src/main/resources/demo.xml");
                NodeList sList = d.getElementsByTagName("student");
                //element(sList);
                node(sList);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

结果截图

![这里写图片描述][70 1]

# 2.SAX方式 #

package com.cxx.xml;
    import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
    import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
    import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
    import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
    import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
    
    /**
     * @Author: cxx
     * SAX解析DOM
     * 一行一行  Handler
     * startElement
     * endElement
     * @Date: 2018/5/29 20:03
     */
    public class SaxDemo {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //1.或去SAXParserFactory实例
            SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
            //2.获取SAXparser实例
            SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
            //创建Handel对象
            SAXDemoHandel handel = new SAXDemoHandel();
            saxParser.parse("src/main/resources/demo.xml",handel);
        }
    }
    
    class SAXDemoHandel extends DefaultHandler {
        //遍历xml文件开始标签
        @Override
        public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
            super.startDocument();
            System.out.println("sax解析开始");
        }
    
        //遍历xml文件结束标签
        @Override
        public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
            super.endDocument();
            System.out.println("sax解析结束");
        }
    
        @Override
        public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
            super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
            if (qName.equals("student")){
                System.out.println("============开始遍历student=============");
                //System.out.println(attributes.getValue("rollno"));
            }
            else if (!qName.equals("student")&&!qName.equals("class")){
                System.out.print("节点名称:"+qName+"----");
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {
            super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
            if (qName.equals("student")){
                System.out.println(qName+"遍历结束");
                System.out.println("============结束遍历student=============");
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
            super.characters(ch, start, length);
            String value = new String(ch,start,length).trim();
            if (!value.equals("")) {
                System.out.println(value);
            }
        }
    }

结果截图

![这里写图片描述][70 2]

# 3.JDOM方式 #

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.jdom</groupId>
        <artifactId>jdom</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.3</version>
    </dependency>

package com.cxx.xml;
    import org.jdom.Attribute;
    import org.jdom.Document;
    import org.jdom.Element;
    import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.util.List;
    /**
     * @Author: cxx
     * JDom解析xml
     * 快速开发XML应用程序。
     * 是一个开源项目
     * JDOM主要用来弥补DOM和SAX在实际应用当中的不足。
     * @Date: 2018/5/30 11:44
     */
    public class JDomDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //1.创建SAXBuilder对象
            SAXBuilder saxBuilder = new SAXBuilder();
            //2.创建输入流
            InputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File("src/main/resources/demo.xml"));
            //3.将输入流加载到build中
            Document document = saxBuilder.build(is);
            //4.获取根节点
            Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
            //5.获取子节点
            List<Element> children = rootElement.getChildren();
            for (Element child : children) {
                System.out.println("通过rollno获取属性值:"+child.getAttribute("rollno"));
                List<Attribute> attributes = child.getAttributes();
                //打印属性
                for (Attribute attr : attributes) {
                    System.out.println(attr.getName()+":"+attr.getValue());
                }
                List<Element> childrenList = child.getChildren();
                System.out.println("======获取子节点-start======");
                for (Element o : childrenList) {
                    System.out.println("节点名:"+o.getName()+"---"+"节点值:"+o.getValue());
                }
                System.out.println("======获取子节点-end======");
            }
        }
    }

结果截图

![这里写图片描述][70 3]

# 4.DOM4J方式 #

<dependency>
         <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
         <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
         <version>1.6.1</version>
    </dependency>

package com.cxx.xml;
    import org.dom4j.Attribute;
    import org.dom4j.Document;
    import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
    import org.dom4j.Element;
    import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
    
    import java.io.File;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * @Author: cxx
     * Dom4j解析xml
     * @Date: 2018/5/30 12:21
     */
    public class Dom4JDemo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //1.创建Reader对象
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            //2.加载xml
            Document document = reader.read(new File("src/main/resources/demo.xml"));
            //3.获取根节点
            Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
            Iterator iterator = rootElement.elementIterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()){
                Element stu = (Element) iterator.next();
                List<Attribute> attributes = stu.attributes();
                System.out.println("======获取属性值======");
                for (Attribute attribute : attributes) {
                    System.out.println(attribute.getValue());
                }
                System.out.println("======遍历子节点======");
                Iterator iterator1 = stu.elementIterator();
                while (iterator1.hasNext()){
                    Element stuChild = (Element) iterator1.next();
                    System.out.println("节点名："+stuChild.getName()+"---节点值："+stuChild.getStringValue());
                }
            }
        }
    }

![这里写图片描述][70 4]

# 总结 #

![这里写图片描述][70 5]  
![这里写图片描述][70 6]  
![这里写图片描述][70 7]

[70]: /images/20230528/44c020fb07ab43ddad1ff997265a7ad0.png
[70 1]: /images/20230528/feb12927e51742af92f71fdfd5df7888.png
[70 2]: /images/20230528/80c1e81c8c5347b99dee4e9975daeac8.png
[70 3]: /images/20230528/2dcee3c894604435a37ac1dfe90453d0.png
[70 4]: /images/20230528/44c90ddd5db14fa89c871fdedea2c84e.png
[70 5]: /images/20230528/28a9785e0ea54cdba9fa967b6f803de0.png
[70 6]: /images/20230528/d4376712e8254d77b6777fbcb417dde7.png
[70 7]: /images/20230528/f7b9bc27b1a243feb0f610874f08200c.png