EE颠覆者第四章 MVC基础

怼烎@ 2023-07-17 06:44 14阅读 0赞

# pom #

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<groupId>com.wisely</groupId>
    	<artifactId>highlight_springmvc4</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>war</packaging>
    
    	<properties>
    		
    		<java.version>1.7</java.version>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		
    		<jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
    		<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    		<servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
    		
    		<spring-framework.version>4.1.5.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>
    		
    		<logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
    		<slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>javax</groupId>
    			<artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
    			<version>7.0</version>
    			<scope>provided</scope>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    			<version>${jstl.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    			<version>${servlet.version}</version>
    			<scope>provided</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    			<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    			<version>${jsp.version}</version>
    			<scope>provided</scope>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
    			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    			<version>1.2.16</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    			<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
    			<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
    			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
    			<version>${logback.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
    			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
    			<version>${logback.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
    			<artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>
    			<version>${logback.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
    			<artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
    			<version>2.5.3</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    			<version>1.3.1</version>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    			<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    			<version>2.3</version>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    		
    	
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>junit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    			<version>4.11</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    				<version>2.3.2</version>
    				<configuration>
    					<source>${java.version}</source>
    					<target>${java.version}</target>
    				</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    			<plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.3</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

# 日志配置 #

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="1 seconds">
    
        <contextListener class="ch.qos.logback.classic.jul.LevelChangePropagator">
            <resetJUL>true</resetJUL>
        </contextListener>
    
        <jmxConfigurator/>
    
        <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
            <encoder>
                <pattern>logbak: %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
            </encoder>
        </appender>
    
          <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="DEBUG"/> 
        <root level="info">
            <appender-ref ref="console"/>
        </root>
    </configuration>

## index.html ##

src/main/resources/views下建立index.html

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    	<pre>
    		Welcome to Spring MVC world
    	</pre>
    </body>
    </html>

## 1.SpringMVC配置 ##

继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter

@Configuration
    @EnableWebMvc// 1
    @EnableScheduling
    @ComponentScan("com.wisely.highlight_springmvc4")
    public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { // 2
    
    	@Bean
    	public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() { 
    		InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
    		viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/");//部署的开头
    		viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    		viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
    		return viewResolver;
    	}
    
    	@Override //添加jquery.js路径，放在 resources/assets/jquery.js 静态资源映射
    	public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { 
    
    		registry.addResourceHandler("/assets/**").addResourceLocations(
    				"classpath:/assets/");// 3 对外暴漏的路径， 本地文件放置的路径
    
    	}
    
    	@Bean
    	// 1   //创建拦截器
    	public DemoInterceptor demoInterceptor() { 
    		return new DemoInterceptor();
    	}
    
    	@Override  //添加拦截器
    	public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { // 2
    		registry.addInterceptor(demoInterceptor());
    	}
    
    	@Override //添加视图控制，就是 返回idex 就跳转到index页面
    	public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { 
    		registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName("/index");
    		registry.addViewController("/toUpload").setViewName("/upload");
    		registry.addViewController("/converter").setViewName("/converter");
    		registry.addViewController("/sse").setViewName("/sse");
    		registry.addViewController("/async").setViewName("/async");
    	}
    
    	 @Override  //末尾关闭 yy.xx 访问yy的请求，下面会说
    	 public void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer configurer) { 
    	 configurer.setUseSuffixPatternMatch(false);
    	 }
    
    	@Bean  //配置文件上传的大小
    	public MultipartResolver multipartResolver() { 
    		CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver();
    		multipartResolver.setMaxUploadSize(1000000);
    		return multipartResolver;
    	}
    	
    	@Override //配置自定义消息转换器，就是请求类型
        public void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) { 
            converters.add(converter());
        }
    	
    	@Bean  //创建我的消息转换器
    	public MyMessageConverter converter(){ 
    		return new MyMessageConverter();
    	}
    
    	
    
    }

## 2.启动参数配置 ##

实现WebApplicationInitializer

public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer { //1
    
    	@Override
    	public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext)
    			throws ServletException { 
            
    		AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();//使用注解配置
            ctx.register(MyMvcConfig.class);//使用我的配置
            ctx.setServletContext(servletContext); //2
            
            Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx)); //3
            servlet.addMapping("/");
            servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
            servlet.setAsyncSupported(true);//1 开启异步
    
    	}
    
    }

## 3.简单控制器 ##

@Controller//1
    public class HelloController { 
    	@RequestMapping("/index")//2
    	public  String hello(){ 
    		return "index";
    	}
    
    }

# 4.3 Srping MVC的常用注解 #

public class DemoObj {  //get set
    	private Long id;
    	private String name;
    	}

produces 定制返回类型

@Controller // 1
    @RequestMapping("/anno") //2
    public class DemoAnnoController { 
    
    	@RequestMapping(produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")	// 3
    	public @ResponseBody String index(HttpServletRequest request) {  // 4
    		return "url:" + request.getRequestURL() + " can access";
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/pathvar/{str}", produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")// 5
    	public @ResponseBody String demoPathVar(@PathVariable String str, //3
    			HttpServletRequest request) { 
    		return "url:" + request.getRequestURL() + " can access,str: " + str;
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/requestParam", produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8") //6
    	public @ResponseBody String passRequestParam(@RequestParam(value = "ia") Long id,
    			HttpServletRequest request) { 
    		
    		return "url:" + request.getRequestURL() + " can access,id: " + id;
    
    	}
    
        //使用j'son请求稳，配置了额 id过滤，所以id为null,json请求影响
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/obj", produces = "application/json;charset=UTF-8")//7
    	@ResponseBody //8
    	public String passObj(@RequestBody DemoObj obj, HttpServletRequest request) { 
    		
    		 return "url:" + request.getRequestURL() 
    		 			+ " can access, obj id: " + obj.getId()+" obj name:" + obj.getName();
    
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping(value = {  "/name1", "/name2" }, produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")//9
    	public @ResponseBody String remove(HttpServletRequest request) { 
    		
    		return "url:" + request.getRequestURL() + " can access";
    	}
    
    }

@RestController演示

@RestController //1
    @RequestMapping("/rest")
    public class DemoRestController { 
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/getjson",
    			produces={ "application/json;charset=UTF-8"}) //2
    	public DemoObj getjson (@RequestBody DemoObj obj){  //json请求 配置了额 id过滤，所以id为null,json请求影响稳，
    		return new DemoObj(obj.getId()+1, obj.getName()+"yy");//3
    	}
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/getxml",
    			produces={ "application/xml;charset=UTF-8"})//4
    	public DemoObj getxml(@RequestBody DemoObj obj){ 
    		return new DemoObj(obj.getId()+1, obj.getName()+"yy");
    	}
    
    }

# 静态资源 #

#### 我的MVC配置（继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter）重写addResourceHandlers 配置静态资源 ####

# 拦截器 #

继承HandlerInterceptorAdapter

public class DemoInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { //1
    
    	@Override
    	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, //2
    			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { 
    		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    		request.setAttribute("startTime", startTime);
    		return true;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, //3
    			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
    			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { 
    		long startTime = (Long) request.getAttribute("startTime");
    		request.removeAttribute("startTime");
    		long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    		System.out.println(request.getRequestURL()+"本次请求处理时间为:" + new Long(endTime - startTime)+"ms");
    		request.setAttribute("handlingTime", endTime - startTime);
    	}
    
    }

记得配置 MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter

# ControllerAdvice #

@ControllerAdvice //1
    public class ExceptionHandlerAdvice {  
    
    	@ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)//2
    	public ModelAndView exception(Exception exception, WebRequest request) { 
    		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("error");// error页面
    		modelAndView.addObject("errorMessage", exception.getMessage()); //错误页面跳转
    		return modelAndView;
    	}
    
    	@ModelAttribute //3
    	public void addAttributes(Model model) { 
    		model.addAttribute("msg", "额外信息"); //3 ，并且添加一个附加信息
    	}
    
    	@InitBinder //4
    	public void initBinder(WebDataBinder webDataBinder) { 
    		webDataBinder.setDisallowedFields("id"); //5 id会被过滤掉
    	}
    }
    
    
    @Controller
    public class AdviceController { 
    	@RequestMapping("/advice")
    	public String getSomething(@ModelAttribute("msg") String msg,DemoObj obj){ //1
    		
    		throw new IllegalArgumentException("非常抱歉，参数有误/"+"来自@ModelAttribute:"+ msg);  //扔个错误，就会跳转到错误页面
    	}
    
    }
    
    
    src/main/resources/views/error.jsp
    
    
    <body>
    	${ errorMessage}
    </body>

# 路径匹配 #

默认如果点 . ，后面将会被忽略

如访问，xx.yy .yy被忽略

@Override
    	 public void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer configurer) { 
    	 configurer.setUseSuffixPatternMatch(false);//Suffix结尾
    	 } //便不会被忽略

# spring MVC 高级配置，文件上传 #

src/main/resources/views/upload.jsp
    
    <div class="upload">
    	<form action="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    		<input type="file" name="file"/><br/>
    		<input type="submit" value="上传">
    	</form>
    </div>

@Bean
    	public MultipartResolver multipartResolver() { 
    		CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver();
    		multipartResolver.setMaxUploadSize(1000000);
    		return multipartResolver;
    	}

@Controller
    public class UploadController { 
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/upload",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    	public @ResponseBody String upload(MultipartFile file) { //1
    		
    			try { 
    				FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile(new File("e:/upload/"+file.getOriginalFilename()),
    						file.getBytes()); //2
    				return "ok";
    			} catch (IOException e) { 
    				e.printStackTrace();
    				return "wrong";
    			}
    	}
    }
    
    
    http://localhost:8080/highlight_springmvc4_war/toUpload

# httpMessageConverter #

自定义请求类型，就是 contenType

public class MyMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<DemoObj> { //1
    
    	public MyMessageConverter() { 
    		super(new MediaType("application", "x-wisely",Charset.forName("UTF-8")));//2
    	}
    	
    	/** * 3 */
    
    	@Override
    	protected DemoObj readInternal(Class<? extends DemoObj> clazz,
    			HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException,
    			HttpMessageNotReadableException { 
    		String temp = StreamUtils.copyToString(inputMessage.getBody(),
    
    		Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
    		String[] tempArr = temp.split("-");
    		return new DemoObj(new Long(tempArr[0]), tempArr[1]);
    	}
    	
    	/** * 4 */
    	@Override
    	protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) { 
    		return DemoObj.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
    	}
    	
    	/** * 5 */
    	@Override
    	protected void writeInternal(DemoObj obj, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage)
    			throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException { 
    		String out = "hello:" + obj.getId() + "-"
    				+ obj.getName();
    		outputMessage.getBody().write(out.getBytes());
    	}
    
    }

mvc配置	
    	@Override
        public void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) { 
            converters.add(converter());
        }
    	
    	@Bean 
    	public MyMessageConverter converter(){ 
    		return new MyMessageConverter();
    	}

@Controller
    public class ConverterController { 
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/convert", produces = {  "application/x-wisely" }) //1
        public @ResponseBody DemoObj convert(@RequestBody DemoObj demoObj) { 
    		
            return demoObj;
            
        }
    
    }

src/main/resources/views/converter.jsp
    
    <body>
        <div id="resp"></div><input type="button" onclick="req();" value="请求"/>
    <script src="assets/js/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script>
        function req(){
            $.ajax({
                url: "convert",
                data: "1-wangyunfei", //1
                type:"POST",
                contentType:"application/x-wisely", //2
                success: function(data){
                    $("#resp").html(data);
                }
            });
        }
    
    </script>
    </body>

http://localhost:8080/highlight\_springmvc4\_war/converter

会被切开 1-wangyunfei

# 服务推送技术 #

1.  SSE Server Send Event 服务端发送事件

还有双向推送技术 WebSocket

@Controller
    public class SseController { 
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value="/push",produces="text/event-stream") //1
    	public @ResponseBody String push(){ 
    		 Random r = new Random();
            try { 
                    Thread.sleep(5000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                    e.printStackTrace();
            }   
            return "data:Testing 1,2,3" + r.nextInt() +"\n\n";
    	}
    
    }

<body>
    
    
    <div id="msgFrompPush"></div>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="<c:url value="assets/js/jquery.js" />"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    
    
     if (!!window.EventSource) { //1
    	   var source = new EventSource('push'); 
    	   s='';
    	   source.addEventListener('message', function(e) {//2
    		   s+=e.data+"<br/>";
    		   $("#msgFrompPush").html(s);
    	     
    	   });
    
    	   source.addEventListener('open', function(e) {
    	        console.log("连接打开.");
    	   }, false);
    
    	   source.addEventListener('error', function(e) {
    	        if (e.readyState == EventSource.CLOSED) {
    	           console.log("连接关闭");
    	        } else {
    	            console.log(e.readyState);    
    	        }
    	   }, false);
    	} else {
    	        console.log("你的浏览器不支持SSE");
    	} 
    </script>
    </body>

http://localhost:8080/highlight\_springmvc4\_war/sse

1.  Server 3.0 + 异步方法处理

开启异步方法

public class WebInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {//1
    
    	@Override
    	public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext)
    			throws ServletException {
    		AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
            ctx.register(MyMvcConfig.class);
            ctx.setServletContext(servletContext); //2
            
            //这些是开启的代码
            Dynamic servlet = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx)); //3
            servlet.addMapping("/");
            servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
            servlet.setAsyncSupported(true);//1
    
    	}
    
    }

@Controller //返回：DeferredResult
    public class AysncController { 
        @Autowired
        PushService pushService; //1
    
        @RequestMapping("/defer")
        @ResponseBody
        public DeferredResult<String> deferredCall() {  //2
            return pushService.getAsyncUpdate();
        }
    
    }
    
    
    
    @Service
    public class PushService { 
        private DeferredResult<String> deferredResult; //1
    
        public DeferredResult<String> getAsyncUpdate() { 
            deferredResult = new DeferredResult<String>();
            return deferredResult;
        }
    
        @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)
        public void refresh() { 
            if (deferredResult != null) { 
                deferredResult.setResult(new Long(System.currentTimeMillis())
                        .toString());
            }
        }
    
    
    }

src/main/resources/views/async.jsp
    
    
    <body>
    
    
    
    <script type="text/javascript" src="assets/js/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    
    	deferred();//1
    	
    	function deferred(){ 
    	    $.get('defer',function(data){ 
    	        console.log(data); //2
    	        deferred(); //3
    	    });
    	}
    
    
    </script>
    </body>
    
    使用了定时器，记得打开 @EnableScheduling 
    
    此方法，没有浏览器兼容的问题
    console.log(data); //2 查看

# spring MVC 测试 #

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring-framework.version}</version>
    			<scope>test</scope> //存活周期为test
    		</dependency>
    		
    	
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>junit</groupId>
    			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    			<version>4.11</version>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>

@Service
    public class DemoService {
    	
    	public String saySomething(){
    		return "hello";
    	}
    
    }
    
    @RestController
    public class MyRestController {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	DemoService demoService;
    	
    	@RequestMapping(value = "/testRest" ,produces="text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
    	public @ResponseBody String testRest(){
    		return demoService.saySomething();
    	}
    
    }
    
    
    //@Controller
    public class NormalController {
    	@Autowired
    	DemoService demoService;
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/normal")
    	public  String testPage(Model model){
    		model.addAttribute("msg", demoService.saySomething());
    		return "page";
    	}
    
    }

src/main/resources/views/page.jsp
    
    <body>
    	<pre>
    		Welcome to Spring MVC world
    	</pre>
    </body>

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = { MyMvcConfig.class})
    @WebAppConfiguration("src/main/resources") //1，指定web资源的位置，默认为src/main/webapp
    public class TestControllerIntegrationTests { 
    	private MockMvc mockMvc; //2 模拟mvc的位置
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private DemoService demoService;//3
    	
    	@Autowired 
    	WebApplicationContext wac; //4
    	
        @Autowired 
        MockHttpSession session; //5 注入http session
        
        @Autowired 
        MockHttpServletRequest request; //6 注入http request
        
        @Before //7 测试之前进行初始化
        public void setup() { 
        	mockMvc =
        			MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); //2
        	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testNormalController() throws Exception{ 
    		mockMvc.perform(get("/normal")) //8
    				.andExpect(status().isOk())//9
    				.andExpect(view().name("page"))//10
    				.andExpect(forwardedUrl("/WEB-INF/classes/views/page.jsp"))//11
    				.andExpect(model().attribute("msg", demoService.saySomething()));//12
    				
    	}
    	
    	@Test
    	public void testRestController() throws Exception{ 
    		mockMvc.perform(get("/testRest")) //13
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
             .andExpect(content().contentType("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"))//14
            .andExpect(content().string(demoService.saySomething()));//15
    	}
    
    }