elasticsearch基本查询三（英文分词）match查询

本是古典何须时尚 2023-07-15 02:57 22阅读 0赞

#match查询
    #match query知道分词器的存在，会对filed进行分词操作, 然后再查询
    GET /ib3/user/_search 
    { 
      "query":{ 
        "match":{ "name": "zhaoliu" }
      }
    }
    GET /lib3/user/_search 
    { 
      "query":{ 
        "match":{ "age": 20}
      }
    }
    #match_all:查询所有文档
    GET /ib3/user/_search
    { 
      "query":{"match_all":{}}
    }
    #multi_match:可以指定多个字段
    GET /ib3/user/_search 
    { 
      "query":{ 
        "multi_match": { 
          "query": "Ilyou", 
          "fields": ["interests" ,"name"]
        }
      }
    }
    #match_ phrase:短语匹配查询
    #ElasticSearch引擎首先分析(analyze) 查询字符串，
    #从分析后的文本中构建短语查询，
    #这意味着必须匹配短语中的所有分词，
    #并且保证各个分词的相对位置不变:
    GET lib3/user/_search 
    { 
      "query":{
        "match_phrase":{"interests": "duanlian, shuoxiangsheng" }
      }
    }

term查询试试，没有找到，因为term是不知道分词的，会对    "name": "zhaoliu zhaoming"  当成一个关键字，索引这个关键字在倒排索引是没有的，所以没有找到

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l3bDQ3MDgxMjA4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

terms查询同样不知道分词（在倒排索引中   "name": "zhaoliu zhaoming"   会被看成一个关键字，在倒排索引是不存在这个索引的）而且terms是数组查询，不支持单个字符串查询的

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l3bDQ3MDgxMjA4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

\#match query知道分词器的存在，会对filed进行分词操作, 然后再查询    \#match指定单个字段条件查询

GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match":{"name": "zhaoliu zhaoming"}
      }
    }

{
      "took" : 38,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 2,
        "max_score" : 0.6931472,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "lib3",
            "_type" : "user",
            "_id" : "2",
            "_score" : 0.6931472,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "zhaoming",
              "address" : "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
              "age" : 20,
              "birthday" : "1998-10-12",
              "interests" : "xi huan hejiu, duanlian, changge"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "lib3",
            "_type" : "user",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 0.2876821,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "zhaoliu",
              "address" : "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
              "age" : 50,
              "birthday" : "1970-12-12",
              "interests" : "xi buan hejiu, duanlian, lvyou"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }

我们在看下匹配度的问题

GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match":{"interests": "duanlian changge"}
      }
    }

{
      "took" : 8,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 4,
        "max_score" : 1.3862944,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "lib3",
            "_type" : "user",
            "_id" : "2",
            "_score" : 1.3862944,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "zhaoming",
              "address" : "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
              "age" : 20,
              "birthday" : "1998-10-12",
              "interests" : "xi huan hejiu, duanlian, changge"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "lib3",
            "_type" : "user",
            "_id" : "3",
            "_score" : 0.5753642,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "lisi",
              "address" : "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
              "age" : 23,
              "birthday" : "1998-10-12",
              "interests" : "xi huan hejiu,duanlian, changge"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "lib3",
            "_type" : "user",
            "_id" : "5",
            "_score" : 0.2876821,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "zhangsan",
              "address" : "bei jing chao yang qu",
              "age" : 29,
              "birthday" : "1988-10-12",
              "interests" : "xi huan tingyinyue , changge , tiaowu"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "lib3",
            "_type" : "user",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 0.2876821,
            "_source" : {
              "name" : "zhaoliu",
              "address" : "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
              "age" : 50,
              "birthday" : "1970-12-12",
              "interests" : "xi buan hejiu, duanlian, lvyou"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }

#查询user索引下年龄20的文档
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match":{"age": 20}
      }
    }
    #查询索引user下的所有文档
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match_all":{}
      }
    }

\#multi\_match:可以指定多个字段条件查询

#multi_match指定多个字段条件查询
    #只要指定字段条件中含有changge的这个关键字都会被查询出来
    #那么含有changge也会被检索到
    GET /lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query" :{
        "multi_match": {
          "query": "changge",
          "fields": ["interests" , "name"]
        }
      }
    }

\#短语匹配  match\_phrase

#短语匹配,在interests这个字段中含有完全一样的短语就会被查询出来
    GET lib3/user/_search
    {
      "query":{
        "match_phrase":{"interests": "duanlian, changge"}
      }
    }

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3l3bDQ3MDgxMjA4Nw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230529/90939b9fe4024f96ba8f7d7e54c4fff2.png