springSecurity/springboot生成图片验证码 4 种方式，实现及比较

超、凢脫俗 2023-07-10 15:34 18阅读 0赞

### springSecurity/springboot生成图片验证码4种方式，实现及比较 ###

*   *  写在前面
     *  一、JDK原生包中Graphics对象,(java.awt.\*)，不需额外引包
     *   *  1.1、封装对象 ImageCode
         *  1.2、生成图片验证码,构造到上文创建的对象中
         *  1.3、图片验证码，如下，具体大小，参数，图纹，背景等可细调整
     *  二、google 封装的开源包，引入相关依赖
     *   *  2.1、需要配置类
         *  2.1、代码生成，注入SpringBean,测试
         *  2.3、图片验证码，如下,也可细调
     *  三、Hutool 开源包，引入相关依赖
     *   *  3.1、代码生成
         *  3.2、图片验证码，如下，也可细调
     *  四、其他开源包，引入相关依赖
     *   *  4.1、代码生成
         *  4.2、图片验证码，如下，也可细调
     *  五、关于验证码的校验逻辑，已补充
     *   *  5.1、已补充，\[点击-博文链接\](https://blog.csdn.net/qq\_42105629/article/details/104657127)

## 写在前面 ##

这里写了三种实现，可根据实际需要，选择之一，还有这里只是生成了验证码，具体校验方式可通过session，Redis等作存储、校验，这里就不介绍太多。

## 一、JDK原生包中Graphics对象,(java.awt.\*)，不需额外引包 ##

### 1.1、封装对象 ImageCode ###

@Data
    public class ImageCode { 
    
        private BufferedImage image;
        private String code;
        private LocalDateTime expireTime;
    
        public ImageCode(BufferedImage image, String code, int expireIn) { 
            this.image = image;
            this.code = code;
            this.expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(expireIn);
        }
    
        public ImageCode(BufferedImage image, String code, LocalDateTime expireTime) { 
            this.image = image;
            this.code = code;
            this.expireTime = expireTime;
        }
    
        public boolean isExpire() { 
            return LocalDateTime.now().isAfter(expireTime);
        }
    
    }

### 1.2、生成图片验证码,构造到上文创建的对象中 ###

@Test
        public void t1() throws IOException { 
            ImageCode imageCode = createImageCode();
    
    // 写到控制台乱码
    // ImageIO.write(imageCode.getImage(), "jpeg", System.out);
    
            ImageIO.write(imageCode.getImage(), "jpeg", Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/ee.jpeg").toPath()));
        }
    
        private ImageCode createImageCode() { 
    
            int width = 120; // 验证码图片宽度
            int height = 45; // 验证码图片长度
            int length = 4; // 验证码位数
            int expireIn = 60; // 验证码有效时间 60s
    
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    
            Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
    
            Random random = new Random();
    
            g.setColor(getRandColor(185, 250));
            g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
            g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ITALIC, 35));
            g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
            for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) { 
                int x = random.nextInt(width);
                int y = random.nextInt(height);
                int xl = random.nextInt(12);
                int yl = random.nextInt(12);
                g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
            }
    
            StringBuilder sRand = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { 
                String rand = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
                sRand.append(rand);
                g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
                g.drawString(rand, 25 * i + 12, 32);
            }
    
            g.dispose();
    
            return new ImageCode(image, sRand.toString(), expireIn);
        }
    
        private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { 
            Random random = new Random();
            if (fc > 255)
                fc = 255;
    
            if (bc > 255)
                bc = 255;
            int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
            int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
            int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
            return new Color(r, g, b);
        }

### 1.3、图片验证码，如下，具体大小，参数，图纹，背景等可细调整 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200303145417949.jpeg]，![在这里插入图片描述][20200303145458110.jpeg]，![在这里插入图片描述][20200303145554859.jpeg]

## 二、google 封装的开源包，引入相关依赖 ##

先引入依赖

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
                <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
       </dependency>

### 2.1、需要配置类 ###

import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
    import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    @Configuration
    public class KaptchaConfig { 
    
        @Bean
        public Producer KaptchaProducer() { 
            Properties kaptchaProperties = new Properties();
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.border", "no");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length","4");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.image.height","50");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.image.width","150");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.ShadowGimpy");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color","black");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size","40");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise");
            //kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl","com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
            kaptchaProperties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string","acdefhkmnprtwxy2345678");
    
            Config config = new Config(kaptchaProperties);
            return config.getProducerImpl();
        }
    }

### 2.1、代码生成，注入SpringBean,测试 ###

@Autowired
        private Producer captchaProducer;
    
     @GetMapping("/captcha")
        public void captcha() throws IOException { 
    
            // create the text for the image 
            String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
    
            // create the image with the text 
            BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
    
            ImageIO.write(bi, "jpeg", Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/google.jpeg").toPath()));
        }

### 2.3、图片验证码，如下,也可细调 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200303151218465.jpeg]|![在这里插入图片描述][20200303151248380.jpeg]|![在这里插入图片描述][20200303151323207.jpeg]

## 三、Hutool 开源包，引入相关依赖 ##

先引入依赖

<dependency>
                <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
                <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.4</version>
            </dependency>

### 3.1、代码生成 ###

@Test
        public void t4() throws IOException { 
    //定义图形验证码的长、宽、验证码字符数、干扰元素个数
            CircleCaptcha captcha = CaptchaUtil.createCircleCaptcha(200, 100, 4, 20);
    //CircleCaptcha captcha = new CircleCaptcha(200, 100, 4, 20);
    //图形验证码写出，可以写出到文件，也可以写出到流
            captcha.write(Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/hutool.jpeg").toPath()));
        }

### 3.2、图片验证码，如下，也可细调 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200304164215639.jpeg]|||![在这里插入图片描述][20200304164305992.jpeg]|||![在这里插入图片描述][20200304164347608.jpeg]

## 四、其他开源包，引入相关依赖 ##

先引入依赖

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
                <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
                <version>1.6.2</version>
    </dependency>

### 4.1、代码生成 ###

@Test
        public void t2() throws IOException { 
    
            SpecCaptcha specCaptcha = new SpecCaptcha(129, 48, 4);
            // 设置字体
            specCaptcha.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ITALIC, 34));
            // 设置类型
            specCaptcha.setCharType(Captcha.TYPE_NUM_AND_UPPER);
            specCaptcha.out(Files.newOutputStream(new File("d:/ff.jpeg").toPath()));
        }

### 4.2、图片验证码，如下，也可细调 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][20200303145937809.jpeg]|![在这里插入图片描述][20200303150017346.jpeg]|![在这里插入图片描述][20200303150124439.jpeg]

## 五、关于验证码的校验逻辑，已补充 ##

### 5.1、已补充，[点击-博文链接][-] ###

[20200303145417949.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303145417949.jpeg
[20200303145458110.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303145458110.jpeg
[20200303145554859.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303145554859.jpeg
[20200303151218465.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303151218465.jpeg
[20200303151248380.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303151248380.jpeg
[20200303151323207.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303151323207.jpeg
[20200304164215639.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200304164215639.jpeg
[20200304164305992.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200304164305992.jpeg
[20200304164347608.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200304164347608.jpeg
[20200303145937809.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303145937809.jpeg
[20200303150017346.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303150017346.jpeg
[20200303150124439.jpeg]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200303150124439.jpeg
[-]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42105629/article/details/104657127