mongodb数据的导出和导入

叁歲伎倆 2023-07-08 09:06 15阅读 0赞

**mongo导出表说明：**

root@827995de7c7f:/# mongoexport --help
    Usage:
      mongoexport <options>
    
    Export data from MongoDB in CSV or JSON format.
    
    See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongoexport/ for more information.
    
    general options:
          --help                                      print usage
          --version                                   print the tool version and exit
    
    verbosity options:
      -v, --verbose=<level>                           more detailed log output (include multiple times for more verbosity, e.g. -vvvvv, or specify a numeric value, e.g. --verbose=N)
          --quiet                                     hide all log output
    
    connection options:
      -h, --host=<hostname>                           mongodb host to connect to (setname/host1,host2 for replica sets)
          --port=<port>                               server port (can also use --host hostname:port)
    
    ssl options:
          --ssl                                       connect to a mongod or mongos that has ssl enabled
          --sslCAFile=<filename>                      the .pem file containing the root certificate chain from the certificate authority
          --sslPEMKeyFile=<filename>                  the .pem file containing the certificate and key
          --sslPEMKeyPassword=<password>              the password to decrypt the sslPEMKeyFile, if necessary
          --sslCRLFile=<filename>                     the .pem file containing the certificate revocation list
          --sslAllowInvalidCertificates               bypass the validation for server certificates
          --sslAllowInvalidHostnames                  bypass the validation for server name
          --sslFIPSMode                               use FIPS mode of the installed openssl library
    
    authentication options:
      -u, --username=<username>                       username for authentication
      -p, --password=<password>                       password for authentication
          --authenticationDatabase=<database-name>    database that holds the user's credentials
          --authenticationMechanism=<mechanism>       authentication mechanism to use
    
    namespace options:
      -d, --db=<database-name>                        database to use
      -c, --collection=<collection-name>              collection to use
    
    output options:
      -f, --fields=<field>[,<field>]*                 comma separated list of field names (required for exporting CSV) e.g. -f "name,age"
          --fieldFile=<filename>                      file with field names - 1 per line
          --type=<type>                               the output format, either json or csv (defaults to 'json') (default: json)
      -o, --out=<filename>                            output file; if not specified, stdout is used
          --jsonArray                                 output to a JSON array rather than one object per line
          --pretty                                    output JSON formatted to be human-readable
          --noHeaderLine                              export CSV data without a list of field names at the first line
    
    querying options:
      -q, --query=<json>                              query filter, as a JSON string, e.g., '{x:{$gt:1}}'
          --queryFile=<filename>                      path to a file containing a query filter (JSON)
      -k, --slaveOk                                   allow secondary reads if available (default true) (default: false)
          --readPreference=<string>|<json>            specify either a preference name or a preference json object
          --forceTableScan                            force a table scan (do not use $snapshot)
          --skip=<count>                              number of documents to skip
          --limit=<count>                             limit the number of documents to export
          --sort=<json>                               sort order, as a JSON string, e.g. '{x:1}'
          --assertExists                              if specified, export fails if the collection does not exist (default: false)

几个常见的说明：

-d ：数据库名
    -c ：表名
    -o ：输出的文件名
    --type ： 输出的格式，默认为json
    -f ：输出的字段，如果-type为csv，则需要加上-f "字段名"
    -q：过滤条件，json字符串

举个栗子：

mongoexport -d dbname -c tablename -o filename.csv --type csv -f "column1,column2” -q '{ filtercolumn :{$gte:1,$lte:100}}'

**mongo导入库说明：**

root@827995de7c7f:/# mongorestore --help
    Usage:
      mongorestore <options> <directory or file to restore>
    
    Restore backups generated with mongodump to a running server.
    
    Specify a database with -d to restore a single database from the target directory,
    or use -d and -c to restore a single collection from a single .bson file.
    
    See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongorestore/ for more information.
    
    general options:
          --help                                                print usage
          --version                                             print the tool version and exit
    
    verbosity options:
      -v, --verbose=<level>                                     more detailed log output (include multiple times for more verbosity, e.g. -vvvvv, or specify a numeric value, e.g. --verbose=N)
          --quiet                                               hide all log output
    
    connection options:
      -h, --host=<hostname>                                     mongodb host to connect to (setname/host1,host2 for replica sets)
          --port=<port>                                         server port (can also use --host hostname:port)
    
    ssl options:
          --ssl                                                 connect to a mongod or mongos that has ssl enabled
          --sslCAFile=<filename>                                the .pem file containing the root certificate chain from the certificate authority
          --sslPEMKeyFile=<filename>                            the .pem file containing the certificate and key
          --sslPEMKeyPassword=<password>                        the password to decrypt the sslPEMKeyFile, if necessary
          --sslCRLFile=<filename>                               the .pem file containing the certificate revocation list
          --sslAllowInvalidCertificates                         bypass the validation for server certificates
          --sslAllowInvalidHostnames                            bypass the validation for server name
          --sslFIPSMode                                         use FIPS mode of the installed openssl library
    
    authentication options:
      -u, --username=<username>                                 username for authentication
      -p, --password=<password>                                 password for authentication
          --authenticationDatabase=<database-name>              database that holds the user's credentials
          --authenticationMechanism=<mechanism>                 authentication mechanism to use
    
    namespace options:
      -d, --db=<database-name>                                  database to use when restoring from a BSON file
      -c, --collection=<collection-name>                        collection to use when restoring from a BSON file
          --excludeCollection=<collection-name>                 DEPRECATED; collection to skip over during restore (may be specified multiple times to exclude additional collections)
          --excludeCollectionsWithPrefix=<collection-prefix>    DEPRECATED; collections to skip over during restore that have the given prefix (may be specified multiple times to exclude additional prefixes)
          --nsExclude=<namespace-pattern>                       exclude matching namespaces
          --nsInclude=<namespace-pattern>                       include matching namespaces
          --nsFrom=<namespace-pattern>                          rename matching namespaces, must have matching nsTo
          --nsTo=<namespace-pattern>                            rename matched namespaces, must have matching nsFrom
    
    input options:
          --objcheck                                            validate all objects before inserting
          --oplogReplay                                         replay oplog for point-in-time restore
          --oplogLimit=<seconds>[:ordinal]                      only include oplog entries before the provided Timestamp
          --oplogFile=<filename>                                oplog file to use for replay of oplog
          --archive=<filename>                                  restore dump from the specified archive file.  If flag is specified without a value, archive is read from stdin
          --restoreDbUsersAndRoles                              restore user and role definitions for the given database
          --dir=<directory-name>                                input directory, use '-' for stdin
          --gzip                                                decompress gzipped input
    
    restore options:
          --drop                                                drop each collection before import
          --dryRun                                              view summary without importing anything. recommended with verbosity
          --writeConcern=<write-concern>                        write concern options e.g. --writeConcern majority, --writeConcern '{w: 3, wtimeout: 500, fsync: true, j: true}' (defaults to 'majority') (default: majority)
          --noIndexRestore                                      don't restore indexes
          --noOptionsRestore                                    don't restore collection options
          --keepIndexVersion                                    don't update index version
          --maintainInsertionOrder                              preserve order of documents during restoration
      -j, --numParallelCollections=                             number of collections to restore in parallel (4 by default) (default: 4)
          --numInsertionWorkersPerCollection=                   number of insert operations to run concurrently per collection (1 by default) (default: 1)
          --stopOnError                                         stop restoring if an error is encountered on insert (off by default)
          --bypassDocumentValidation                            bypass document validation

举个栗子：

mongorestore -h 127.0.0.1 -d databasename dir