Ubuntu安装MySQL8.0

àì夳堔傛蜴生んèń 2023-07-08 02:44 5阅读 0赞

# Ubuntu安装MySQL8.0 #

> 作者：[Bright Xu][]

**作者：`Bright Xu`**

`2020`年`2`月`24`日

--------------------

### 文章目录 ###

*  Ubuntu安装MySQL8.0
 *   *  前言
     *  下载MySQL APT安装配置包
     *  安装MySQL APT配置包
     *  安装MySQL Server
     *  启动MySQL服务
     *  登录MySQL数据库
     *  卸载命令

--------------------

## 前言 ##

*  我们采用**APT**方式在Ubuntu系统中安装MySQL，这种方式安装的版本都是最新的版本，目前是8.0.19，通过这种方式安装好之后，所有的服务、环境变量都会启动和配置好，无须手动配置。
 *  由于MySQL和Ubuntu之间的版本适配原因，首先需要到MySQL官网下载MySQL APT安装配置包，下载地址为 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt/ 。下载后可使用几个简单的命令进行安装。
 *  我的系统环境：
    
    > Ubuntu 18.04 64位
    > 
    > MySQL 8.0.19

## 下载MySQL APT安装配置包 ##

*  首先访问 https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt/ 获取配置包下载地址  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]
 *  复制下载链接  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

目前，这里复制到的链接地址是

> https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config\_0.8.14-1\_all.deb

*  然后进入Ubuntu系统，打开终端，并输入以下命令，进行下载MySQL APT配置包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.14-1_all.deb

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

*  可以看到已下载好的MySQL APT配置包  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]  
    目前下载的配置包是：
    
    > mysql-apt-config\_0.8.14-1\_all.deb

## 安装MySQL APT配置包 ##

*  输入以下命令，进行安装：

sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.14-1_all.deb

安装过程中出现选择项，通过上下键选择OK继续安装即可。  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

*  安装完成之后，如下图所示。  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

## 安装MySQL Server ##

*  更新**APT**软件源：

sudo apt-get update

*  安装MySQL Server

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

*  输入 `y` 继续执行，弹出MySQL 8安装对话框，按回车键确定，进入设置root密码的对话框
 *  下载速度可能有点慢请耐心等待，可以尝试更换APT数据源，国内的镜像网站有很多，比如[阿里云][Link 1]、[清华大学镜像][Link 2]等等，至于如何更换，请自行[百度][Link 3]。

--------------------

*  设置 **root** 用户密码，这里密码暂时设为 **1234** 。  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

*  `Tab` 回车 **确定** 。  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]
 *  选择身份验证方式、密码加密方式，这里默认的即可。**回车 确定**  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]
 *  安装完成。  
    ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]
 *  MySQL 8安装好之后，会创建如下目录:
    
    > **数据库目录**：/var/lib/mysql/。
    > 
    > **配置文件**：/usr/share/mysql-8.0（命令及配置文件），/etc/mysql（如my.cnf）。
    > 
    > **相关命令**：/usr/bin（mysqladmin、mysqldump等命令）和/usr/sbin。
    > 
    > **启动脚本**：/etc/init.d/mysql（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）。

## 启动MySQL服务 ##

*  通过以上的APT方式安装好之后，所有的服务、环境变量都会启动和配置好，无须手动配置。

1.  服务器启动后端口查询
    
        sudo netstat -anp | grep mysql

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

1.  服务管理
    
     *  查看服务状态
    
        sudo service mysql status
    
     *  停止服务
    
        sudo service mysql stop
    
     *  启动服务
    
        sudo service mysql start
    
     *  重启服务
    
        sudo service mysql restart

## 登录MySQL数据库 ##

mysql -u root -p

然后输入密码 **1234** 。  
![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDEyOTA4NQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

登录成功。

## 卸载命令 ##

需要完全清理MySQL时，可以完全卸载。

sudo apt purge mysql-*
    sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql/ /var/lib/mysql
    sudo apt autoremove
    sudo apt autoclean

[Bright Xu]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44129085
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[Link 1]: https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/
[Link 2]: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/
[Link 3]: https://www.baidu.com
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