Nginx安装和启动

秒速五厘米 2023-07-03 08:15 8阅读 0赞

## 一：安装 ##

首先需要安装一个叫”epel-**release**”的软件包，这个软件包会自动配置yum的软件仓库。当然你也可以不安装这个包，自己配置软件仓库也是一样的。

yum install epel-release -y

> EPEL源-是什么?为什么安装？
> 
> EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux)是基于Fedora的一个项目，为“红帽系”的操作系统提供额外的软件包，适用于RHEL、CentOS和Scientific Linux

查看nginx源

yum list all | grep nginx

安装

yum  install  nginx -y

显示软件安装信息

rpm -ql nginx

/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
    /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
    /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf.default
    /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
    /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default
    /etc/nginx/koi-utf
    /etc/nginx/koi-win
    /etc/nginx/mime.types
    /etc/nginx/mime.types.default
    /etc/nginx/nginx.conf   //主配置文件
    /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default
    /etc/nginx/scgi_params
    /etc/nginx/scgi_params.default
    /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
    /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params.default
    /etc/nginx/win-utf
    /usr/bin/nginx-upgrade
    /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
    /usr/lib64/nginx/modules
    /usr/sbin/nginx   //主执行程序文件
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16.1
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16.1/CHANGES
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16.1/README
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16.1/README.dynamic
    /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16.1/UPGRADE-NOTES-1.6-to-1.10
    /usr/share/licenses/nginx-1.16.1
    /usr/share/licenses/nginx-1.16.1/LICENSE
    /usr/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm.gz
    /usr/share/man/man8/nginx-upgrade.8.gz
    /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
    /usr/share/nginx/html/404.html
    /usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
    /usr/share/nginx/html/en-US
    /usr/share/nginx/html/icons
    /usr/share/nginx/html/icons/poweredby.png
    /usr/share/nginx/html/img
    /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
    /usr/share/nginx/html/nginx-logo.png
    /usr/share/nginx/html/poweredby.png
    /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftdetect/nginx.vim
    /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/ftplugin/nginx.vim
    /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/indent/nginx.vim
    /usr/share/vim/vimfiles/syntax/nginx.vim
    /var/lib/nginx
    /var/lib/nginx/tmp
    /var/log/nginx

> 通过 /usr/sbin/nginx -h 查看执行命令

[root@izwz9cc9df2x1kjs5kptkmz admin]#  /usr/sbin/nginx  -h
    nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
    Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
    
    Options:
      -?,-h         : this help
      -v            : show version and exit
      -V            : show version and configure options then exit
      -t            : test configuration and exit
      -T            : test configuration, dump it and exit
      -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
      -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
      -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: /usr/share/nginx/)
      -c filename   : set configuration file (default: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf)   //启动时，指定配置文件
      -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file

## 二：启动 ##

启动命令：

/usr/sbin/nginx

启动失败

[root@izwz9cc9df2x1kjs5kptkmz admin]# /usr/sbin/nginx
    nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
    nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
    nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
    nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
    nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
    nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()

查看端口占用情况

[root@izwz9cc9df2x1kjs5kptkmz admin]# netstat -tnlp | grep 80
    tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2836/httpd

结束进程

kill -9    2836

再次启动

/usr/sbin/nginx

查看启动情况

[root@izwz9cc9df2x1kjs5kptkmz admin]# ps -ef | grep nginx
    root      4395     1  0 20:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx   //主
    nginx     4396  4395  0 20:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process                  //子进程
    root      4425  3453  0 20:33 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

通过配置文件启动

/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf