SpringBoot @Resource注入的坑

ゞ浴缸里的玫瑰 2023-07-01 10:56 26阅读 0赞

### 一、场景复现 ###

双kafka消费者配置

（1）第一个kafka

public class OneKafkaConfig {
    
        @Bean
        public KafkaListenerContainerFactory oneKafkaFactory(@Resource ConsumerFactory oneConsumerFactory) {
            ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConsumerFactory(oneConsumerFactory);
            factory.setConcurrency(10);
            factory.setBatchListener(true);
            factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);
    
            return factory;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public ConsumerFactory oneConsumerFactory(@Resource KafkaProperties oneKafkaProperties){
            return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory(oneKafkaProperties.buildConsumerProperties());
        }
    
    
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sys.kafka.one")
        @Bean
        public KafkaProperties oneKafkaProperties(){
            return new KafkaProperties();
        }

（2）第二个kafka

public class TwoKafkaConfig {
    
    
        @Bean
        public KafkaListenerContainerFactory twoKafkaFactory(@Resource ConsumerFactory twoConsumerFactory) {
            ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConsumerFactory(twoConsumerFactory);
            factory.setConcurrency(10);
            factory.setBatchListener(true);
            factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);
    
            return factory;
        }
    
        @Primary
        @Bean
        public ConsumerFactory twoConsumerFactory(@Resource KafkaProperties twoKafkaProperties){
    
             return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory(twoKafkaProperties.buildConsumerProperties());
        }
    
    
    
        @Primary
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sys.kafka.two")
    	@Bean
        public KafkaProperties twoKafkaProperties(){
           return new KafkaProperties();
        }
    }

启动项目，发现两个kafka的消费者都是指向同一个kafka，@Resource没有根据名字注入所以依赖的bean。

### 二、分析原因 ###

从debug模式下中发现：twoKafkaProperties、twoConsumerFactory、twoKafkaFactory依次创建。然后先是TwoConsumerFactory先注入创建oneKafkaFactory，而twoKafkaProperties bean先注入创建oneConsumerFactory，最后oneKafkaProperties才开始创建。

原因：@Resource注入之前先根据名字查询bean，找不到才根据类型进行bean注入。因为twoConsumerFactory为@Primary优先级高先创建，oneKafkaFactory创建的时候oneConsumerFactory 还没有创建，所以根据类型注入了twoConsumerFactory。

建议：多个类型相同的bean创建不要使用@Resource，应该使用@Autowired + @Qualifier或者重新继承bean的类型。

### 三、改造方式 ###

（1）@Autowiredv+ @Qualifier

public class OneKafkaConfig {
    
        @Bean
        public KafkaListenerContainerFactory oneKafkaFactory(@Autowired @Qualifier("oneConsumerFactory") ConsumerFactory oneConsumerFactory) {
            ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConsumerFactory(oneConsumerFactory);
            factory.setConcurrency(10);
            factory.setBatchListener(true);
            factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);
    
            return factory;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public ConsumerFactory oneConsumerFactory(@Autowired @Qualifier("oneKafkaProperties") KafkaProperties oneKafkaProperties){
            return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory(oneKafkaProperties.buildConsumerProperties());
        }
    
    
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sys.kafka.one")
        @Bean
        public KafkaProperties oneKafkaProperties(){
            return new KafkaProperties();
        }
    
    }

public class TwoKafkaConfig {
    
    
        @Bean
        public KafkaListenerContainerFactory twoKafkaFactory(@Autowired @Qualifier("twoConsumerFactory") ConsumerFactory twoConsumerFactory) {
            ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConsumerFactory(twoConsumerFactory);
            factory.setConcurrency(10);
            factory.setBatchListener(true);
            factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);
    
            return factory;
        }
    
        @Primary
        @Bean
        public ConsumerFactory twoConsumerFactory(@Autowired @Qualifier("twoKafkaProperties") KafkaProperties twoKafkaProperties){
    
             return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory(twoKafkaProperties.buildConsumerProperties());
        }
    
    
        @Primary
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sys.kafka.two")
        @Bean
        public KafkaProperties twoKafkaProperties(){
           return new KafkaProperties();
        }
    
    }

（2）重新继承bean的类型

public class OneKafkaConfig {
    
        @Bean
        public KafkaListenerContainerFactory oneKafkaFactory(@Autowired OneConsumerFactory oneConsumerFactory) {
            ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConsumerFactory(oneConsumerFactory);
            factory.setConcurrency(10);
            factory.setBatchListener(true);
            factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);
    
            return factory;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public OneConsumerFactory oneConsumerFactory(@Autowired OneKafkaProperties oneKafkaProperties){
            return new OneConsumerFactory(oneKafkaProperties.buildConsumerProperties());
        }
    
    
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sys.kafka.one")
        @Bean
        public OneKafkaProperties oneKafkaProperties(){
            return new OneKafkaProperties();
        }

public class TwoKafkaConfig {
    
    
        @Bean
        public KafkaListenerContainerFactory twoKafkaFactory(@Autowired TwoConsumerFactory twoConsumerFactory) {
            ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory();
            factory.setConsumerFactory(twoConsumerFactory);
            factory.setConcurrency(10);
            factory.setBatchListener(true);
            factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL_IMMEDIATE);
    
            return factory;
        }
    
        @Primary
        @Bean
        public TwoConsumerFactory twoConsumerFactory(@Autowired TwoKafkaProperties twoKafkaProperties){
    
             return new TwoConsumerFactory(twoKafkaProperties.buildConsumerProperties());
        }
    
    
    
        @Primary
        @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "sys.kafka.two")
    	@Bean
        public TwoKafkaProperties twoKafkaProperties(){
           return new TwoKafkaProperties();
        }
    }