Spring Cloud 系列-（三）-Cloud的各种服务以及使用-1

一时失言乱红尘 2023-06-30 01:41 13阅读 0赞

**10分钟了解全家桶概念：  [https://blog.csdn.net/CSDN\_000000000000001/article/details/90255707][https_blog.csdn.net_CSDN_000000000000001_article_details_90255707]**

**一、服务注册系列：**

> Zookeeper：
> 
> > 1.  专业的独立产品。常和Dubbo进行搭配建立微服务框架。
> > 2.  具体实现方法，详见地址：   [https://www.cnblogs.com/kyleinjava/p/9431491.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_kyleinjava_p_9431491.html]
> 
> Eureka： 
> 
> > 1.  原生，2.0遇到性能瓶颈，停止维护
> > 2.  具体实现方法，详见地址：  [https://www.cnblogs.com/sam-uncle/p/8954401.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_sam-uncle_p_8954401.html]
> 
> Consul：
> 
> > 1.  原生，GO语言开发
> > 2.  无关紧要，就不具体实现了
> 
> Nacos（**阿里巴巴最新开发**）：
> 
> > 1.  阿里巴巴新开发的注册中心插件，相当于：  Nacos = Spring Cloud  Eureka  +  Spring Cloud  Config                          
> > 2.  具体实现方法，详见地址：
> > 3.  [https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/717995][https_yq.aliyun.com_articles_717995]   或者   [https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_34280237/article/details/92929936][https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_34280237_article_details_92929936]
> > 4.  手册地址：  [https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/what-is-nacos.html][https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_what-is-nacos.html]
> > 
> >  *  【提供者】引入依赖：
> >     
> >         <dependency>
> >             <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
> >             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
> >             <version>${latest.version}</version>
> >         </dependency>
> >     
> >     **注意**：版本 [2.1.x.RELEASE][] 对应的是 Spring Boot 2.1.x 版本。版本 [2.0.x.RELEASE][2.1.x.RELEASE] 对应的是 Spring Boot 2.0.x 版本，版本 [1.5.x.RELEASE][2.1.x.RELEASE] 对应的是 Spring Boot 1.5.x 版本。
> >  *  【提供者】配置信息：
> > 
> >     server.port=8070
> >     spring.application.name=service-provider
> >     
> >     spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
> > 
> >  
> > 
> >  *  【提供者】通过 Spring Cloud 原生注解 `@EnableDiscoveryClient` 开启服务注册发现功能：
> > 
> >     @SpringBootApplication
> >     @EnableDiscoveryClient //这个注解可以省略
> >     public class NacosProviderApplication {
> >     
> >     	public static void main(String[] args) {
> >     		SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
> >     	}
> >     }
> > 
> >  *  【消费者】配置信息：
> > 
> >     server.port=8080
> >     spring.application.name=service-consumer
> >     
> >     spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
> > 
> >  *  【消费者】通过 Spring Cloud 原生注解 `@EnableDiscoveryClient` 开启服务注册发现功能：
> > 
> >     @SpringBootApplication
> >     @EnableDiscoveryClient //这个注解可以省略
> >     public class NacosProviderApplication {
> >     
> >     	public static void main(String[] args) {
> >     		SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
> >     	}
> >     }

**二、服务调用系列。**

>  *  ** 可通过Ribbon+RestTemplate进行服务调用和负载均衡：**
>     
>     **Ribbon知识讲解：**
>     
>     > **概念：**
>     > 
>     > **      **和nginx类似，都是用来做负载均衡处理的，不同的是，Ribbon是用来做本地服务的负载均衡，Nginx是用来做客户端请求的负载均衡。
>     > 
>     > （Nginx相当于医院的大门，当病患进来（客户端请求）之后，找对应的科室，进入科室之后再分配到不忙碌的医生（通过Ribbon本地服务负载均衡进行分配请求 ））
>     > 
>     > **Ribbon核心组件IRule：**
>     > 
>     > 根据特定算法中从服务列表选取一个要访问的服务。
>     > 
>     > ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]
>     > 
>     > **在SpringBoot项目中变更Ribbon负载均衡规则：**
>     > 
>     > （官网强调，不能讲规则配置类被@ComponentScan注解扫描到，所以需要在主启动类以外新建一个包放入Ribbon规则配置类。）
>     > 
>     > ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]
>     > 
>     > 规则配置类：
>     > 
>     > ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]
>     > 
>     > 最后在启动类上加上 @RibbonClient 注解，并指定要调用的服务以及使用的Ribbon规则。
>     > 
>     > ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]
>     > 
>     >  
>     > 
>     > ** 负载均衡的算法：**
>     > 
>     > ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]
>     > 
>     >   
> 
>  
> 
>  
> 
>  *  **通过使用openFeign（自带Ribbon）进行服务接口调用：**
> 
> 在【消费者】的pom中引入 openFeign 依赖，去调用【服务者】中提供的接口：
> 
> 加入依赖(版本号由 Spring Cloud  进行管理)
> 
>     <dependencies>
>       <dependency>
>                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
>                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
>       </dependency>
>     </dependencies>
>     
>     
>     
>     <-- Spring Cloud  版本管理 -->
>     <dependencyManagement>
>     	        <dependencies>
>     	            <dependency>
>     	                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
>     	                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
>     	                <version>Edgware.RELEASE</version>
>     	                <type>pom</type>
>     	                <scope>import</scope>
>     	            </dependency>
>     	        </dependencies>
>     </dependencyManagement>
> 
>  启动类添加 @EnableFeignClients 注解 、
> 
>     @SpringBootApplication
>     @EnableDiscoveryClient
>     @EnableFeignClients
>     public class NacosConsumerFeignApplication {
>         public static void main(String[] args) {
>             SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);
>         }
>     }
> 
> 创建Feign接口、
> 
>     @FeignClient(value = "nacos-provider") //value值为注册中心中服务者的ID名
>     public interface EchoService {
>     
>         @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{message}")
>         String echo(@PathVariable("message") String message);
>     }
> 
> Controller中调用服务者提供的服务接口、
> 
>     @RestController
>     public class NacosConsumerFeignController {
>     
>         @Autowired
>         private EchoService echoService;
>     
>         @GetMapping(value = "/echo/hi")
>         public String echo() {
>             return echoService.echo("Hi Feign");
>         }
>     }
> 
> **openFeign请求时长设置：**
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]
> 
>  
> 
>

** **

**三、服务降级系列。**

>  *  **具体解决的情况：**
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]
> 
>  *  **Hystrix服务：**![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][] ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]
> 
>  
> 
>  *   服务降级：[https://blog.csdn.net/chengqiuming/article/details/81412510][https_blog.csdn.net_chengqiuming_article_details_81412510]
>  *  服务熔断：[https://www.cnblogs.com/yufeng218/p/11042555.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_yufeng218_p_11042555.html]
>  *  仪表盘监控：[https://blog.csdn.net/jasnet\_u/article/details/82177130][https_blog.csdn.net_jasnet_u_article_details_82177130]
> 
>  仪表盘图解：
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]
> 
>  
> 
>

**四、服务网关系列。**

> **Spring Cloud Gateway：**
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]
> 
>   ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]
> 
>  ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]
> 
>  ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]
> 
>  ![20200418155045488.png][]
> 
>  
> 
>

**分布式配置中心系列。**

> **Spring Cloud  Config：**
> 
> ** **![20200418210849841.png][]
> 
> ** **![20200418211221626.png][]
> 
> **  一篇就够： **[https://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/11242128.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_fengzheng_p_11242128.html]
> 
> ** **

**Bus消息总线系列。**

> 当我们手动更新了 Spring Cloud Config的配置文件后，可通过Spring Cloud Bus 进行广播通知让服务更新自己的配置文件以达到动态刷新效果。
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]
> 
> **一篇就够： **[https://www.cnblogs.com/rmxd/p/11586667.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_rmxd_p_11586667.html]

**Spring Cloud  Stream 消息驱动。**

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]
> 
>  ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]
> 
>   
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]
> 
> **一篇就够： [https://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/11576661.html][https_www.cnblogs.com_fengzheng_p_11576661.html]**

**Spring Cloud Sleuth分布式请求链路追踪系列。**

> **前言：**
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]
> 
>  
> 
> ** 一篇就够： **[https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000018986743][https_segmentfault.com_a_1190000018986743]

**CAP知识讲解：**

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

** **

[https_blog.csdn.net_CSDN_000000000000001_article_details_90255707]: https://blog.csdn.net/CSDN_000000000000001/article/details/90255707
[https_www.cnblogs.com_kyleinjava_p_9431491.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/kyleinjava/p/9431491.html
[https_www.cnblogs.com_sam-uncle_p_8954401.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/sam-uncle/p/8954401.html
[https_yq.aliyun.com_articles_717995]: https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/717995
[https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_34280237_article_details_92929936]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34280237/article/details/92929936
[https_nacos.io_zh-cn_docs_what-is-nacos.html]: https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/what-is-nacos.html
[2.1.x.RELEASE]: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200417211121898.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1RpbWVndXlz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[https_blog.csdn.net_chengqiuming_article_details_81412510]: https://blog.csdn.net/chengqiuming/article/details/81412510
[https_www.cnblogs.com_yufeng218_p_11042555.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/yufeng218/p/11042555.html
[https_blog.csdn.net_jasnet_u_article_details_82177130]: https://blog.csdn.net/jasnet_u/article/details/82177130
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[20200418155045488.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200418155045488.png
[20200418210849841.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200418210849841.png
[20200418211221626.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200418211221626.png
[https_www.cnblogs.com_fengzheng_p_11242128.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/11242128.html
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[https_www.cnblogs.com_rmxd_p_11586667.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/rmxd/p/11586667.html
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[https_www.cnblogs.com_fengzheng_p_11576661.html]: https://www.cnblogs.com/fengzheng/p/11576661.html
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[https_segmentfault.com_a_1190000018986743]: https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000018986743
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