一篇文章上手《全文检索引擎Solr》

灰太狼 2023-06-27 11:17 19阅读 0赞

## Solr介绍 ##

Solr具有高度的可靠性，可伸缩性和容错能力，可提供分布式索引，复制和负载平衡查询，自动故障转移和恢复，集中式配置等。Solr为许多世界上最大的互联网站点提供搜索和导航功能。

Solr是具有REST类API的独立企业搜索服务器。您可以通过JSON，XML，CSV或HTTP二进制文件将文档放入其中（称为“索引编制”）。您通过HTTP GET查询它，并接收JSON，XML，CSV或二进制结果。

### 先进的全文本搜索功能 ###

在Lucene ™的支持下，Solr实现了强大的匹配功能，包括短语，通配符，联接，分组等等，跨任何数据类型

### 针对大流量进行了优化 ###

Solr已在全球范围内得到广泛验证

### 基于标准的开放接口-XML，JSON和HTTP ###

Solr使用您用来使应用程序构建快速的工具

### 全面的管理界面 ###

Solr附带内置的响应式管理用户界面，可轻松控制您的Solr实例

### 易于监控 ###

需要深入了解您的实例吗？Solr通过JMX发布负载指标数据

### 高度可扩展和容错 ###

Solr建立在经过实战检验的Apache Zookeeper之上，可以轻松地上下扩展。Solr开箱即用地进行复制，分发，重新平衡和容错。

### 灵活且适应性强，配置简单 ###

Solr's旨在满足您的所有需求，同时简化配置

### 近实时索引 ###

想立即查看您的更新吗？Solr利用Lucene的近实时索引功能来确保您在看到内容时能够看到它

### 可扩展的插件架构 ###

Solr发布了许多定义明确的扩展点，这些扩展点使插入索引和查询时间插件变得容易。当然，由于它是Apache许可的开放源代码，因此您可以更改所需的任何代码！

## 安装 ##

官网下载地址：[http://lucene.apache.org/solr/downloads.html][http_lucene.apache.org_solr_downloads.html]

下载速度可以快很多：[https://download.csdn.net/download/tangcv/12084451][https_download.csdn.net_download_tangcv_12084451]

### windows环境下载 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

### 我的是solr-7.7.2.zip版本，解压后 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

bin：solr的命令文件  
contrib：solr的插件  
dist： solr的jar包  
docs: solr文档  
example： solr示例  
licenses： solr证书  
server： solr服务器核心文件

### 配置环境变量方便启动：solr的bin目录 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

### 启动 ###

solr start

不愿配置环境遍历的

//进入solr bin目录
    solr.cmd start

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

其它命令
    solr start –p 端口号 单机版启动solr服务（默认端口号8983）
    solr restart –p 端口号 重启solr服务
    solr stop –p 端口号关闭solr服务

打开网页[http://localhost:8983][http_localhost_8983]访问进入solr页面即安装完成。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

# ![Solrçé¢åè½1][Solr_1] #

# ![Solrçé¢åè½5][Solr_5] #

# spring boot中使用 #

在solr页面创建core

solr create -c demo

![20200106142650190.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

此时在solr目录下会生成一个demo文件：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

进入conf目录下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

在Solr的配置文件里，有两个文件很重要，一个是`solrconfig.xml`，还有一个就是`schema.xml，`Solr版本中（Solr5之前），在创建core的时候，Solr会自动创建好schema.xml，在之后的版本中，生成的managed-schema就是schema.xml,直接把managed-schema文件重命名为schema.xml

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

基础配置完成

## spring boot项目中增删改查数据 ##

### spring boot中添加solr依赖 ###

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-solr</artifactId>
    </dependency>

### yml配置solr端口信息 ###

spring:
      data:
        solr:
          host: http://localhost:8983/solr/demo

### 添加实体类 UserSolr ###

import lombok.Data;
    import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.beans.Field;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    /**
     * @author ：抽象书生
     * @date ：Created in 2020/1/6 9:34
     * @Time: 9:34
     * @description：搜素引擎实体类
     * @modified By：
     * @version: 1.0$
     */
    @Data
    public class UserSolr implements Serializable {
    
        //必须实现可序列化接口，要在网络上传输
        @Field("id")//使用这个注释，里面的名字是根据你在solr数据库中配置的来决定
        private String id;
    
        @Field("item_name")
        private String name;
    
        @Field("item_sex")
        private String sex;
    
        @Field("item_address")
        private String address;
    
        @Field("item_host")
        private Integer host;
    
    }

### SolrService ###

public interface SolrService {
    
        List<UserSolr> addUser();
    }

### SolrServiceImpl ###

@Service
    public class SolrServiceImpl implements SolrService {
    
        @Override
        public List<UserSolr> addUser() {
            List<UserSolr> list = new ArrayList<>();
            UserSolr user = new UserSolr();
            for (int i = 0; i <5 ; i++) {
                user.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-",""));
                user.setName("jack"+i);
                if( i % 2 ==0) {
                    user.setSex("男");
                }else {
                    user.setSex("女");
                }
                user.setAddress("兰州市安宁区666"+i);
                user.setHost(73040+i);
                list.add(user);
            }
            return list;
        }
    }

### SolrController ###

import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import me.zhengjie.aop.log.Log;
    import me.zhengjie.domain.UserSolr;
    import me.zhengjie.service.SolrService;
    import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrClient;
    import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrQuery;
    import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServerException;
    import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.QueryResponse;
    import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.response.UpdateResponse;
    import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocument;
    import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;
    import org.apache.solr.common.util.NamedList;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    
    @Slf4j
    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("/api/solr")
    @Api(tags = "工具：搜索引擎")
    @Component
    public class SolrController {
    
        @Autowired
        private SolrService solrService;
    
        @Autowired
        private SolrClient solrClient;
    
        //批量增加
        @GetMapping("/addUsers")
        @Log("批量增加")
        @ApiOperation("批量增加")
        @ResponseBody
        public void addUsers() throws IOException, SolrServerException {
            List<UserSolr> users = solrService.addUser();
    
            solrClient.addBeans(users);
            solrClient.commit();
        }
        //单个增加
        @GetMapping("/addUser")
        @Log("单个增加")
        @ApiOperation("单个增加")
        @ResponseBody
        public void addUser() throws IOException, SolrServerException {
            UserSolr user = new UserSolr();
            user.setId("456788");
            user.setName("王强");
            user.setAddress("北京市");
            user.setSex("女");
            user.setHost(456752);
            solrClient.addBean(user);
            solrClient.commit();
        }
    
        //根据di查询
        @GetMapping("/getByIdFromSolr/{id}")
        @Log("根据di查询")
        @ApiOperation("根据di查询")
        @ResponseBody
        public  void getByIdFromSolr(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IOException, SolrServerException {
    
            //根据id查询内容
            SolrDocument solrDocument = solrClient.getById(id);
            //获取filedName
            Collection<String> fieldNames = solrDocument.getFieldNames();
            //获取file名和内容
            Map<String, Object> fieldValueMap = solrDocument.getFieldValueMap();
    
    //            int childDocumentCount = solrDocument.getChildDocumentCount();
    
            List<SolrDocument> childDocuments = solrDocument.getChildDocuments();
    
            System.out.println("byId=================="+solrDocument);
            System.out.println("fieldNames=================="+fieldNames);
            System.out.println("fieldValueMap=================="+fieldValueMap);
    //            System.out.println("childDocumentCount=================="+childDocumentCount);
            System.out.println("childDocuments=================="+childDocuments);
    
        }
        //根据di删除
        @DeleteMapping("/delById/{id}")
        @Log("根据di删除")
        @ApiOperation("根据di删除")
        @ResponseBody
        public  void  delById(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IOException, SolrServerException {
            //根据id删除信息
            UpdateResponse updateResponse = solrClient.deleteById(id);
            //执行的时间
            long elapsedTime = updateResponse.getElapsedTime();
    
            int qTime = updateResponse.getQTime();
            //请求地址
            String requestUrl = updateResponse.getRequestUrl();
            //请求的结果{responseHeader={status=0,QTime=2}}
            NamedList<Object> response = updateResponse.getResponse();
            //请求结果的头{status=0,QTime=2}
            NamedList responseHeader = updateResponse.getResponseHeader();
            //请求的状态 0
            int status = updateResponse.getStatus();
    
            System.out.println("elapsedTime==========="+elapsedTime);
            System.out.println("qTime==========="+qTime);
            System.out.println("requestUrl==========="+requestUrl);
            System.out.println("response==========="+response);
            System.out.println("responseHeader==========="+responseHeader);
            System.out.println("status==========="+status);
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/queryFromSolr")
        @Log("queryFromSolr")
        @ApiOperation("queryFromSolr")
        public  Object  queryFromSolr() throws IOException, SolrServerException {
            //第一种方式
    //        Map<String, String> queryParamMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
    //        queryParamMap.put("q", "*:*");
    //        queryParamMap.put("f1","id,name");
    //        queryParamMap.put("sort","id asc");
    //        MapSolrParams mapSolrParams = new MapSolrParams(queryParamMap);
    //        solrClient.query(mapSolrParams);
    
            //第二种方式
            SolrQuery solrQuery  = new SolrQuery();
            solrQuery.setQuery("*:*");
    //        solrQuery.addField("*");
            solrQuery.add("q","id:4567");
    
            solrQuery.setSort("id", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc);
            //设置查询的条数
            solrQuery.setRows(50);
            //设置查询的开始
            solrQuery.setStart(0);
            //设置高亮
            solrQuery.setHighlight(true);
            //设置高亮的字段
            solrQuery.addHighlightField("item_name");
            //设置高亮的样式
            solrQuery.setHighlightSimplePre("<font color='red'>");
            solrQuery.setHighlightSimplePost("</font>");
            System.out.println(solrQuery);
            QueryResponse response = solrClient.query(solrQuery);
            //返回高亮显示结果
            Map<String, Map<String, List<String>>> highlighting = response.getHighlighting();
            //response.getResults();查询返回的结果
            SolrDocumentList documentList = response.getResults();
            for (SolrDocument solrDocument : documentList) {
                System.out.println("solrDocument==============" +solrDocument);
            }
            return documentList;
        }
    
    }

## 开始测试： ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

### 单个增加： ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

### 成功 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

### 批量增加 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

### 根据di删除 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

### 根据di查询 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

![20200106145800381.png][]

## ##

本文参考：[http://lucene.apache.org/solr/][http_lucene.apache.org_solr]

本文参考：[https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_42129558/article/details/82682265][https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_42129558_article_details_82682265]

[http_lucene.apache.org_solr_downloads.html]: http://lucene.apache.org/solr/downloads.html
[https_download.csdn.net_download_tangcv_12084451]: https://download.csdn.net/download/tangcv/12084451
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106135623539.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020010614024454.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106140534345.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106141530850.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[http_localhost_8983]: http://localhost:8983/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020010614080658.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[Solr_1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20161102204856683
[Solr_5]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20161102205030982
[20200106142650190.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106142650190.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106142725682.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106142900485.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106143102208.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106143425619.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106144933900.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106145019351.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106145249271.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106145449136.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106145602316.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106145709952.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3Rhbmdjdg==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200106145800381.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200106145800381.png
[http_lucene.apache.org_solr]: http://lucene.apache.org/solr/
[https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_42129558_article_details_82682265]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42129558/article/details/82682265