第三方服务之Bmob——答题系统小项目

本是古典何须时尚 2023-06-25 08:18 11阅读 0赞

项目意义：

该项目实现简单，比较难处理的就是选择题的按钮复用效果

该项目可以实时更新考试题目和考试内容，灵活性高

驾照宝典的科目一答题系统和这个非常类似

具体思路：

1、项目可以分3个页面来分析：选择试题页面、填写信息页面、开始考试页面。

2、选择试题页面：从Bmob后台获取Exam表中考试试题信息，通过一个GridView展示出来，将选择的试题名称传到下一个页面。

3、填写信息页面：获取用户填写的信息和上个页面传下来的试题名称，查询后台Grade表中是否存在这条数据，如果存在，则通知已经考试完成，若不存在，则将数据用户信息传到下一个页面，进入开始考试页面

4、开始考试页面：获取Exam表中的examTable数据，对应查询后台Question\_x表，获取考试试题，考试开始，记录进来考试的时间到SharePreference中，与上次最后一次考试时间做比较，是否超过了考试限制时间，若超过则记分为0分，将数据添加到后台Grade表中。考试完成后，计算单选题分数为1分，多选题分数为2分，总分添加到后台分数数据，结束考试。

项目介绍：

![Center][]

项目效果图：

![Center 1][]

项目工程结构图：

![Center 2][]

后台数据库表的结构：（右键用新标签打开看得清晰一点）

![Center 3][]

![Center 4][]

![Center 5][]

步骤一：javaBean的介绍

**isExaming：该考试是否已经关闭  
examTable：用来取出后台考试题目数据表（后台可以有多个题目库，只要这个字段对应数据表即可）**

public class Exam extends BmobObject{ 
        //试题名称
        private String examName;
        //开始时间到截止时间
        private String startAndEndTime;
        //考试限制时间（单位、分）
        private String timeLimit;
        //对应试题库的表名
        private String examTable;
        //考试题目数量
        private int examLimit;
        //是否已经关闭了该考试
        private Boolean isExaming;
     
        public String getExamName() { 
            return examName;
        }
     
        public void setExamName(String examName) { 
            this.examName = examName;
        }
     
        public String getStartAndEndTime() { 
            return startAndEndTime;
        }
     
        public void setStartAndEndTime(String startAndEndTime) { 
            this.startAndEndTime = startAndEndTime;
        }
     
        public String getTimeLimit() { 
            return timeLimit;
        }
     
        public void setTimeLimit(String timeLimit) { 
            this.timeLimit = timeLimit;
        }
     
        public String getExamTable() { 
            return examTable;
        }
     
        public void setExamTable(String examTable) { 
            this.examTable = examTable;
        }
     
        public int getExamLimit() { 
            return examLimit;
        }
     
        public void setExamLimit(int examLimit) { 
            this.examLimit = examLimit;
        }
     
        public Boolean getExaming() { 
            return isExaming;
        }
     
        public void setExaming(Boolean examing) { 
            isExaming = examing;
        }
    }

**分数统计类：**

public class Grade extends BmobObject{ 
        //记录考试名称
        private String examName;
        //记录用户学号
        private String userId;
        //记录用户姓名
        private String userName;
        //记录用户分数
        private int grade;
        //记录用户学院
        private String academic;
     
        public String getAcademic() { 
            return academic;
        }
     
        public void setAcademic(String academic) { 
            this.academic = academic;
        }
     
        public String getExamName() { 
            return examName;
        }
     
        public void setExamName(String examName) { 
            this.examName = examName;
        }
     
        public String getUserId() { 
            return userId;
        }
     
        public void setUserId(String userId) { 
            this.userId = userId;
        }
     
        public String getUserName() { 
            return userName;
        }
     
        public void setUserName(String userName) { 
            this.userName = userName;
        }
     
        public int getGrade() { 
            return grade;
        }
     
        public void setGrade(int grade) { 
            this.grade = grade;
        }
    }

**试题实体类：**

public class Question extends BmobObject { 
        /** * 解析JsonArray，创建题目对象 */
        public static List<Question> createFromCursor(JSONArray array) { 
            if (array.length() > 0 && array != null) { 
                List<Question> list = new ArrayList<>();
                for (int i = 0; i < array.length(); i++) { 
                    Question question = new Question();
                    JSONObject object = null;
                    try { 
                        object = (JSONObject) array.get(i);
                        question.setQuestion(object.getString("question"));
                        question.setAnswerA(object.getString("answerA"));
                        question.setAnswerB(object.getString("answerB"));
                        question.setAnswerC(object.getString("answerC"));
                        question.setAnswerD(object.getString("answerD"));
                        question.setRight(object.getString("right"));
                        question.setType(object.getInt("type"));
                        question.setObjectId(object.getString("objectId"));
                        list.add(question);
                    } catch (JSONException e) { 
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                return list;
            }
            return null;
        }
     
        //试题题目
        private String question;
        //试题类别 0--单选 1--多选
        private int type;
        //试题A选项内容
        private String answerA;
        //试题B选项内容
        private String answerB;
        //试题C选项内容
        private String answerC;
        //试题D选项内容
        private String answerD;
        //题目正确答案
        private String right;
        //记录点击的单选选项，默认不选
        private int selectedId = -1;
        //记录点击的多选选项，默认全不选
        private int[] selectedIds = { -1,-1,-1,-1};
     
        public String getQuestion() { 
            return question;
        }
     
        public void setQuestion(String question) { 
            this.question = question;
        }
     
        public int getType() { 
            return type;
        }
     
        public void setType(int type) { 
            this.type = type;
        }
     
        public String getAnswerA() { 
            return answerA;
        }
     
        public void setAnswerA(String answerA) { 
            this.answerA = answerA;
        }
     
        public String getAnswerB() { 
            return answerB;
        }
     
        public void setAnswerB(String answerB) { 
            this.answerB = answerB;
        }
     
        public String getAnswerC() { 
            return answerC;
        }
     
        public void setAnswerC(String answerC) { 
            this.answerC = answerC;
        }
     
        public String getAnswerD() { 
            return answerD;
        }
     
        public void setAnswerD(String answerD) { 
            this.answerD = answerD;
        }
     
        public String getRight() { 
            return right;
        }
     
        public void setRight(String right) { 
            this.right = right;
        }
     
        public int getSelectedId() { 
            return selectedId;
        }
     
        public void setSelectedId(int selectedId) { 
            this.selectedId = selectedId;
        }
     
        public int[] getSelectedIds() { 
            return selectedIds;
        }
     
        public void setSelectedIds(int[] selectedIds) { 
            this.selectedIds = selectedIds;
        }
    }

步骤二：答题逻辑的实现  
第一步：定义变量和找到布局控件和绑定控件的点击事件：  
一个是顶部的试题，一个题目内容和四个答案按钮，下一题和上一题按钮，一个试题下面的计数器（9个）

//考试时间已过，发送0分只能一次
        private int num = 0;
        //记录时长文件名
        private String md5;
        //试题唯一标识
        private String objectId;
        //题目标题
        private TextView tv_question;
        private RadioButton[] radioButtons;
        //题目计数器，如：1/80
        private TextView tv_num;
        //上一题，下一题按钮
        private Button bt_next, bt_previous;
        //当前题目指针
        private int current = 0;
        //试题标题
        private TextView tv_title;
        private String title;
        //数据
        private List<Question> list;
        //对应表名
        private String tableName;
        //考试分数
        public int grade;
        //多选选项
        private int[] selectIds;
        //用户数据
        private String userId, userName, academic;
        //限时时间
        private String timeLimit;
        private long timeOver;
        //剩余时间
        private long timeRest;
        //当前时间，最后一次考试时间
        private long currentTime, lastTime;
        //Handler
        private final static int END_TEST = 1;
     
        private Handler mHandler = new Handler() { 
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) { 
                switch (msg.what) { 
                    case END_TEST:
                        //时间到结束考试
                        endTest();
                        break;
                }
            }
        };

@Override
        public void initViews() { 
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_exam);
            //试题名称标题
            tv_title = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
            //题目标题
            tv_question = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_question);
            //题目计数器，如：1/80
            tv_num = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_num);
            //题目选项的答案
            radioButtons = new RadioButton[4];
            radioButtons[0] = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.tv_answerA);
            radioButtons[1] = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.tv_answerB);
            radioButtons[2] = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.tv_answerC);
            radioButtons[3] = (RadioButton) findViewById(R.id.tv_answerD);
            //底部按钮
            bt_next = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_next);
            bt_previous = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_previous);
        }
     
        @Override
        public void initListener() { 
            bt_next.setOnClickListener(this);
            bt_previous.setOnClickListener(this);
            radioButtons[0].setOnClickListener(this);
            radioButtons[1].setOnClickListener(this);
            radioButtons[2].setOnClickListener(this);
            radioButtons[3].setOnClickListener(this);
        }

第二步：初始化数据：

用考试唯一标识和考生信息计算出md5，用来当做考试计时的唯一识别，因为项目中可以存在很多种考试，如不能区分，就会导致计时错误，保证了计时的准确性和唯一性。

如果计时未发现超过限时时间，则初始化题目

@Override
        public void initData() { 
            //初始化试题标题
            title = getIntent().getStringExtra("title");
            tv_title.setText(title);
            //获取考试唯一标识
            objectId = getIntent().getStringExtra("objectId").substring(5);
            //获取用户信息
            userId = getIntent().getStringExtra("userId");
            userName = getIntent().getStringExtra("userName");
            academic = getIntent().getStringExtra("academic");
            //获取表名
            tableName = getIntent().getStringExtra("tableName");
            //考生唯一标识
            try { 
                md5 = MD5Encoder.encode(objectId + userId + userName + academic);
            } catch (Exception e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            //计时处理
            readTime(md5);
            //初始化考试分数
            grade = 0;
            //初始化多选数组
            selectIds = new int[]{ -1, -1, -1, -1};
            //初始化题目
            initQuestionData();
        }

/** * 计时 */
        private void readTime(String md5) { 
            //获取限时时间
            timeLimit = getIntent().getStringExtra("timeLimit");
            //计算限时时间毫秒数
            timeOver = Integer.parseInt(timeLimit) * 60 * 1000;
            //当前时间
            currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            //获取最后一次时间
            lastTime = PrefUtils.getLong(md5, currentTime, this);
            //计算剩余时间: 限时时间 - 使用时间
            timeRest = timeOver - (currentTime - lastTime);
            //计时开始
            if (timeRest > 0) { 
                LogUtils.i("lastTime", lastTime + "");
                LogUtils.i("currentTime", currentTime + "");
                LogUtils.i("timeRest", timeRest + "");
                mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(END_TEST, timeRest);
            } else { 
                ToastUtils.showToast(this, "您之前开过试题，限制时间已过");
                //提交后台数据只能一次，这里的代码只会执行一次，因为你可以重复进入该试题，会导致多条数据相同
                if (num == 0) { 
                    sendService(0);
                    num++;
                }
                finish();
            }
        }

/** * 提交数据到服务器 */
        private void sendService(int grade) { 
            //添加数据
            Grade g = new Grade();
            g.setExamName(title);
            g.setGrade(grade);
            g.setUserId(userId);
            g.setUserName(userName);
            g.setAcademic(academic);
            g.save(this, new SaveListener() { 
     
                @Override
                public void onSuccess() { 
                    ToastUtils.showToast(ExamActivity.this, "考试成功");
     
                }
     
                @Override
                public void onFailure(int code, String arg0) { 
                    ToastUtils.showToast(ExamActivity.this, "考试失败，请重新考试");
                }
            });
            finish();
        }

/** * 初始化题目 */
        private void initQuestionData() { 
            BmobQuery bmobQuery = new BmobQuery(tableName);
            bmobQuery.setCachePolicy(BmobQuery.CachePolicy.NETWORK_ONLY);
            bmobQuery.order("type");
            bmobQuery.setLimit(200);
            bmobQuery.findObjects(this, new FindCallback() { 
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(JSONArray arg0) { 
                    if (arg0.length() > 0 && arg0 != null) { 
                        list = Question.createFromCursor(arg0);
                        //题目计数器
                        tv_num.setText("1/" + list.size());
                        //目的：随机取题
                        Collections.shuffle(list);
                        //开始考试
                        startTest(current);
                    } else { 
                        ToastUtils.showToast(ExamActivity.this, "该考试没有题目");
                    }
                }
     
                @Override
                public void onFailure(int arg0, String arg1) { 
     
                }
            });
        }

/** * 开始考试 * * @param position */
        private void startTest(int position) { 
            Question question = list.get(position);
            if (question.getType() == 0) { 
                tv_question.setText("（单选题）" + question.getQuestion());
                radioButtons[0].setText(question.getAnswerA());
                radioButtons[1].setText(question.getAnswerB());
                radioButtons[2].setText(question.getAnswerC());
                radioButtons[3].setText(question.getAnswerD());
                //解决RadioButton的复用问题
                resetChecked(position);
            } else if (question.getType() == 1) { 
                tv_question.setText("（多选题）" + question.getQuestion());
                radioButtons[0].setText(question.getAnswerA());
                radioButtons[1].setText(question.getAnswerB());
                radioButtons[2].setText(question.getAnswerC());
                radioButtons[3].setText(question.getAnswerD());
                //解决RadioButton的复用问题
                resetCheckeds(position);
            }
     
        }

/** * 重置单选选项 */
        private void resetChecked(int position) { 
            radioButtons[0].setChecked(false);
            radioButtons[1].setChecked(false);
            radioButtons[2].setChecked(false);
            radioButtons[3].setChecked(false);
     
            Question question = list.get(position);
            int selectedId = question.getSelectedId();
            if (selectedId != -1) { 
                radioButtons[selectedId].setChecked(true);
            }
        }
     
        /** * 重置多选选项 */
        private void resetCheckeds(int position) { 
            radioButtons[0].setChecked(false);
            radioButtons[1].setChecked(false);
            radioButtons[2].setChecked(false);
            radioButtons[3].setChecked(false);
     
            Question question = list.get(position);
            for (int ids : question.getSelectedIds()) { 
                if (ids != -1) { 
                    radioButtons[ids].setChecked(true);
                }
            }
        }

第三步：处理点击事件：

@Override
        public void processClick(View v) { 
            switch (v.getId()) { 
                case R.id.bt_next:
                    //下一题
                    goNext();
                    break;
                case R.id.bt_previous:
                    //上一题
                    goPrevious();
                    break;
                case R.id.tv_answerA:
                    //被点了之后的记录一下
                    if (selectIds[0] == 0) { 
                        selectIds[0] = -1;
                    } else { 
                        selectIds[0] = 0;
                    }
                    //在这里处理记录后的结果
                    //第一个参数是当前试题的位置
                    //第二个参数表示单选选了第一个
                    //第三个参数表示多选选了第一个的数组
                    selectChecked(current, 0, selectIds);
                    break;
                case R.id.tv_answerB:
                    if (selectIds[1] == 1) { 
                        selectIds[1] = -1;
                    } else { 
                        selectIds[1] = 1;
                    }
                    selectChecked(current, 1, selectIds);
                    break;
                case R.id.tv_answerC:
                    if (selectIds[2] == 2) { 
                        selectIds[2] = -1;
                    } else { 
                        selectIds[2] = 2;
                    }
                    selectChecked(current, 2, selectIds);
                    break;
                case R.id.tv_answerD:
                    if (selectIds[3] == 3) { 
                        selectIds[3] = -1;
                    } else { 
                        selectIds[3] = 3;
                    }
                    selectChecked(current, 3, selectIds);
                    break;
            }
        }

/** * 设置单选选项，并重置一下 */
        private void setChecked(int position, int selectId) { 
            Question question = list.get(position);
            question.setSelectedId(selectId);
            resetChecked(position);
        }
     
        /** * 设置多选选项,并重置一下 */
        private void setCheckeds(int position, int[] selectIds) { 
            Question question = list.get(position);
            question.setSelectedIds(selectIds);
            resetCheckeds(position);
        }
     
        /** * 选择设置选项 */
        private void selectChecked(int position, int selectId, int[] selectIds) { 
            Question question = list.get(position);
            if (question.getType() == 0) { 
                setChecked(position, selectId);
            } else if (question.getType() == 1) { 
                setCheckeds(position, selectIds);
            }
        }

/** * 下一题 */
        private void goNext() { 
            if (current < list.size() - 1) { 
                current++;
                startTest(current);
                //初始化多选数组，可优化
                selectIds = list.get(current).getSelectedIds();
            } else if (current == list.size() - 1) { 
                final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
                builder.setTitle("答题完成");
                builder.setMessage("确定要上交题目吗？");
                builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
     
                    }
                });
                builder.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { 
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 
                        endTest();
                    }
                });
                builder.show();
            }
            //题目计数器
            tv_num.setText((current + 1) + "/" + list.size());
        }
     
        /** * 上一题 */
        private void goPrevious() { 
            if (current > 0) { 
                current--;
                startTest(current);
                //初始化多选数组，可优化
                selectIds = list.get(current).getSelectedIds();
            }
            //题目计数器
            tv_num.setText((current + 1) + "/" + list.size());
        }

第四步：计算分数结束考试，答案是按照A-1、B-2、C-3、D-4这样的对应关系判断的，所以在选项的索引上+1

/** * 考试结束，计算分数，并提交数据 */
        private void endTest() { 
            //计算分数
            for (Question q : list) { 
                if (q.getType() == 0) { 
                    if (q.getRight().equals("" + (q.getSelectedId() + 1))) { 
                        grade++;
                    }
                } else if (q.getType() == 1) { 
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                    for (int ids : q.getSelectedIds()) { 
                        if (ids != -1) { 
                            sb.append(ids + 1);
                        }
                    }
                    if (sb.toString().equals(q.getRight())) { 
                        grade = grade + 2;
                    }
                }
            }
            //提交数据
            sendService(grade);
        }

第五步：在关闭这个考试时记录下考试最后一次时间，停止计时

@Override
        protected void onDestroy() { 
            super.onDestroy();
            //关闭计时
            mHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
            //记录最后一次时间
            PrefUtils.putLong(md5, lastTime, this);
        }

第六步：其他工具类

/** * 对SharePreference的封装 */
    public class PrefUtils { 
     
        public static void putLong(String key, long value, Context ctx) { 
            SharedPreferences sp = ctx.getSharedPreferences("config",
                    Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
            sp.edit().putLong(key, value).commit();
        }
     
        public static long getLong(String key, long defValue, Context ctx) { 
            SharedPreferences sp = ctx.getSharedPreferences("config",
                    Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
            return sp.getLong(key, defValue);
        }
     
        public static void remove(String key, Context ctx) { 
            SharedPreferences sp = ctx.getSharedPreferences("config",
                    Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
            sp.edit().remove(key).commit();
        }
    }

public class MD5Encoder { 
    	
    	public static String encode(String string) throws Exception { 
    	    byte[] hash = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5").digest(string.getBytes("UTF-8"));
    	    StringBuilder hex = new StringBuilder(hash.length * 2);
    	    for (byte b : hash) { 
    	        if ((b & 0xFF) < 0x10) { 
    	        	hex.append("0");
    	        }
    	        hex.append(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF));
    	    }
    	    return hex.toString();
    	}
    }

public class LogUtils { 
        public static void i(String tag, String msg) { 
            Log.i(tag, msg);
        }
        public static void e(String tag, String msg) { 
            Log.e(tag, msg);
        }
    }

public class ToastUtils { 
        public static void showToast(Context context, String msg) { 
            Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

[Center]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160814130728232?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160814130201924?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20160814130427668?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
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