Spring Data Elasticsearch基础入门详解

古城微笑少年丶 2023-06-25 02:18 116阅读 0赞

## **【1】Spring Data Elasticsearch** ##

官网地址：https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-elasticsearch\#learn，最新稳定版本为3.2.3。

开发文档地址：https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/elasticsearch/docs/3.2.3.RELEASE/reference/html/\#reference

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

**版本标识说明**

GA:General Availability,正式发布的版本，官方推荐使用此版本。在国外都是用GA来说明release版本的。
    
    PRE: 预览版,内部测试版. 主要是给开发人员和测试人员测试和找BUG用的，不建议使用；
    
    SNAPSHOT: 快照版，可以稳定使用，且仍在继续改进版本。

--------------------

Spring Data Elasticsearch 开发文档地址：[点击查看][Link 1]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

**版本新特性**

Spring Data Elasticsearch 3.2引入了一下新特性：

*  Elasticsearch集群支持基本身份验证和SSL传输。
 *  升级至Elasticsearch 6.8.1。
 *  Reactive programming support with Reactive Elasticsearch Operations and Reactive Elasticsearch Repositories.
 *  ElasticsearchEntityMapper作为Jackson对象映射器的替代品。
 *  `@Field`中的字段名自定义。
 *  支持按查询删除。

Reactive programming support with Reactive Elasticsearch Operations and Reactive Elasticsearch Repositories.这句话这样翻译：响应式的Elasticsearch Operations和响应式的Elasticsearch Repositories一起提供了响应式编程支持。

--------------------

**版本对应说明**

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>Spring Data Release Train</th> 
   <th>Spring Data Elasticsearch</th> 
   <th>Elasticsearch</th> 
   <th>Spring Boot</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Moore</td> 
   <td>3.2.x</td> 
   <td>6.8.4</td> 
   <td>2.2.x</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Lovelace</td> 
   <td>3.1.x</td> 
   <td>6.2.2</td> 
   <td>2.1.x</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Kay</td> 
   <td>3.0.x</td> 
   <td>5.5.0</td> 
   <td>2.0.x</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Ingalls</td> 
   <td>2.1.x</td> 
   <td>2.4.0</td> 
   <td>1.5.x</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

--------------------

## **【2】Elasticsearch Clients** ##

Spring data Elasticsearch 可以使用Elasticsearch 客户端连接到单一节点或者集群进行操作。

**① Transport Client**

在前面[Java原生操作Elasticsearch][Java_Elasticsearch]我们就使用的是这个客户端，实话说，确实很难用。

static class Config {
    
    //首先得获取客户端
      @Bean
      Client client() {
      	Settings settings = Settings.builder()
      	  .put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch")   
          .build();
      	TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1")
          , 9300));                               
        return client;
      }
    }
    
    // ...具体使用诸如下面代码
    
    IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("spring-data", "elasticsearch", randomID())
     .source(someObject)
     .setRefreshPolicy(IMMEDIATE);
    
    IndexResponse response = client.index(request);

--------------------

**② High Level REST Client(高级REST客户端)**

High Level REST Client现在是Elasticsearch默认客户端，它替换掉了Transport Client。异步调用在客户端管理的线程池上操作，并要求在请求完成时通知回调。

引入pom：

<dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
    	<version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

配置类：

@Configuration
    public class ElasticsearchConfig {
        @Bean
        RestHighLevelClient client() {
    
            ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder()
                    .connectedTo("192.168.18.128:9200")
    //                .connectedTo("192.168.18.128:9300", "localhost:9301")
                    .build();
            RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = RestClients.create(clientConfiguration).rest();
            System.out.println(restHighLevelClient);
            return restHighLevelClient;
        }
    }

测试代码：

@Autowired
        RestHighLevelClient highLevelClient;
    
        @Test
        public void test() throws IOException {
            GetRequest getRequest=new GetRequest("my-blog","_all","1");
            RequestOptions option=RequestOptions.DEFAULT;
            GetResponse getResponse = highLevelClient.get(getRequest, option);
            System.out.println(getResponse.getIndex());
            System.out.println(getResponse.toString());
        }

控制台打印：

{
        "_index": "my-blog",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "1",
        "_version": 1,
        "found": true,
        "_source": {
            "id": "1",
            "title": "基于Lucene的搜索服务器",
            "content": "它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎，基于RESTful web接口"
        }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

--------------------

**③ Reactive Client**

ReactiveElasticsearchClient 是基于WebClient的非官方驱动程序，使用Elasticsearch 核心项目提供的request/response对象。调用直接在反应堆栈上操作，而不是将异步（线程池绑定）响应包装为反应类型。

示例代码如下：

static class Config {
    
      @Bean
      ReactiveElasticsearchClient client() {
    
        ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder() 
          .connectedTo("localhost:9200", "localhost:9291")
          .build();
    
        return ReactiveRestClients.create(clientConfiguration);
      }
    }
    
    // ...
    
    Mono<IndexResponse> response = client.index(request ->
    
      request.index("spring-data")
        .type("elasticsearch")
        .id(randomID())
        .source(singletonMap("feature", "reactive-client"))
        .setRefreshPolicy(IMMEDIATE);
    );

--------------------

**④ Client Configuration**

上面三个客户端对象都是通过ClientConfiguration对象创建出来的，客户端的行为可以通过该对象改变，也可以选择行的进行其他配置，如ssl。

示例代码：

// optional if Basic Auhtentication is needed
    HttpHeaders defaultHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
    defaultHeaders.setBasicAuth(USER_NAME, USER_PASS);                      
    
    ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder()
      .connectedTo("localhost:9200", "localhost:9291")                      
      .withConnectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))                            
      .withSocketTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3))                             
      .useSsl()                                                             
      .withDefaultHeaders(defaultHeaders)                                   
      .withBasicAuth(username, password)                                    
      . // ... other options
      .build();

--------------------

## **【3】Elasticsearch Object Mapping** ##

Spring Data Elasticsearch允许在通过EntityMapper接口抽象的两个映射实现之间进行选择：

*  Jackson Object Mapping
 *  Meta Model Object Mapping

**① Jackson Object Mapping**

基于Jackson2的方法（默认情况下使用）使用带有spring数据特定模块的自定义ObjectMapper实例。实际映射的扩展需要通过Jackson注释（比如@JsonInclude）进行定制。

示例代码：

AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration已经通过ElasticsearchConfigurationSupport定义了一个基于Jackson2的entityMapper。注意这时这些注解不能使用：`CustomConversions, @ReadingConverter & @WritingConverter`，并且`@Field(name="custom-name")`也不行。

--------------------

**② Meta Model Object Mapping**

基于元模型的方法使用域类型信息来读/写Elasticsearch。这允许注册特定域类型映射的转换器实例。

示例代码;

说明：

*  覆盖掉ElasticsearchConfigurationSupport 默认配置的EntityMapper 并作为bean对外暴露；
 *  Use the provided SimpleElasticsearchMappingContext to avoid inconsistencies and provide a GenericConversionService for Converter registration.
 *  如果需要，可以设置CustomConversions

--------------------

**③ 对象映射注解**

ElasticsearchEntityMapper可以使用元数据来驱动对象到文档的映射。对象上面可以使用注解进行标识。

*  `@Id`: 目标对象主键，字段级别注解。
 *  `@Document`: 类级别注解，标明是个文档对象，有如下重要属性：
    
     *  indexName: 实体中的索引名字
     *  type: the mapping type.如果未设置，则使用类的小写简单名称。
     *  shards: 索引分片数量
     *  replicas: 索引的副本数
     *  refreshIntervall: 索引的刷新间隔。用于创建索引。默认值为“1s”。
     *  indexStoreType:索引存储类型。用于创建索引。默认值为“fs”。
     *  createIndex: 配置是否在存储库引导时创建索引。默认值为true。
     *  versionType: 版本管理的配置，默认值为 EXTERNAL.
 *  `@Transient`: 默认所有字段都映射到document, 添加该注解的字段可以例外。
 *  `@PersistenceConstructor`: 从数据库中实例化对象时，标记要使用的给定构造函数（甚至是受包保护的构造函数）。构造函数参数按名称映射到检索到的文档中的键值。
 *  `@Field`: 应用于字段级别并定义字段的属性，大多数属性映射到相应的Elasticsearch Mapping定义:
    
     *  name: field映射到Elasticsearch document中的名称，默认为字段名。
     *  type: 字段类型，可以是如下之一： Text, Integer, Long, Date, Float, Double, Boolean, Object, Auto, Nested, Ip, Attachment, Keyword.
     *  `format` and `pattern` custom definitions for the Date type.
     *  store: 标记原始字段值是否应存储在Elasticsearch中，默认值为false。
     *  analyzer, searchAnalyzer, normalizer用于指定自定义分析器和规范化器。
     *  copy\_to: 拷贝到多个文档字段的目标字段
 *  `@GeoPoint`:将字段标记为地理位置数据类型。如果字段是GeoPoint类的实例，则可以忽略。

上述映射元数据注解定义在一个单独的spring-data-commons 项目中，是技术无关的。

--------------------

**④ 映射规则**

映射规则主要有四方面：

*  Type Hints：按照类型映射；  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]
 *  Geospatial Types：点和地质点等地理空间类型转换为纬度/经纬度对。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]
 *  Collections：对于集合内的值，当涉及类型提示和自定义转换时，将应用与聚合根相同的映射规则。  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]
 *  Maps：同Collections，但是键是需要是字符串  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]
 *  Custom Conversions  
    可以使用ElasticsearchCustomConversions 注册自定义的映射规则，示例代码如下：

@Configuration
    public class Config extends AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {
    
      @Override
      public RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {
        return RestClients.create(ClientConfiguration.create("localhost:9200")).rest();
      }
    
      @Bean
      @Override
      public EntityMapper entityMapper() {
    
        ElasticsearchEntityMapper entityMapper = new ElasticsearchEntityMapper(
          elasticsearchMappingContext(), new DefaultConversionService());
        entityMapper.setConversions(elasticsearchCustomConversions());  
    
      	return entityMapper;
      }
    
      @Bean
      @Override
      public ElasticsearchCustomConversions elasticsearchCustomConversions() {
        return new ElasticsearchCustomConversions(
          Arrays.asList(new AddressToMap(), new MapToAddress()));       
      }
    
      @WritingConverter                                                 
      static class AddressToMap implements Converter<Address, Map<String, Object>> {
    
        @Override
        public Map<String, Object> convert(Address source) {
    
          LinkedHashMap<String, Object> target = new LinkedHashMap<>();
          target.put("ciudad", source.getCity());
          // ...
    
          return target;
        }
      }
    
      @ReadingConverter                                                 
      static class MapToAddress implements Converter<Map<String, Object>, Address> {
    
        @Override
        public Address convert(Map<String, Object> source) {
    
          // ...
          return address;
        }
      }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][20191225103609838.png]

--------------------

## **【4】Elasticsearch Operations** ##

在第一部分描述新特性时，有个特性是`Reactive programming support with Reactive Elasticsearch Operations and Reactive Elasticsearch Repositorie`，这里不能简单翻译而要深入了解一下什么是Reactive Elasticsearch Operations、Reactive Elasticsearch Repositorie才能知道如何提供响应式编程支持。

Spring Data Elasticsearch使用两个接口来定义可以针对Elasticsearch索引调用的操作。分别是ElasticsearchOperations and ReactiveElasticsearchOperations。前者通常用于经典的同步实现，后者用于响应式编程。

**接口的默认实现提供如下三方面功能：**

*  对域类型的读/写映射支持。
 *  一个丰富的查询和条件api。
 *  资源管理和异常转换

**① ElasticsearchTemplate**

ElasticsearchTemplate是ElasticsearchOperations 接口的一个实现，是基于Transport Client操作的。

示例代码如下：

@Configuration
    public class TransportClientConfig extends ElasticsearchConfigurationSupport {
    
      @Bean
      public Client elasticsearchClient() throws UnknownHostException {                 
        Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch").build();
        TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
        client.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));
        return client;
      }
    
      @Bean(name = {"elasticsearchOperations", "elasticsearchTemplate"})
      public ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate() throws UnknownHostException { 
      	return new ElasticsearchTemplate(elasticsearchClient(), entityMapper());
      }
    
      // use the ElasticsearchEntityMapper
      @Bean
      @Override
      public EntityMapper entityMapper() {                                               
        ElasticsearchEntityMapper entityMapper = new ElasticsearchEntityMapper(elasticsearchMappingContext(),
      	  new DefaultConversionService());
        entityMapper.setConversions(elasticsearchCustomConversions());
        return entityMapper;
      }
    }

--------------------

**② ElasticsearchRestTemplate**

ElasticsearchRestTemplate是ElasticsearchOperations 接口的另一个实现，其是基于High Level REST Client.实现的。

配置代码示例如下：

@Configuration
    public class RestClientConfig extends AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {
        @Override
        public RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {
            ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder()
                    .connectedTo("192.168.18.128:9200")
                    .withSocketTimeout(60000)
                    .withConnectTimeout(60000)
                    .build();
            RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = RestClients.create(clientConfiguration).rest();
            System.out.println("RestClientConfig-elasticsearchClient:"+restHighLevelClient);
            return restHighLevelClient;
        }
    
        // no special bean creation needed
    
        // use the ElasticsearchEntityMapper
        @Bean
        @Override
        public EntityMapper entityMapper() {
            ElasticsearchEntityMapper entityMapper = new ElasticsearchEntityMapper(elasticsearchMappingContext(),
                    new DefaultConversionService());
            entityMapper.setConversions(elasticsearchCustomConversions());
    
            return entityMapper;
        }
    }

--------------------

**③ Spring REST controller中使用ElasticsearchOperations**

具体ElasticsearchOperations 使用哪种实现，主要依据上面两种配置。示例代码如下:

@RestController
    public class TestController {
    
        @Autowired
        private ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchOperations;
    
    //    public TestController(ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchOperations) {
    //        this.elasticsearchOperations = elasticsearchOperations;
    //    }
    
        @PostMapping("/person")
        public String save(@RequestBody Person person) {
            System.out.println("elasticsearchOperations:"+elasticsearchOperations);
            IndexQuery indexQuery = new IndexQueryBuilder()
                    .withId(person.getId().toString())
                    .withObject(person)
                    .build();
            String documentId = elasticsearchOperations.index(indexQuery);
            return documentId;
        }
    
        @GetMapping("/person/{id}")
        public Person findById(@PathVariable("id")  Long id) {
            Person person = elasticsearchOperations
                    .queryForObject(GetQuery.getById(id.toString()), Person.class);
            return person;
        }
    }

Person类实例代码：

@Document(indexName = "person",type = "person")
    public class Person {
    
        @Id
        private Integer id;
        @Field
        private String name;
    
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Person{" +
                    "id=" + id +
                    ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

**上面两个都是ElasticsearchOperations 的实现，下面讲解Reactive Elasticsearch Operations实现。**

--------------------

**④ Reactive Elasticsearch Operations**

ReactiveElasticsearchOperations是Elasticsearch集群使用ReactiveElasticsearchClient执行高级命令的网关。ReactiveElasticsearchOperations的默认实现是ReactiveElasticsearchTemplate 。

示例代码如下：

@Configuration
    public class Config extends AbstractReactiveElasticsearchConfiguration {
    
      @Bean 
      @Override
      public ReactiveElasticsearchClient reactiveElasticsearchClient() {
          // ...
      }
    }

使用ReactiveElasticsearchClient 最简单方法就是继承AbstractReactiveElasticsearchConfiguration 并覆盖reactiveElasticsearchClient方法，然后作为bean暴露给外部。方法体内部可以使用ReactiveRestClients 定义 Reactive Client或者默认使用DefaultReactiveElasticsearchClient。

如果想对组件有更多自定义控制，可以如下所示进行配置：

@Configuration
    public class Config {
    
      @Bean 
      public ReactiveElasticsearchClient reactiveElasticsearchClient() {
        // ...
      }
      @Bean 
      public ElasticsearchConverter elasticsearchConverter() {
        return new MappingElasticsearchConverter(elasticsearchMappingContext());
      }
      @Bean 
      public SimpleElasticsearchMappingContext elasticsearchMappingContext() {
        return new SimpleElasticsearchMappingContext();
      }
      @Bean 
      public ReactiveElasticsearchOperations reactiveElasticsearchOperations() {
        return new ReactiveElasticsearchTemplate(reactiveElasticsearchClient(), elasticsearchConverter());
      }
    }

--------------------

**⑤ ReactiveElasticsearchTemplate实际使用**

实例代码如下：

@Document(indexName = "marvel", type = "characters")
    public class Person {
    
      private @Id String id;
      private String name;
      private int age;
      // Getter/Setter omitted...
    }

template.save(new Person("Bruce Banner", 42))                    
      .doOnNext(System.out::println)
      .flatMap(person -> template.findById(person.id, Person.class)) 
      .doOnNext(System.out::println)
      .flatMap(person -> template.delete(person))                    
      .doOnNext(System.out::println)
      .flatMap(id -> template.count(Person.class))                   
      .doOnNext(System.out::println)
      .subscribe();

控制台打印：

> Person(id=QjWCWWcBXiLAnp77ksfR, name=Bruce Banner, age=42)
    > Person(id=QjWCWWcBXiLAnp77ksfR, name=Bruce Banner, age=42)
    > QjWCWWcBXiLAnp77ksfR
    > 0

可以发现相比于RestHighLevelClient 而言ReactiveElasticsearchTemplate主要就是流式编程，可以直接使用Lamda表达式及隐式函数进行操作。

--------------------

## **【5】Elasticsearch Repositories** ##

Repository，了解jpa的应该知道，Spring Data默认定义了一些接口实现了一些常用的增删改查方法，你只需要声明自己接口继承于Spring Data的接口即可使用那些方法且不用自己实现。当然，你可以自己实现自己定义方法。

参考博文专栏：[Spring Data JPA使用实践详解][Spring Data JPA]

**① 查询方法与查询策略**

Elasticsearch模块支持所有基本的查询构建功能，如字符串查询、本地索查询、基于条件的查询或从方法名派生。从方法名派生查询并不总是足够的，并且/或者可能导致无法读取方法名。在这种情况下，可以使用@Query注解。

通常，Elasticsearch的查询创建机制的工作方式如查询方法中所述，实例如下：

interface BookRepository extends Repository<Book, String> {
      List<Book> findByNameAndPrice(String name, Integer price);
    }

等同于如下Elasticsearch json 查询串：

{ "bool" :
        { "must" :
            [
                { "field" : {"name" : "?"} },
                { "field" : {"price" : "?"} }
            ]
        }
    }

Elasticsearch 支持的关键字与对应的json 查询列表如下：

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="left">Keyword</th> 
   <th align="left">Sample</th> 
   <th align="left">Elasticsearch Query String</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">And</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameAndPrice</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : [ {“field” : {“name” : “?”}}, {“field” : {“price” : “?”}} ]}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Or</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameOrPrice</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“should” : [ {“field” : {“name” : “?”}}, {“field” : {“price” : “?”}} ]}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Is</td> 
   <td align="left">findByName</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“name” : “?”}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Not</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameNot</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must_not” : {“field” : {“name” : “?”}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Between</td> 
   <td align="left">findByPriceBetween</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“range” : {“price” : {“from” : ?,“to” : ?,“include_lower” : true,“include_upper” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">LessThanEqual</td> 
   <td align="left">findByPriceLessThan</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“range” : {“price” : {“from” : null,“to” : ?,“include_lower” : true,“include_upper” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">GreaterThanEqual</td> 
   <td align="left">findByPriceGreaterThan</td> 
   <td align="left">“bool” : {“must” : {“range” : {“price” : {“from” : ?,“to” : null,“include_lower” : true,“include_upper” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Before</td> 
   <td align="left">findByPriceBefore</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“range” : {“price” : {“from” : null,“to” : ?,“include_lower” : true,“include_upper” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">After</td> 
   <td align="left">findByPriceAfter</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“range” : {“price” : {“from” : ?,“to” : null,“include_lower” : true,“include_upper” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Like</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameLike</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“name” : {“query” : “?*”,“analyze_wildcard” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">StartingWith</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameStartingWith</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“name” : {“query” : “?*”,“analyze_wildcard” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">EndingWith</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameEndingWith</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“name” : {“query” : “*?”,“analyze_wildcard” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Contains/Containing</td> 
   <td align="left">findByNameContaining</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“name” : {“query” : “?”,“analyze_wildcard” : true}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">In</td> 
   <td align="left"><code>findByNameIn(Collection&lt;String&gt;names)</code></td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“bool” : {“should” : [ {“field” : {“name” : “?”}}, {“field” : {“name” : “?”}} ]}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">NotIn</td> 
   <td align="left"><code>findByNameNotIn(Collection&lt;String&gt;names)</code></td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must_not” : {“bool” : {“should” : {“field” : {“name” : “?”}}}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">Near</td> 
   <td align="left">findByStoreNear</td> 
   <td align="left">Not Supported Yet !</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">True</td> 
   <td align="left">findByAvailableTrue</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“available” : true}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">False</td> 
   <td align="left">findByAvailableFalse</td> 
   <td align="left">{“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“available” : false}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="left">OrderBy</td> 
   <td align="left">findByAvailableTrueOrderByNameDesc</td> 
   <td align="left">{“sort” : [{ “name” : {“order” : “desc”} }],“bool” : {“must” : {“field” : {“available” : true}}}}</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

--------------------

**② @Query注解**

如果想自定义查询，可以选择在方法上用注解标识查询条件，实例如下：

interface BookRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Book, String> {
        @Query("{\"bool\" : {\"must\" : {\"field\" : {\"name\" : \"?0\"}}}}")
        Page<Book> findByName(String name,Pageable pageable);
    }

--------------------

**③ 基于注解的配置**

Spring Data Elasticsearch repositories using JavaConfig，for example:

@Configuration
    @EnableElasticsearchRepositories(                             
      basePackages = "org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repositories"
      )
    static class Config {
    
      @Bean
      public ElasticsearchOperations elasticsearchTemplate() {    
          // ...
      }
    }
    
    class ProductService {
    
      private ProductRepository repository;                       
    
      public ProductService(ProductRepository repository) {
        this.repository = repository;
      }
    
      public Page<Product> findAvailableBookByName(String name, Pageable pageable) {
        return repository.findByAvailableTrueAndNameStartingWith(name, pageable);
      }
    }

需要说明的是，EnableElasticsearchRepositories注解激活Repository 支持。如果没有配置基包( base package)，则它将使用在任何添加该注解的配置类上。

--------------------

**④ Elasticsearch Repositories using CDI**\*

Spring Data Elasticsearch repositories同样支持CDI(上下文依赖注入)能力，实例如下：

class ElasticsearchTemplateProducer {
    
      @Produces
      @ApplicationScoped
      public ElasticsearchOperations createElasticsearchTemplate() {
        // ...                               
      }
    }
    
    class ProductService {
    
      private ProductRepository repository;  
      public Page<Product> findAvailableBookByName(String name, Pageable pageable) {
        return repository.findByAvailableTrueAndNameStartingWith(name, pageable);
      }
      @Inject
      public void setRepository(ProductRepository repository) {
        this.repository = repository;
      }
    }

--------------------

**⑤ Spring applicationContext.xml中配置Elasticsearch**

Setting up Elasticsearch repositories using Namespace：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:elasticsearch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch/spring-elasticsearch-1.0.xsd">
    
      <elasticsearch:repositories base-package="com.acme.repositories" />
    
    </beans>

Transport Client using Namespace：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:elasticsearch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch/spring-elasticsearch-1.0.xsd">
    
      <elasticsearch:transport-client id="client" cluster-nodes="localhost:9300,someip:9300" />
    
    </beans>

Rest Client using Namespace：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:elasticsearch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/data/elasticsearch/spring-elasticsearch.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
      <elasticsearch:rest-client id="restClient" hosts="http://localhost:9200">
    
    </beans>

--------------------

## **【6】Reactive Elasticsearch Repositories** ##

Reactive Elasticsearch repository支持Spring Data Repositories核心接口扩展，通过Reactive Elasticsearch Operations实现(Reactive Client实际执行)。

Reactive Elasticsearch repository是使用[Project Reactor][]作为其组件来实现响应编程。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

有三个接口主要被使用：

*  ReactiveRepository
 *  ReactiveCrudRepository
 *  ReactiveSortingRepository

**① 配置ReactiveRepositoryConfig**

@Configuration
    @EnableReactiveElasticsearchRepositories
    public class ReactiveRepositoryConfig extends AbstractReactiveElasticsearchConfiguration {
    
        @Override
        public ReactiveElasticsearchClient reactiveElasticsearchClient() {
            ClientConfiguration clientConfiguration = ClientConfiguration.builder()
                    .connectedTo("192.168.18.128:9200")
                    .withSocketTimeout(60000)
                    .withConnectTimeout(60000)
                    .build();
            ReactiveElasticsearchClient reactiveElasticsearchClient = ReactiveRestClients.create(clientConfiguration);
            System.out.println("reactiveElasticsearchClient is created:"+reactiveElasticsearchClient);
            return reactiveElasticsearchClient;
        }
    }

**② Domain Object**

@Document(indexName = "person",type = "person")
    public class Person {
    
        @Id
        private String id;
        private String firstname;
        private String lastname;
    
    //...
    }

**③ 自定义Repository接口继承自ReactiveSortingRepository**

实例代码如下：

public interface ReactivePersonRepository extends ReactiveSortingRepository<Person, String> {
    
        Flux<Person> findByFirstname(String firstname);
    
        Flux<Person> findByFirstname(Publisher<String> firstname);
    
        Flux<Person> findByFirstnameOrderByLastname(String firstname);
    
        Flux<Person> findByFirstname(String firstname, Sort sort);
    
        Flux<Person> findByFirstname(String firstname, Pageable page);
    
        Mono<Person> findByFirstnameAndLastname(String firstname, String lastname);
    
        Mono<Person> findFirstByLastname(String lastname);
    
        @Query("{ \"bool\" : { \"must\" : { \"term\" : { \"lastname\" : \"?0\" } } } }")
        Flux<Person> findByLastname(String lastname);
    
        Mono<Long> countByFirstname(String firstname);
    
        Mono<Boolean> existsByFirstname(String firstname);
    
        Mono<Long> deleteByFirstname(String firstname);
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
可以看到ReactiveSortingRepository又继承自ReactiveCrudRepository，故而当前ReactivePersonRepository 可以使用CRUD和Sort等方法。

--------------------

**④ 测试代码**

@RestController
    public class ReactiveController {
    
        @Autowired
        ReactivePersonRepository repository;
    
        @RequestMapping("/testReactive")
        public String testReactive() {
            Flux<Person> persons = repository.findAll();
            System.out.println(persons.blockFirst());
            Mono<List<Person>> listMono = persons.collectList();
            System.out.println("listMono:"+ listMono);
            List<Person> personList = listMono.block();
            System.out.println("personList:"+personList);
            return persons.toString();
        }
    }

--------------------

## **【7】Miscellaneous Elasticsearch Operation Support** ##

Elasticsearch Operation还提供了许多其他支持，而这些支持不能直接通过repository 接口来使用，它更被推荐在自定义接口实现里面使用。

**① 查询过滤器**

实例如下：

private ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;
    
    SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder()
      .withQuery(matchAllQuery())
      .withFilter(boolFilter().must(termFilter("id", documentId)))
      .build();
    
    Page<SampleEntity> sampleEntities =
      elasticsearchTemplate.queryForPage(searchQuery,SampleEntity.class);

--------------------

**② 滚动输出大结果集**

Elasticsearch 针对大数据量结果提供了scroll API，ElasticsearchTemplate 有startScroll and continueScroll 方法可以被使用，如下所示：

SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder()
      .withQuery(matchAllQuery())
      .withIndices(INDEX_NAME)
      .withTypes(TYPE_NAME)
      .withFields("message")
      .withPageable(PageRequest.of(0, 10))
      .build();
    
    ScrolledPage<SampleEntity> scroll = elasticsearchTemplate.startScroll(1000, searchQuery, SampleEntity.class);
    
    String scrollId = scroll.getScrollId();
    List<SampleEntity> sampleEntities = new ArrayList<>();
    while (scroll.hasContent()) {
      sampleEntities.addAll(scroll.getContent());
      scrollId = scroll.getScrollId();
      scroll = elasticsearchTemplate.continueScroll(scrollId, 1000, SampleEntity.class);
    }
    elasticsearchTemplate.clearScroll(scrollId);

ElasticsearchTemplate 同样提供了流方法使用，如下所示：

相关实例代码GitHub地址：https://github.com/JanusJ/SpringBoot/tree/master/elasticsearch

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[Link 1]: https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/elasticsearch/docs/3.2.3.RELEASE/reference/html/#reference
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191224151426503.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[Java_Elasticsearch]: https://blog.csdn.net/J080624/article/details/103630026
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191224164953660.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191225103416773.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191225103255133.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0owODA2MjQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[20191225103609838.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191225103609838.png
[Spring Data JPA]: https://blog.csdn.net/j080624/category_7333335.html
[Project Reactor]: https://projectreactor.io/
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