【Python】井字棋 Tic_Tac_Toe

偏执的太偏执、 2023-06-15 09:52 28阅读 0赞

这是我在做综合设计“机械臂下井字棋”时，“井字棋”的代码，在写代码期间我参考了很多博客。

该代码没有运用高级的算法，实现功能也非常简单，没有悔棋、没有重新开始，运行一次只能玩一局。

该代码是我在控制机械臂时调用的一个库，其中存储棋盘状态的矩阵board含有三个状态：0代表没有棋子，1代表红色，2代表蓝色。为了使这个库能够单独运行，我对其进行改进，单独运行时矩阵board也有三个状态，“ ”代表没有棋子。“X”代表一种棋子，“O”代表另一种棋子。

直接上代码吧！

# !/usr/bin/env python3
    # -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
    # Tic_Toc_Toe
    # @ Author: Marvel
    # @ Dara: 2019.10.25
    import random
    
    
    # 绘制出当前棋盘
    def draw_board(board_):
        print('\n\n')
        print('\t\t┌─┬─┬─┐')
        print('\t\t│' + str(board_[0]) + ' │' + str(board_[1]) + ' │' + str(board_[2]) + ' │')
        print('\t\t├─┼─┼─┤')
        print('\t\t│' + str(board_[3]) + ' │' + str(board_[4]) + ' │' + str(board_[5]) + ' │')
        print('\t\t├─┼─┼─┤')
        print('\t\t│' + str(board_[6]) + ' │' + str(board_[7]) + ' │' + str(board_[8]) + ' │')
        print('\t\t└─┴─┴─┘')
    
    
    # 在指定范围内，随机选择可以落子的位置
    def random_pos(board_, list_):
        possible_choice_ = []
        for i in list_:
            if board_[i] == ' ' or board_[i] == 0:
                possible_choice_.append(i)
    
        if len(possible_choice_) > 0:
            return random.choice(possible_choice_)
        else:
            return None
    
    
    # 判断是否取得胜利
    def is_win(board_, color_flag_):
        if [board_[0], board_[1], board_[2]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[3], board_[4], board_[5]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[6], board_[7], board_[8]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[0], board_[3], board_[6]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[1], board_[4], board_[7]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[2], board_[5], board_[8]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[0], board_[4], board_[8]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
        if [board_[2], board_[4], board_[6]] == [color_flag_, color_flag_, color_flag_]:
            return True
    
    
    # 判断棋盘是否下满
    def is_full(board_):
        for i in range(9):
            if board_[i] == ' ' or board_[i] == 0:
                return False
        return True
    
    
    # 分析下一步棋的选择
    def get_computer_move(board_, computer_color_flag_):
    
        # 当棋子分别为1、2时
        if computer_color_flag_ == 1:
            player_color_flag_ = 2
        elif computer_color_flag_ == 2:
            player_color_flag_ = 1
    
        # 当棋子分别为X、0时
        elif computer_color_flag_ == 'X':
            player_color_flag_ = 'O'
        elif computer_color_flag_ == 'O':
            player_color_flag_ = 'X'
    
        # 分析Player先手是否落在角落,如果落在角落，那么Computer必须落在中间
        player_first_corner = False
        player_count = 0
        computer_count = 0
        for i in range(9):
            if board_[i] == player_color_flag_:
                player_count += 1
            if board_[i] == computer_color_flag_:
                computer_count += 1
        if player_count == 1 and computer_count == 0:
            for i in [0, 2, 6, 8]:
                if board_[i] == player_color_flag_:
                    player_first_corner = True
    
        # 首先判断电脑方能否通过一次落子直接获得游戏胜利
        for i in range(9):
            temp_board = board_.copy()
            if board_[i] == ' ' or board_[i] == 0:             # 无其他棋子
                temp_board[i] = computer_color_flag_
                if is_win(temp_board,computer_color_flag_):
                    return i
    
        # 判断玩家下一次落子能否获得胜利，如果能，给他堵上
        for i in range(9):
            temp_board = board_.copy()
            if board_[i] == ' ' or board_[i] == 0:              # 无其他棋子
                temp_board[i] = player_color_flag_
                if is_win(temp_board,player_color_flag_):
                    return i
    
        # 优先级1：随机落子在四个角
        if player_first_corner is False:
            random_move = random_pos(temp_board, [0, 2, 6, 8])
            if random_move is not None:
                return random_move
    
        # 优先级2：落子在中心
        if board_[4] == ' ' or board_[4] == 0:
            return 4
    
        # 优先级3：随机落子其他位置
        random_move = random_pos(board_, [1, 3, 5, 7])
        if random_move is not None:
            return random_move
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        board = [' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ']          # 初始化棋盘
        letter = ' '      # player 的棋子
        first_turn = ' '    # 谁先手
    
        # 玩家选择棋子，当玩家选择正确时跳出该循环
        while True:
            if letter == 'X' or letter == 'O':
                break
            else:
                print('Do you want bo be X or O')
                letter = input().upper()  # 获得输入字母的大写符号
    
        # 玩家选择谁先落子
        while True:
            if first_turn == 'A' or first_turn == 'B':
                break
            else:
                print('Who first? A: player B:Computer')
                first_turn = input().upper()  # 获得输入字母的大写符号
    
        # 确定棋子标志
        if letter == 'X':
            player_color = 'X'
            computer_color = 'O'
        else:
            player_color = 'O'
            computer_color = 'X'
    
        if first_turn == 'A':
            print('Please choose position where you want to place. From 1 to 9')
            num = int(input()) # 获得输入数字
            board[num-1] = player_color
            draw_board(board)
    
        while True:
            # p判断是否又输赢
            if is_wn(board, computer_color):
                print("Player Win")
                break
            k = get_computer_move(board, computer_color)
            print(k)
            board[k] = computer_color
            draw_board(board)
            if is_full(board):
                print('Draw')       # 平局
                break
    
            if is_win(board, player_color):
                print("Computer Win")
                break
            print('Please choose position where you want to place')
            num = int(input())  # 获得输入数字
            board[num - 1] = player_color
            draw_board(board)
            if is_full(board):
                print('Draw')         # 平局
                break
        exit()