Centos7编译安装nginx并添加到系统启动服务

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2023-06-07 10:52 16阅读 0赞

## 实验环境 ##

centos 7.6
    nginx-1.14.2

## 一、下载安装包 ##

[root@nginx ~]# yum install -y wget
    [root@nginx ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

## 二、编译安装nginx ##

1、安装依赖

[root@nginx ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

gcc：                   gcc-c++编译环境  
gzip模块需要：    zlib 库  
rewrite模块需要：pcre 库  
ssl功能需要：      openssl库

2、创建nginx用户和组

[root@nginx ~]# groupadd nginx
    [root@nginx ~]# useradd nginx -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

3、配置选项

[root@nginx ~]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
    [root@nginx nginx-1.14.2]#  ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module

--user=nginx（用户名）
    --group=nginx（组）
    --prefix=/usr/local/nginx（程序安装路径） 
    --with-http_stub_status_module （网页状态查看）
    --with-http_ssl_module （ssl模块）
    --with-http_realip_module （后台Nginx服务器记录原始客户端的IP地址 ）
    --with-http_gzip_static_module （压缩模块）

如果不知道怎么看是否配置成功，可以使用echo $? （显示最后命令的退出状态，0表示没有错误，其他表示有错误）

[root@nginx nginx-1.14.2]# echo $?
    0

4、编译安装

[root@nginx nginx-1.14.2]# make && make install
    [root@nginx nginx-1.14.2]# echo $?
    0

5、添加到环境变量，程序安装路径/usr/local/nginx

[root@nginx ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 
    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin

6、使用说明（选看）

#查看选项说明
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -h
    nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
    Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
    
    Options:
      -?,-h         : this help
      -v            : show version and exit
      -V            : show version and configure options then exit
      -t            : test configuration and exit
      -T            : test configuration, dump it and exit
      -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
      -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
      -p prefix     : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/)
      -c filename   : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf)
      -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
    
    #查看nginx版本号
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v(小写v)
    nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
    
    #查看编译模块
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V（大写V）
    nginx version: nginx/1.14.2
    built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC) 
    built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
    TLS SNI support enabled
    configure arguments: --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
    
    #检查配置文件语法
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
    
    #下面系统服务启动脚本会用到的（重点）
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx    启动nginx
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload    #重载配置
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop    #停止
    [root@nginx ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit    #关闭

## 三、系统服务启动脚本 ##

1、如果不知道怎么写，可以找一台直接使用yum安装nginx的服务器，参考别人的写法。例如下面查看的到脚本路径

![20191014172538334.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

2、拷贝到自己的nginx服务器，根据自己的安装路径修改参数

[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

二选一

[Unit]
    Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
    After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=forking
    PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
    ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
    ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
    KillSignal=SIGQUIT
    TimeoutStopSec=5
    KillMode=process
    PrivateTmp=true
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Unit]
    Description=nginx
    After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=forking
    PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
    ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
    ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
    ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
    PrivateTmp=true
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

PIDFile：PID路径，如果是按照上面编译时候设置的路径，那就在/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

ExecStartPre：在执行ExecStart之前的操作，先删除有关nginx的PID也就是停止nginx，然后再检查nginx -t配置文件是否正确

ExecStart：nginx启动操作，如果是按照上面编译时候设置的路径，那就在/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

ExecReload：nginx重启操作，这里HUP是平滑重启，重新加载配置文件

ExecStop：nginx停止操作，实际是使用了QUIT从容关闭nginx

3、使用说明

[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start|stop|reload|restart|status nginx.service
    [root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable nginx    #开机启动
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
    [root@nginx ~]# systemctl disable  nginx    #关闭开机启动
    Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service.

## 四、整合连接php ##

1、php的php-fpm已经启动（前提是php已经安装好fastcgi，查看php安装篇）

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntlp
    Active Internet connections (only servers)
    Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
    tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      7448/php-fpm: maste

2、修改配置文件，去掉注释

[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
            location ~ \.php$ {
                root           /var/www/html;
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name;
                include        fastcgi_params;
            }
    
    
    说明：
     root           /var/www/html;    #自定义php页面路径
     fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name; #自定义页面路径+ $fastcgi_script_name

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

2、查看结果

[root@nginx ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php 
    this is nginx_php
    <?php
    phpinfo();
    ?>

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

[20191014172538334.png]: /images/20230601/9a6641cb99ac4cf98c2335fcedfb5ed7.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230601/a45d4b949fb24d9eb32fedd04f223d4e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20230601/8eab3a3e40ed4eac8c7c3204283afdc1.png