Python实现LL（1）文法分析器（带界面）

矫情吗；* 2023-05-31 04:58 13阅读 0赞

## LL（1）分析法实验设计思想及算法 ##

#### 模块结构： ####

**（1）定义部分：定义常量、变量、数据结构。  
（2）初始化：设立 LL(1)分析表、初始化变量空间（包括堆栈、结构体、数组、  
临时变量等）；  
（3）控制部分：从键盘输入一个表达式符号串；  
（4）利用 LL(1)分析算法进行表达式处理：根据 LL(1)分析表对表达式符号串进  
行堆栈（或其他）操作，输出分析结果，如果遇到错误则显示错误信息。**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## 测试截图： ##

#### 测试所用到文法： ####

#### 文法 一、： ####

E->TG  
G->+TG|—TG  
G->ε  
T->FS  
S->\*FS|/FS  
S->ε  
F->(E)  
F->i

#### 文法 二、： ####

E->TQ  
Q->+TQ|ε  
T->FW  
W->\*FW|ε  
F->(E)|i

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 代码实现 ##

（说明：该代码 没有实现消除左递归,仅测试了部分文法，个别文法可能测试不成功，仅供学习参考，使用该代码需要安装pyqt5库，文章后面我介绍了如何安装pyqt5 以及pyqt5 的环境配置问题，环境很多人会忘记配置。为了方便测试和实验验收，图形界面文法已经初始化为上面的文法一，运行后也可以自行修改测试文法。输入框没有数据时，按按钮是会报异常，因为后台无法获取数据，但是分析程序在按按钮时已经启动了，所以必然是会卡CPU的，这个细节部分没完善，）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
 # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'FF_1_form.ui'
 #
 # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.13.0
 #
 # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
 #
 # created by leechoy 2019.9.18
 #
 # 仅供学习参考 ， 提示 ： 该代码 没有实现消除左递归,仅测试了部分文法，个别文法可能测试不成功
 #
 # 界面GUI由 pyqt5 写 代码基本都已经注释完毕
 #
 # 由于 pyqt5 控件 适应窗口大小改变，会发生改变，因此初始运行弹出界面时，栈分析表部分没有全部漏出来得放大窗口
 
 from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
 
 import sys
 
 FIRST = { } ##first集
 
 FOLLOW = { } ## follow 集
 
 VT = [] ##终结符
 
 VC = [] ## 非终结符
 
 STACK = ['#'] ## 输入栈
 
 STACK_INPUT = [] ## 剩余输入串
 
 # 构建二维字典（类似于矩阵，可以像矩阵一样访问）存储分析表
 SELECT = { "": { "": ""}}
 
 sentences = []
 
 # 界面UI类
 class Ui_Form(object):
 # 初始化界面
 def setupUi(self, Form):
 Form.setObjectName("Form")
 Form.resize(1033, 837)
 self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(Form)
 self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
 self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(Form)
 self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 0, 521, 191))
 
 font = QtGui.QFont()
 font.setFamily("Arial")
 font.setPointSize(28)
 font.setItalic(True)
 self.textEdit.setFont(font)
 self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.textEdit, 0, 2, 1, 1)
 
 self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
 self.pushButton.setEnabled(True)
 self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 190, 521, 51))
 font = QtGui.QFont()
 font.setFamily("仿宋")
 font.setPointSize(18)
 font.setBold(False)
 font.setItalic(False)
 font.setUnderline(False)
 font.setWeight(50)
 self.pushButton.setFont(font)
 self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton, 1, 2, 1, 1)
 
 self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Form)
 self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 790, 1031, 44))
 self.lineEdit.setReadOnly(True)
 self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit, 4, 0, 1, 3)
 
 self.tableStack = QtWidgets.QTableWidget(Form)
 self.tableStack.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(510, 240, 521, 550))
 self.tableStack.setObjectName("tableStack")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.tableStack, 2, 2, 2, 1)
 
 self.tableStack.setColumnCount(4)
 
 # 设置tablewidget 栈分析表的表头
 self.tableStack.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(["输入栈", "剩余输入串", "所用表达式", "动作"])
 
 self.textEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(Form)
 self.textEdit_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 511, 191))
 font = QtGui.QFont()
 font.setPointSize(7)
 self.textEdit_2.setFont(font)
 self.textEdit_2.setObjectName("textEdit_2")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.textEdit_2, 0, 0, 1, 2)
 
 self.textFirst_set = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Form)
 self.textFirst_set.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 240, 256, 192))
 font = QtGui.QFont()
 font.setPointSize(13)
 self.textFirst_set.setFont(font)
 self.textFirst_set.setObjectName("textFirst_set")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.textFirst_set, 2, 0, 1, 1)
 
 self.textFollow_set = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Form)
 self.textFollow_set.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(255, 240, 256, 192))
 font = QtGui.QFont()
 font.setPointSize(13)
 self.textFollow_set.setFont(font)
 self.textFollow_set.setObjectName("textFollow_set")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.textFollow_set, 2, 1, 1, 1)
 
 self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form)
 self.pushButton_2.setEnabled(True)
 self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 190, 511, 51))
 font = QtGui.QFont()
 font.setFamily("仿宋")
 font.setPointSize(18)
 font.setBold(False)
 font.setItalic(False)
 font.setUnderline(False)
 font.setWeight(50)
 self.pushButton_2.setFont(font)
 self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2, 1, 0, 1, 2)
 
 self.tableAnalyze = QtWidgets.QTableWidget(Form)
 self.tableAnalyze.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 430, 511, 361))
 self.tableAnalyze.setObjectName("tableAnalyze")
 
 self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.tableAnalyze, 3, 0, 1, 2)
 
 # 隐藏分析表的横纵表头
 self.tableAnalyze.verticalHeader().setVisible(False) # 隐藏垂直表头
 self.tableAnalyze.horizontalHeader().setVisible(False) # 隐藏水平表头
 
 # self.tableAnalyze.setColumnCount(0)
 # self.tableAnalyze.setRowCount(0)
 
 self.retranslateUi(Form)
 QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
 
 # 设置响应槽（信号源 conect 槽）
 self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.onClick_analyze_stack)
 self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.onClick_create_first_follow_analyze_set)
 
 # 按下分析栈键 生成栈分析表
 def onClick_analyze_stack(self):
 # 获取输入串并加入‘#’结束标志
 layer_stack = 1
 # 先设置 table层数为1 后 动态增加
 self.tableStack.setRowCount(layer_stack)
 # 获取 输入串 输入框中的句子 并且保存在 STACK_INPUT 列表中
 for word in self.textEdit.toPlainText():
 STACK_INPUT.append(word)
 # 输入串列表尾端插入‘#’ 代表句子结束
 STACK_INPUT.append('#')
 # 输入栈初始化含 ‘E’
 STACK.append('E')
 
 # 打印分析栈表 的第一行 ，初始化的默认行
 #打印输入串
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK_INPUT:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(0,1 , item1)
 str_w = ''
 # 打印输入栈
 for word in STACK:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 # 动作 初始化
 self.tableStack.setItem(0, 0, item1)
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem("初始化")
 self.tableStack.setItem(0, 3, item1)
 
 # 后续LL(1)文法分析栈表的实现 分两个部分①输入串顶不为‘#’（还没到输入串结束符） ②输入串为‘#’（到输入串结束符）
 while STACK_INPUT[0] != '#':
 # 层数增加一层
 layer_stack = layer_stack+1
 self.tableStack.setRowCount(layer_stack)
 
 # 如果符号栈的栈顶为大写字符（即非终结符）则执行下面的操作 符号出栈入栈 并打印相关表信息
 if STACK[-1].isupper():
 
 # 获得预测分析表中，的数据，利用 M[S][VT]矩阵调用操作类型
 str = SELECT[STACK[-1]][STACK_INPUT[0]].split("->")[1]
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(SELECT[STACK[-1]][STACK_INPUT[0]])
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 2, item1)
 # print(SELECT[STACK[-1]][STACK_INPUT[0]])
 
 # 如果 符号栈顶的动作不是是 S -> ε 则符号栈 出栈 入栈（逆序）
 if str != 'ε':
 ##逆置
 STACK.remove(STACK[-1])
 for word in str[::-1]:
 STACK.append(word)
 #print(STACK)
 # 在表中显示动作
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem("POP,PUSH("+str+")")
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 3, item1)
 
 # 如果 符号栈顶的动作是 S -> ε 则符号栈 则直接出栈
 else:
 STACK.remove(STACK[-1])
 # 在表中显示动作
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem("POP")
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 3, item1)
 
 # 在表中显示符号栈，剩余输入串
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack-1, 0, item1)
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK_INPUT:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack-1, 1, item1)
 # 如果符号栈栈顶是 终结符（非大写） ，则比较符号栈栈顶 和 剩余输入串的第一个元素是否相同相同则都出栈
 else:
 if STACK[-1] == STACK_INPUT[0]:
 STACK.remove(STACK[-1])
 STACK_INPUT.remove(STACK_INPUT[0])
 #print(STACK)
 
 #显示 信息
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 0, item1)
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK_INPUT:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 1, item1)
 
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem("GETNEXT(i)")
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 3, item1)
 # 剩余输入串已经到‘# ’
 while STACK[-1] != '#':
 layer_stack = layer_stack + 1
 self.tableStack.setRowCount(layer_stack)
 # 如果分析表中的动作是 S->ε 则 打印 该表达式
 if SELECT[STACK[-1]][STACK_INPUT[0]][-1] == 'ε':
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(SELECT[STACK[-1]][STACK_INPUT[0]])
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 2, item1)
 STACK.remove(STACK[-1])
 # print(STACK)
 #显示信息
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 0, item1)
 str_w = ''
 for word in STACK_INPUT:
 str_w += word
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(str_w)
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 1, item1)
 
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem("POP")
 self.tableStack.setItem(layer_stack - 1, 3, item1)
 print(1)
 
 
 print("按下分析栈键")
 
 # 按下生成各类几个集合,first,follow,analyze set
 def onClick_create_first_follow_analyze_set(self):
 print("按下生成各类几个键,first,follow,analyze set")
 sentences.clear()
 # 获得所输入框输入的文法
 for sentence in self.textEdit_2.toPlainText().split():
 # 将每行的含有‘|’ 的句型分成两句，获取文法，并储存在sentence
 if len(sentence.split('|')) <2:
 sentences.append(sentence)
 else:
 part_head = sentence.split('|')[0]
 sentences.append(part_head)
 part_foot = sentence.split('|')[1]
 sentences.append(part_head[0]+"->"+part_foot)
 # 初始化 First Follow 集合
 initail()
 #获取First 集合
 getFirst()
 getFisrt_3()
 getFisrt_3()
 # print( FIRST )
 # 获取Follow 集合
 getFOLLOW_3()
 getFOLLOW_3()
 ## 获取 终结符 非终结符
 getVT_VC()
 ## 获取 预测分析表
 getSelect()
 
 # 界面显示 first集
 for i, j in FIRST.items():
 str = j[0]
 for temp in j[1:]:
 str = str + ',' + temp
 self.textFirst_set.setText(
 "FIRST(" + i + ")" + " = {" + str + "}" + "\n" + self.textFirst_set.toPlainText())
 # 界面显示follow 集合
 for i, j in FOLLOW.items():
 str = j[0]
 for temp in j[1:]:
 str = str + ',' + temp
 self.textFollow_set.setText(
 "FOLLOW(" + i + ")" + " = {" + str + "}""\n" + self.textFollow_set.toPlainText())
 ## 设置预测分析表的列数 len(VT)+2 终结符的数量加2,2 为第一列非终结符占一列，最后#占一列
 self.tableAnalyze.setColumnCount(len(VT)+2)
 layer_analyze = 1
 ## 设置预测分析表的层数
 self.tableAnalyze.setRowCount(layer_analyze)
 VT_1 = VT [:]
 VT_1.append('#')
 
 for size in range(len(VT_1)):
 self.tableAnalyze.setColumnWidth(size, 70)
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(VT_1[size])
 self.tableAnalyze.setItem(0, size+1, item1)
 
 for i in range(len(VC)):
 # 没遍历一次增加一层
 layer_analyze = layer_analyze + 1
 self.tableAnalyze.setRowCount(layer_analyze)
 # 界面显示 预测分析表
 #显示预测分析表的第一列 非终结符
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(VC[i])
 self.tableAnalyze.setItem(i+1,0, item1)
 # 显示预测分析表的每一行 动作
 for size in range(len(VT_1)):
 if(VT_1[size] in SELECT[VC[i]]):
 item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(SELECT[VC[i]][VT_1[size]])
 self.tableAnalyze.setItem(i+1, size + 1, item1)
 #
 # item1 = QtWidgets.QTableWidgetItem(VT_1[size])
 # self.tableAnalyze.setItem(0, size, item1)
 
 ##部分 界面 初始化数据
 def retranslateUi(self, Form):
 _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
 Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "FF(1)文法"))
 self.textEdit.setHtml(_translate("Form",
 "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
 "<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
 "p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
 "</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'Arial\'; font-size:28pt; font-weight:400; font-style:italic;\">\n"
 " </body></html>"))
 self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "一键分析"))
 self.lineEdit.setText(
 _translate("Form", " ©️2019 Leechoy 李阡殇"))
 self.textEdit_2.setHtml(_translate("Form",
 "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
 "<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
 "p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
 "</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:7pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n"
 "E->TG\n"
 "G->+TG|—TG \n"
 "G->ε \n"
 "T->FS\n"
 "S->*FS|/FS\n"
 "S->ε \n"
 "F->(E)\n"
 "F->i </body></html>"))
 self.textFirst_set.setHtml(_translate("Form",
 "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
 "<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
 "p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
 "</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:15pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n"
 " </body></html>"))
 self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Form", "一键生成"))
 
 
 # 初始化 first 集 和follow集合字典的键值对中的 值 为空
 def initail():
 for str in sentences:
 part_begin = str.split("->")[0]
 part_end = str.split("->")[1]
 FIRST[part_begin] = ""
 FOLLOW[part_begin] = "#"
 
 
 ###求first集 中第第一部分针对 -> 直接推出第一个字符为终结符 部分
 def getFirst():
 for str in sentences:
 part_begin = str.split("->")[0]
 part_end = str.split("->")[1]
 if not part_end[0].isupper():
 FIRST[part_begin] = FIRST.get(part_begin) + part_end[0]
 
 
 # 求first第二部分 针对 A -> B型 把B的first集加到A 的first集合中
 def getFirst_2():
 for str in sentences:
 part_begin = ''
 part_end = ''
 part_begin += str.split('->')[0]
 part_end += str.split('->')[1]
 # 如果型如A ->B 则把B的first集加到A 的first集中去
 if part_end[0].isupper():
 FIRST[part_begin] = FIRST.get(part_begin) + FIRST.get(part_end[0])
 
 
 # 求first第三部分，不断调用前面的求first集的方法使，得first不在增加为止
 def getFisrt_3():
 while (1):
 test = FIRST
 getFirst_2()
 # 去除重复项
 for i, j in FIRST.items():
 temp = ""
 for word in list(set(j)):
 temp += word
 FIRST[i] = temp
 if test == FIRST:
 break
 
 
 
 
 # 计算follow集的第一部分，先计算 S -> A b 类型的
 def getFollow():
 for str in sentences:
 part_begin = str.split("->")[0]
 part_end = str.split("->")[1]
 ##如果是 S->a 直接推出终结符 则 continue
 if len(part_end) == 1:
 continue
 ##否则执行下面的操作
 else:
 # 将->后面的分开再倒序
 temp = []
 for i in part_end:
 temp.append(i)
 temp.reverse()
 # 如果非终结符在句型的末端则把"#" 加入进去
 if temp[0].isupper():
 FOLLOW[temp[0]] = FOLLOW.get(temp[0]) + FOLLOW.get(part_begin)
 temp1 = temp[0]
 for i in temp[1:]:
 if not i.isupper():
 temp1 = i
 else:
 if temp1.isupper():
 FOLLOW[i] = FOLLOW.get(i) + FIRST.get(temp1).replace("ε", "")
 if ('ε' in FIRST.get(temp1)):
 FOLLOW[i] = FOLLOW.get(i) + FOLLOW.get(part_begin)
 else:
 FOLLOW[i] = FOLLOW.get(i) + temp1
 temp1 = i
 # 如果终结符在句型的末端
 else:
 temp1 = temp[0]
 for i in temp[1:]:
 if not i.isupper():
 temp1 = i
 else:
 if temp1.isupper():
 FOLLOW[i] = FOLLOW.get(i) + FIRST.get(temp1)
 else:
 FOLLOW[i] = FOLLOW.get(i) + temp1
 temp1 = i
 
 def getFOLLOW_3():
 while (1):
 test = FOLLOW
 getFollow()
 # 去除重复项
 for i, j in FOLLOW.items():
 temp = ""
 for word in list(set(j)):
 temp += word
 FOLLOW[i] = temp
 if test == FOLLOW:
 break
 
 
 # 获得终结符
 def getVT_VC():
 temp = []
 for sentence in sentences:
 for word in sentence:
 if not word.isupper():
 temp.append(word)
 for i in temp:
 if not i in VT:
 VT.append(i)
 VT.remove('ε')
 ##求 非终结符
 VT.sort()
 temp = []
 for sentence in sentences:
 temp.append(sentence[0])
 for i in temp:
 if not i in VC:
 VC.append(i)
 VC.sort()
 
 
 
 ##获得文法预测分析表 利用select = first（s) 如果 first集中包含空字 'ε' 则select = first + follow
 
 ##二维字典添加 键值函数
 
 ##构建预测分析表
 #二维字典，插入（新建）数据函数
 def addDict_2D(thedict, key_a, key_b, val):
 if key_a in thedict:
 thedict[key_a].update({ key_b: val})
 else:
 thedict.update({ key_a: { key_b: val}})
 
 # 获得分析表
 def getSelect(): # 如果first（s)中有空字的 在矩阵 M（S，follow（S)）填 S - > ε
 for i, j in FIRST.items():
 if 'ε' in j:
 for follow in FOLLOW.get(i):
 addDict_2D(SELECT, i, follow, i + "->ε")
 for str in sentences:
 part_begin = str.split("->")[0]
 part_end = str.split("->")[1]
 ############################
 ##需要改进
 ###############################
 if not part_end[0].isupper():
 if part_end[0] != 'ε':
 addDict_2D(SELECT, part_begin, part_end[0], str)
 else:
 for i in FIRST.get(part_begin):
 addDict_2D(SELECT, part_begin, i, str)
 
 # print(VT)
 # print(FIRST)
 # print(VC)
 # print(FOLLOW)
 
 ##打印 first集 和follow 集合
 # for i ,j in FIRST.items() :
 # str = j[0]
 # for temp in j[1:]:
 # str = str+ ',' +temp
 # print("FIRST("+ i + ")" + " = {"+str+"}")
 #
 # for i ,j in FOLLOW.items():
 # str = j[0]
 # for temp in j[1:]:
 # str = str + ',' + temp
 # print("FOLLOW("+ i + ")" + " = {"+str+"}")
 
 
 ##打印 分析表
 # print(FIRST)
 # print(FOLLOW)
 # for i in SELECT:
 # print(SELECT[i])
 # # # for j in SELECT[i]:
 # # # print(SELECT[i][j])
 
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
 app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
 widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
 ui = Ui_Form()
 ui.setupUi(widget)
 widget.show()
 
 sys.exit(app.exec_()) ## 退出

### 实现所用pyqt5库的安装 ###

#### 步骤一、pycharm 控制台 pip install pyqt5 或者 File ->Settings ->Project Interpreter 下载添加pyqt5的库![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3] ####

#### 步骤二、[环境问题解决][Link 1] ####

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230531/6e9e9cb573614f28a476ee53041a4300.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20230531/659b38b8b11f4922ae70b518a9299f3e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20230531/f57fd6a212ce4416a4def2878bdb6953.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxNzY3OTQ1_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20230531/f180d75b9ab24f9d8da4eed69888bbe5.png
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41767945/article/details/102504642