qt mingw 创建dump 并查找crash 出错行

深碍√TFBOYSˉ_ 2023-05-31 02:45 8阅读 0赞

前言：

客户现场跑的程序有可能存在长时间运行挂掉的情况，而无法复现的话无法更好的查找问题原因。所以研究了一下window下程序程序调试crash的方法。该本是介绍qt+ mingw 的。

其中用到的类，以及整个工程，我放到了github可以供下载参考：[源码][Link 1]

*（如果打不开可留言联系我）*

### 1. 在生成的目的文件中加入调试信息（可能导致exe增大） ###

QMAKE\_CXXFLAGS\_RELEASE += -g

QMAKE\_CFLAGS\_RELEASE += -g

QMAKE\_LFLAGS\_RELEASE = -mthreads -Wl, \#其中最后的逗号注意添加，如果不添加可能编译不过

\#禁止优化

QMAKE\_CFLAGS\_RELEASE -= -O2

QMAKE\_CXXFLAGS\_RELEASE -= -O2

### 2. dump 生成 ###

#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    long __stdcall   callback(_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*   excp)
    {
        CCrashStack crashStack(excp);
        QString sCrashInfo = crashStack.GetExceptionInfo();
    
    //    TCHAR my_documents[MAX_PATH];
    //    SHGetFolderPath(NULL, CSIDL_DESKTOP, NULL, SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, my_documents);
    //    QString file_path = QString::fromWCharArray(my_documents);
        QDir dir;
        QString file_path = dir.currentPath();
    
        QDir *folder_path = new QDir;
        bool exist = folder_path->exists(file_path.append("\\MyApp"));
        if(!exist)
        {
            folder_path->mkdir(file_path);
        }
        delete folder_path;
        folder_path = nullptr;
    
        QString sFileName = file_path + "\\crash.log";
    
        QFile file(sFileName);
        if (file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly|QIODevice::Truncate))
        {
            file.write(sCrashInfo.toUtf8());
            file.close();
        }
    
        return   EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
    }
    #endif
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
    #ifdef Q_OS_WIN
        SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(callback);
    #endif
        //注冊异常捕获函数
    
    
        QApplication a(argc, argv);
        MainWindow w;
        w.show();
    
    //    QString *p = NULL;
    //    p->clear();
    
        return a.exec();
    }

### 3. 其中 CCrashStack 类是自己写的window的api（网上大佬写的吧） ###

ccrashstack.cpp

#include "ccrashstack.h"
    #include <tlhelp32.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    
    #define _WIN32_DCOM
    #include <comdef.h>
    #include <Wbemidl.h>
    
    //#include<base/constants.h>
    #include "qdebug.h"
    
    CCrashStack::CCrashStack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException)
    {
        m_pException = pException;
    }
    
    
    QString CCrashStack::GetModuleByRetAddr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PBYTE & Module_Addr)
    {
        MODULEENTRY32   M = {sizeof(M)};
        HANDLE  hSnapshot;
    
        wchar_t Module_Name[MAX_PATH] = {0};
    
        hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, 0);
    
        if ((hSnapshot != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) &&
                Module32First(hSnapshot, &M))
        {
                do
                {
                        if (DWORD(Ret_Addr - M.modBaseAddr) < M.modBaseSize)
                        {
                                lstrcpyn(Module_Name, M.szExePath, MAX_PATH);
                                Module_Addr = M.modBaseAddr;
                                break;
                        }
                } while (Module32Next(hSnapshot, &M));
        }
    
        CloseHandle(hSnapshot);
    
        QString sRet = QString::fromWCharArray(Module_Name);
        return sRet;
    }
    
    QString CCrashStack::GetCallStack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException)
    {
            PBYTE   Module_Addr_1;
            char bufer[256]={0};
            QString sRet;
    
            typedef struct STACK
            {
                    STACK * Ebp;
                    PBYTE   Ret_Addr;
                    DWORD   Param[0];
            } STACK, * PSTACK;
    
            STACK   Stack = {0, 0};
            PSTACK  Ebp;
    
            if (pException)     //fake frame for exception address
            {
                    Stack.Ebp = (PSTACK)pException->ContextRecord->Ebp;
                    Stack.Ret_Addr = (PBYTE)pException->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress;
                    Ebp = &Stack;
            }
            else
            {
                    Ebp = (PSTACK)&pException - 1;  //frame addr of Get_Call_Stack()
    
                    // Skip frame of Get_Call_Stack().
                    if (!IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)))
                            Ebp = Ebp->Ebp;     //caller ebp
            }
    
            // Break trace on wrong stack frame.
            for (; !IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)) && !IsBadCodePtr(FARPROC(Ebp->Ret_Addr));
                     Ebp = Ebp->Ebp)
            {
                    // If module with Ebp->Ret_Addr found.
                    memset(bufer,0, sizeof(0));
                    sprintf(bufer, "\n%08X  ", (unsigned int)Ebp->Ret_Addr);
                    sRet.append(bufer);
    
                    QString moduleName = this->GetModuleByRetAddr(Ebp->Ret_Addr, Module_Addr_1) ;
                    if (moduleName.length() > 0)
                    {
                        sRet.append(moduleName);
                    }
            }
    
            return sRet;
    } //Get_Call_Stack
    
    QString CCrashStack::GetVersionStr()
    {
            OSVERSIONINFOEX V = {sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX)};  //EX for NT 5.0 and later
    
            if (!GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V))
            {
                    ZeroMemory(&V, sizeof(V));
                    V.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
                    GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V);
            }
    
            if (V.dwPlatformId != VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)
                    V.dwBuildNumber = LOWORD(V.dwBuildNumber);  //for 9x HIWORD(dwBuildNumber) = 0x04xx
    
            QString sRet;
            sRet.append(QString("Windows:  %1.%2.%3, SP %4.%5, Product Type %6\n")
                    .arg(V.dwMajorVersion).arg(V.dwMinorVersion).arg(V.dwBuildNumber)
                    .arg(V.wServicePackMajor).arg(V.wServicePackMinor).arg(V.wProductType));
    
    //        QString graphics_module = "GraphicsCard: ";
    //        QString sound_module = "SoundDevice: ";
    //        GetHardwareInaformation(graphics_module, sound_module);
    //        sRet.append(graphics_module);
    //        sRet.append(sound_module);
    
            return sRet;
    }
    
    QString CCrashStack::GetExceptionInfo()
    {
            WCHAR       Module_Name[MAX_PATH];
            PBYTE       Module_Addr;
    
            QString sRet;
            char buffer[512]={0};
    
            QString sTmp = GetVersionStr();
            sRet.append(sTmp);
            sRet.append("Process:  ");
    
            GetModuleFileName(NULL, Module_Name, MAX_PATH);
            sRet.append(QString::fromWCharArray(Module_Name));
            sRet.append("\n");
    
            // If exception occurred.
            if (m_pException)
            {
                    EXCEPTION_RECORD &  E = *m_pException->ExceptionRecord;
                    CONTEXT &           C = *m_pException->ContextRecord;
    
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer, "Exception Addr:  %08X  ", (int)E.ExceptionAddress);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
                    // If module with E.ExceptionAddress found - save its path and date.
                    QString module = GetModuleByRetAddr((PBYTE)E.ExceptionAddress, Module_Addr);
                    if (module.length() > 0)
                    {
                        sRet.append(" Module: ");
    
                        sRet.append(module);
                    }
    
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer, "\nException Code:  %08X\n", (int)E.ExceptionCode);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
    
                    if (E.ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION)
                    {
                            // Access violation type - Write/Read.
                        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                        sprintf(buffer,"%s Address:  %08X\n",
                                (E.ExceptionInformation[0]) ? "Write" : "Read", (int)E.ExceptionInformation[1]);
                        sRet.append(buffer);
                    }
    
    
                    sRet.append("Instruction: ");
                    for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                    {
                        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                        sprintf(buffer, " %02X",  PBYTE(E.ExceptionAddress)[i]);
                        sRet.append(buffer);
                    }
    
                    sRet.append("\nRegisters: ");
    
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer, "\nEAX: %08X  EBX: %08X  ECX: %08X  EDX: %08X",  (unsigned int)C.Eax,(unsigned int) C.Ebx, (unsigned int)C.Ecx, (unsigned int)C.Edx);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
    
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer, "\nESI: %08X  EDI: %08X  ESP: %08X  EBP: %08X", (unsigned int)C.Esi, (unsigned int)C.Edi, (unsigned int)C.Esp, (unsigned int)C.Ebp);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
    
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    sprintf(buffer, "\nEIP: %08X  EFlags: %08X", (unsigned int)C.Eip,(unsigned int) C.EFlags);
                    sRet.append(buffer);
    
            } //if (pException)
    
            sRet.append("\nCall Stack:");
            QString sCallstack = this->GetCallStack(m_pException);
            sRet.append(sCallstack);
    
            return sRet;
    }
    
    #if 0
    bool CCrashStack::GetHardwareInaformation(QString &graphics_card, QString &sound_deivce)
    {
    
        HRESULT hres;
    
        // Initialize COM.
        hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED);
        if (FAILED(hres))
        {
            qDebug() << "Failed to initialize COM library. "
                     << "Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres << endl;
            return false;
        }
    
        // Initialize
        hres = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL,
                                    -1,
                                    NULL,
                                    NULL,
                                    RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT,
                                    RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
                                    NULL,
                                    EOAC_NONE,
                                    NULL);
    
    
        if ((hres != RPC_E_TOO_LATE) && FAILED(hres))
        {
            qDebug() << "Failed to initialize security. "
                     << "Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres << endl;
            CoUninitialize();
            return false;
        }
    
        // Obtain the initial locator to Windows Management
        // on a particular host computer.
        IWbemLocator *pLoc = 0;
    
        hres = CoCreateInstance(
                    CLSID_WbemLocator,
                    0,
                    CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
                    IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc);
    
        if (FAILED(hres))
        {
            qDebug() << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. "
                     << "Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres << endl;
            CoUninitialize();
            return false;
        }
    
        IWbemServices *pSvc = 0;
    
        // Connect to the root\cimv2 namespace with the
        // current user and obtain pointer pSvc
        // to make IWbemServices calls.
    
        hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(_bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, 0, &pSvc);
    
        if (FAILED(hres))
        {
            qDebug() << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres << endl;
            pLoc->Release();
            CoUninitialize();
            return false;
        }
    
        // Set the IWbemServices proxy so that impersonation
        // of the user (client) occurs.
        hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
                    pSvc,                         // the proxy to set
                    RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT,            // authentication service
                    RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE,             // authorization service
                    NULL,                         // Server principal name
                    RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL,       // authentication level
                    RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,  // impersonation level
                    NULL,                         // client identity
                    EOAC_NONE                     // proxy capabilities
                    );
    
        if (FAILED(hres))
        {
            qDebug() << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres << endl;
            pSvc->Release();
            pLoc->Release();
            CoUninitialize();
            return false;
        }
    
    
        // Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI.
        // Make requests here:
    
        IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator_graphics = NULL;
        IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator_sound = NULL;
        BSTR wql = SysAllocString(L"WQL");
        BSTR sql_graphics = SysAllocString(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_VideoController");
        BSTR sql_sound = SysAllocString(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_SoundDevice");
    
        HRESULT hres_graphics;
        HRESULT hres_sound;
        hres_graphics = pSvc->ExecQuery(wql,
                               sql_graphics,
                               WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
                               NULL,
                               &pEnumerator_graphics);
        hres_sound = pSvc->ExecQuery(wql,
                               sql_sound,
                               WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
                               NULL,
                               &pEnumerator_sound);
    
        if (FAILED(hres_graphics) || FAILED(hres_sound))
        {
            qDebug() << "Query for processes failed. "
                     << "Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres_graphics << endl;
    
            qDebug() << "Query for processes failed. "
                     << "Error code = 0x"
                     << hex << hres_sound << endl;
    
            pSvc->Release();
            pLoc->Release();
            CoUninitialize();
            return "";
        }
        else
        {
            IWbemClassObject *pclsObj_graphics;
            ULONG uReturnGraphics = 0;
    
            IWbemClassObject *pclsObj_sound;
            ULONG uReturnSound = 0;
    
            while (pEnumerator_graphics)
            {
                hres_graphics = pEnumerator_graphics->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj_graphics, &uReturnGraphics);
    
                if (0 == uReturnGraphics)
                {
                    break;
                }
    
                VARIANT description_vtProp;
                VARIANT driver_version_vtProp;
                VARIANT status_vtProp;
    
                // Get the value of the Name property
                hres_graphics = pclsObj_graphics->Get(L"Description", 0, &description_vtProp, 0, 0);
                QString description((QChar*) description_vtProp.bstrVal, wcslen(description_vtProp.bstrVal));
    
                hres_graphics = pclsObj_graphics->Get(L"DriverVersion", 0, &driver_version_vtProp, 0, 0);
                QString driver_version((QChar*) driver_version_vtProp.bstrVal, wcslen(driver_version_vtProp.bstrVal));
    
                hres_graphics = pclsObj_graphics->Get(L"Status", 0, &status_vtProp, 0, 0);
                QString status((QChar*) status_vtProp.bstrVal, wcslen(status_vtProp.bstrVal));
    
                graphics_card.append(description).append(" ").append(driver_version).append(" ").append(status).append(" \n");
    
                VariantClear(&description_vtProp);
                VariantClear(&driver_version_vtProp);
                VariantClear(&status_vtProp);
            }
    
            while (pEnumerator_sound)
            {
                hres_sound = pEnumerator_sound->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj_sound, &uReturnSound);
    
                if (0 == uReturnSound)
                {
                    break;
                }
    
                VARIANT description_vtProp;
                VARIANT status_vtProp;
    
                // Get the value of the Name property
                hres_sound = pclsObj_sound->Get(L"Description", 0, &description_vtProp, 0, 0);
                QString description((QChar*) description_vtProp.bstrVal, wcslen(description_vtProp.bstrVal));
    
                hres_sound = pclsObj_sound->Get(L"Status", 0, &status_vtProp, 0, 0);
                QString status((QChar*) status_vtProp.bstrVal, wcslen(status_vtProp.bstrVal));
    
                sound_deivce.append(description).append(" ").append(status).append(" \n");
    
                VariantClear(&description_vtProp);
                VariantClear(&status_vtProp);
            }
        }
    
        // Cleanup
        pSvc->Release();
        pLoc->Release();
        CoUninitialize();
        return true;
    }
    #endif

ccrashstack.h

#ifndef CCRASHSTACK_H
    #define CCRASHSTACK_H
    
    #include <windows.h>
    #include <QString>
    
    class CCrashStack
    {
    private:
        PEXCEPTION_POINTERS m_pException;
    
    private:
        QString GetModuleByRetAddr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PBYTE & Module_Addr);
        QString GetCallStack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException);
        QString GetVersionStr();
        bool GetHardwareInaformation(QString &graphics_card, QString &sound_deivce);
    
    public:
        CCrashStack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException);
    
        QString GetExceptionInfo();
    };
    
    #endif // CCRASHSTACK_H

在设置的路径下找到crash.log 文件。

4. 生产汇编信息

使用qt的mingw命令行

C:\Users\oada\Downloads\DumpTest\build-DumpTest-Desktop_Qt_5_12_4_MinGW_32_bit-Debug\debug>objdump -S DumpTest.exe > aaa.asm

### 5. 查看步骤2中 crash.log ###

查看crash.log里的 “Exception Addr: C0000005” 在app.asm中查找相应地址

### 6. 用addr2line 来查找 崩溃点 ###

假如你的 崩溃日志如下

"E:\\qt\\untitled5.exe"
    "Exception Addr:  00904B21 :Module: C:\\Qt\\Qt5.9.0\\5.9\\mingw53_32\\bin\\Qt5Widgetsd.dll"
    "Exception Code:  C0000005 :Read Address:  00000000"
    "Instruction:  8B 01 8B 40 34 C7 04 24 00 00 00 00 FF D0 83 EC"
    "Registers: "
    "EAX: 00904B1E  EBX: 185304C8  ECX: 00000000  EDX: 18500048"
    "ESI: 1851DD60  EDI: 755E16DD  ESP: 0028FD20  EBP: 0028FD68"
    "EIP: 00904B21  EFlags: 00010202"
    "00904B21  :C:\\Qt\\Qt5.9.0\\5.9\\mingw53_32\\bin\\Qt5Widgetsd.dll"
    "0040187C  :E:\\qt\\untitled5.exe"
    "004017AB  :E:\\qt\\untitled5.exe"
    "004016BC  :E:\\qt\\untitled5.exe"
    "00403B45  :E:\\qt\\untitled5.exe"

执行：

C:\Qt\Qt5.9.0\Tools\mingw530_32\bin>addr2line.exe -f -e e:\qt\untitled5.exe 0040187C 004017AB 004016BC 00403B45
    _ZN4testC2Ev
    E:\qt\untitled5/test.cpp:6
    _ZN10MainWindowC2EP7QWidget
    E:\qt\untitled5/mainwindow.cpp:12
    _Z5qMainiPPc
    E:\qt\untitled5/main.cpp:35
    WinMain@16
    c:\Users\qt\work\qt\qtbase\src\winmain/qtmain_win.cpp:104

### 7. 缺点 ###

release 版本包含了调试信息和源代码信息，用户和其他人都可以查看到。

[Link 1]: https://github.com/p942005405/qt-debug-coredump-in-window.git