SAP记账码(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和归类等总结

布满荆棘的人生 2023-05-21 13:51 10阅读 0赞

记账码在SAP实际使用如下所示：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

SPRO配置路径在ECC和S4中略微区别

财务会计（新）→财务会计全局设置 (新)→凭证→定义过帐码(ECC)

财务会计→财务会计全局设置→凭证→定义过帐码(S4)

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

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官方介绍文档

定义过帐码
    
    In this activity you define posting keys. Users specify a posting key before entering a line item. The posting key controls how the line item is entered and processed.
    
    For each posting key, you define among other things:
    •which side of an account can be posted to,
    •which type of account can be posted to, and
    •which fields the system displays on the entry screens and whether an entry must be made (field status).
    
    Note
    
    The system also uses the field status group you specify in a G/L account to determine the status of fields in document entry. Field status groups are defined within a field status variant.
    
    Recommendation
    
    Use the posting keys delivered with the standard system.
    
    Activities
    1. Check the standard settings.
    2. Modify them if necessary.
    In particular, you may need to make changes to customer and vendor posting keys if a different field status is required.

总结起来记账码（Posting Key）主要有如下作用：

1、控制凭证行项目界面字段属性，包括显示、隐藏、必填等(**不能和FS00中的科目字段状态组属性冲突**)

2、控制凭证行项目的借贷方向，包括借方、贷方

3、控制凭证行项目账户类型，包括：总账、客户、供应商、资产、物料等

4、控制冲销凭证对应记账码

上述凭证记账码：01

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

SAP提供多个默认记账码，录入凭证时，优先使用系统默认记账码，***对应后台表TBSL***

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

记账码归类如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

科目类型对应分录

**1、总账：General Ledger（G）**

40：现金  50：银行存款

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**2、客户：Customer（C）**

01：客户编码AR  50：其他业务收入。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

**3、供应商：Vendor（V）**

40：制造费用-电费 31：供应商编号AP

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**4、资产：Asset（A）**

70：固定资产号码  31：应付账款

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dhbmdsZWk4ODA1MjY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

**5、物料：Material（M）**

存货时

89：存货  96：GR/IR，

退货时

86：GR/IR 99：存货

（与存货有关的会计业务，大部分是系统自动产生的）

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熟练掌握记账码的使用归类，可以最大化使用超级F-02，不用记那些针对指定记账码的T-CODE，如：F-22/FB50/FB60/FB70等

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