CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书

超、凢脫俗 2023-03-13 09:26 21阅读 0赞

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title: CentOS下申请let’s encrypt SSL证书  
date: 2020-04-01 23:31:42  
tags: \[Hexo,建站\]  
categories: \[建站\]

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> 包括单域名和泛域名通配符。

### 环境介绍 ###

*  centOS6系列
 *  git version 1.7.1（自带默认的）
 *  Python 2.6.6（自带默认的）
 *  let’s encrypt最新版V2接口（2020-05-08）

### 文档更新说明 ###

无

### 方式一：acme.sh ###

主要步骤:（引自官网）
        1.安装 acme.sh
        2.生成证书
        3.copy 证书到 nginx/apache 或者其他服务
        4.更新证书
        5.更新 acme.sh
        6.出错怎么办, 如何调试

#### 1. 安装 **acme.sh** ####

yum update
    yum install curl -y
    yum install cron -y

安装很简单, 一个命令:

curl  https://get.acme.sh | sh
    或者（推荐）
    yum update wget
    wget -O -  https://get.acme.sh | sh

如果报错`curl: (35) SSL connect error`，移步：https://janeyork.blog.csdn.net/article/details/82700159

如果报错`curl: (7) couldn't connect to host`出站端口dport 443、80添加了或者防火墙关闭。

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
    # Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
    *filter
    :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
    :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
    :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
    -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22000 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
    -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
    -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
    COMMIT

普通用户和 root 用户都可以安装使用. 安装过程进行了以下几步:

1.  把 acme.sh 安装到你的 **home** 目录下:

~/.acme.sh/ （这个是自动执行的安装目录）

并创建 一个 bash 的 alias, 方便你的使用: `alias acme.sh=~/.acme.sh/acme.sh`这个是自动操作，如果没有请手动。

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

出现install success即为成功。

自动为你创建了cronjob。

关闭shell重新打开。或者让命令立即生效`source ~/.bashrc`

验证方式一：DNS手动验证。（个人推荐）

https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh

acme.sh --issue -d example.com -d *.example.com --dns \
     --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

验证TXT解析是否生效

dig -t txt  _acme-challenge.xxoo.com @8.8.8.8

添加解析生效后，重新生成证书。

acme.sh --renew -d xxoo.com -d *.xxoo.com \
      --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

注意：

1.  手动模式无法自动更新（就看中了这点，如果你想自动更新可以自己写定时脚本）
2.  证书有效期60天，需要手动解析、申请、复制、修改
3.  DNS API自动续期60天内，可调整时间
4.  DNS手动续期，需要在90天内

#### 设置钉钉通知 ####

export DINGTALK_WEBHOOK='https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=5241080f1e14f0d8af2fa6cef175934f0d9d636'
    
    export DINGTALK_KEYWORD=acme

acme.sh --set-notify  --notify-hook dingtalk  \
      --notify-level 2 \
      --notify-mode 0

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

#### DNS API自动续期，个人使用 ####

$ export Ali_Key="woshipogaizai"
    $ export Ali_Secret="nishipogaizaima"
    这两个配置将永久保存在文件~/.acme.sh/account.conf中
    # 申请
    acme.sh --issue --dns dns_ali -d xxoo.com -d *.xxoo.com
    # DP
    # acme.sh --issue --dns dns_dp -d mydomain.com -d *.mydomain.com
    证书申请成功后，保存在~/.acme.sh/www.example.com目录下

查看证书

![在这里插入图片描述][20200509094810167.png]

删除证书

![在这里插入图片描述][20200509095000172.png]

**方式2、HTTP文件验证：**

$ acme.sh --issue -d congm.in -d *.congm.in -w /home/webroot

> `注意`：对于通配符证书需要加 `-d 域名 -d *.域名` 两个参数`-w` 即webroot，为该 `域名` 通过http所访问到的本地目录上面这段过程将会在 `/home/webroot` 创建一个 `.well-known` 的文件夹，同时 Let’s Encrypt 将会通过你要注册的域名去访问那个文件来确定权限，它可能会去访问 http://xxoo.in/.well-known/ 这个路径，验证成功会自动清理。

#### DNS手动验证实践及截图 ####

acme.sh --issue -d nogit.top -d *.nogit.top --dns \
     --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

验证TXT解析是否生效

dig -t txt  _acme-challenge.nogit.top @8.8.8.8

添加解析生效后，重新生成证书。**中间可能等待一小会儿**

acme.sh --renew -d nogit.top -d *.nogit.top \
      --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

执行过程截图:

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

生成结果：

[root@ebs-40617 home]# acme.sh --renew -d nogit.top -d *.nogit.top \
    >   --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please
    [Sat May  9 11:04:33 CST 2020] Renew: 'nogit.top'
    [Sat May  9 11:04:38 CST 2020] Multi domain='DNS:nogit.top,DNS:*.nogit.top'
    [Sat May  9 11:04:38 CST 2020] Getting domain auth token for each domain
    [Sat May  9 11:04:38 CST 2020] Verifying: nogit.top
    [Sat May  9 11:04:52 CST 2020] Pending
    [Sat May  9 11:04:59 CST 2020] Pending
    [Sat May  9 11:05:11 CST 2020] Success
    [Sat May  9 11:05:11 CST 2020] Verifying: *.nogit.top
    [Sat May  9 11:05:27 CST 2020] Pending
    [Sat May  9 11:05:32 CST 2020] Pending
    [Sat May  9 11:05:52 CST 2020] Success
    [Sat May  9 11:05:52 CST 2020] Verify finished, start to sign.
    [Sat May  9 11:05:52 CST 2020] Lets finalize the order, Le_OrderFinalize: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/finalize/85615348/3294031693
    [Sat May  9 11:05:59 CST 2020] Download cert, Le_LinkCert: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/cert/04b84bbcd3d822e1b6a0dfae29e11a03d08a
    [Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] Cert success.
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    MIIFVzCCBD+gAwIBAgISBLhLvNPYIuG2oN+uKeEaA9CKMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
    MEoxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1MZXQncyBFbmNyeXB0MSMwIQYDVQQD
    ExpMZXQncyBFbmNyeXB0IEF1dGhvcml0eSBYMzAeFw0yMDA1MDkwMjA1NTlaFw0y
    MDA4MDcwMjA1NTlaMBQxEjAQBgNVBAMTCW5vZ2l0LnRvcDCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcN
    AQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAL7xXjfreYkDKybtLpvSVOgPyciqCLKoD30ziQC4
    7JfAD4+tpCu6gkvEE9ViLk7BqSE/uDdip2TSR0OIrREpNl5a/55TpDJMbKXlc8SE
    asRuTfnPN5JAi9BMCgwJgYIKwYBBQUHAgEWGmh0dHA6Ly9jcHMu
    bGV0c2VuY3J5cHQub3JnMIIBBAYKKwYBBAHWeQIEAgSB9QSB8gDwAHYAXqdz+d9W
    wOe1Nkh90EngMnqRmgyEoRIShBh1loFxRVgAAAFx92WLjAAABAMARzBFAiAjwvyx
    3kgWcNNeAZxqJ5qjc0gfDAESq613uICtG41pHgIhAIzPzCJVovK6dbz+MyJ3eG6L
    5hhdhPdukikP8bOeOkyjAHYAB7dcG+V9aP/x
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----
    [Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] Your cert is in  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/nogit.top.cer 
    [Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] Your cert key is in  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/nogit.top.key 
    [Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] The intermediate CA cert is in  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/ca.cer 
    [Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] And the full chain certs is there:  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/fullchain.cer 
    [root@ebs-40617 home]#

导出Tomcat pfx格式证书：
    acme.sh --toPkcs -d nogit.top --password 1234
    
    导出Nginx：
    key.pem和pri.key，可以直接更改后缀pem或者key
    fullchain同理，两者内容一样，可以直接更改后缀
    mkdir -p /home/mycert
    acme.sh --installcert -d nogit.top \
    --key-file       /home/mycert/privateKey.pem  \
    --fullchain-file /home/mycert/fullchain.pem \
    --ca-file /home/mycert/ca.cer \
    --cert-file /home/mycert/nogit.top.cer
    
    openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.pem -in nogit.top.cer -certfile ca.cer -password "pass:Rookie123"
    或者：（两个一样的，只是我把文件名重命名而已）
    openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey nogit.top.key -in nogit.top.cer -certfile ca.cer -password "pass:Rookie123"
    第三方网站转换：https://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-converter.html

![在这里插入图片描述][20200509151854193.png]

然后配置到Tomcat里

--------------------

\-------------------------------------杂七杂八 start--------------------------------------------------

### OpenSSL Convert PEM ###

**Convert PEM to DER**

openssl x509 -outform der -in certificate.pem -out certificate.der

**Convert PEM to P7B**

openssl crl2pkcs7 -nocrl -certfile certificate.cer -out certificate.p7b -certfile CACert.cer

**Convert PEM to PFX**

openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.key -in certificate.crt -certfile CACert.crt

### OpenSSL Convert DER ###

\*\*Convert DER to PEM

\*\*

openssl x509 -inform der -in certificate.cer -out certificate.pem

### OpenSSL Convert P7B ###

**Convert P7B to PEM**

openssl pkcs7 -print_certs -in certificate.p7b -out certificate.cer

**Convert P7B to PFX**

openssl pkcs7 -print_certs -in certificate.p7b -out certificate.cer
    openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificate.cer -inkey privateKey.key -out certificate.pfx -certfile CACert.cer

### OpenSSL Convert PFX ###

**Convert PFX to PEM**

openssl pkcs12 -in certificate.pfx -out certificate.cer -nodes

\----------------------------------------------杂七杂八 end----------------------------------------------

--------------------

未过期的老证书

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

现在新证书哦：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

### 未来更新 ###

*  改为后台web操作
 *  支持邮件、短信推送通知

### 额外 ###

acme.sh github：https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh

let’s encrypt官网：https://letsencrypt.org/zh-cn/docs/client-options/

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200509003220771.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200509094810167.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200509094810167.png
[20200509095000172.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200509095000172.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200509110639146.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzMxNzA4NzYz,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
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[20200509151854193.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200509151854193.png
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