linux 系统下安装prometheus

谁践踏了优雅 2023-03-01 14:54 6阅读 0赞

1、下载prometheus源码包，下载地址：

[https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.19.3/prometheus-2.19.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz][https_github.com_prometheus_prometheus_releases_download_v2.19.3_prometheus-2.19.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz]

2、解压源码包

[root@localhost updates]# tar -xf prometheus-2.19.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
    [root@localhost updates]# mv prometheus-2.19.3.linux-amd64/ ../prometheus
    [root@localhost home]# cd prometheus/
    [root@localhost prometheus]# ./prometheus --version
    prometheus, version 2.19.3 (branch: HEAD, revision: 657ba532e42f1db8d7c77bf802378643da0d3118)
      build user:       root@b99e50bced7c
      build date:       20200724-12:20:53
      go version:       go1.14.6

3、修改prometheus.yml文件，确定启动ip

[root@localhost prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml

![20200727145410251.png][]

配置文件补全后如下

# my global config
    global:
      scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
      evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
      # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).
    
    # Alertmanager configuration
    alerting:
      alertmanagers:
      - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093
    
    # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
    rule_files:
      # - "first_rules.yml"
      # - "second_rules.yml"
    
    # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
    # Here it's Prometheus itself.
    scrape_configs:
      # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
      - job_name: 'prometheus'
    
        # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
        # scheme defaults to 'http'.
    
        static_configs:
        - targets: ['10.2.2.236:9090']
    
    
      - job_name: 'centos7-machine1'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.2.2.12:9100']
            labels:
              instance: node1
    
      - job_name: 'centos7-machine2'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.2.2.14:9100']
            labels:
              instance: node2
    
      - job_name: 'centos7-machine3'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.2.2.80:9100']
            labels:
              instance: node3
    
      - job_name: 'centos7-machine4'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.2.2.236:9100']
            labels:
              instance: node4
    
      - job_name: 'centos7-machine5'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.2.3.245:9100']
            labels:
              instance: node5

4、配置服务配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service
    
    [Unit]
    Description=Prometheus
    Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
    After=network.target
    
    
    [Service]
    # Type设置为notify时，服务会不断重启
    Type=simple
    User=root
    # --storage.tsdb.path是可选项，默认数据目录在运行目录的./dada目录中
    ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/home/software/prometheus-data
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

5、启动服务

[root@localhost prometheus]# systemctl enable prometheus
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/prometheus.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service.
    [root@localhost prometheus]# systemctl start prometheus
    [root@localhost prometheus]# systemctl status prometheus
    ● prometheus.service - Prometheus
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-07-27 15:27:21 CST; 8s ago
         Docs: https://prometheus.io/
     Main PID: 30412 (prometheus)
       CGroup: /system.slice/prometheus.service
               └─30412 /home/gridcloud/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/home/gridcloud/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/home/gridcloud/prometheus/prometheus-data
    
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.075Z caller=web.go:524 component=web msg="Start listening for connections" address=0.0.0.0:9090
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.075Z caller=main.go:678 msg="Starting TSDB ..."
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.078Z caller=head.go:645 component=tsdb msg="Replaying WAL and on-disk memory mappable chunks if any, this may take a while"
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.079Z caller=head.go:706 component=tsdb msg="WAL segment loaded" segment=0 maxSegment=0
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.079Z caller=head.go:709 component=tsdb msg="WAL replay completed" duration=545.192µs
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.080Z caller=main.go:694 fs_type=XFS_SUPER_MAGIC
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.080Z caller=main.go:695 msg="TSDB started"
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.080Z caller=main.go:799 msg="Loading configuration file" filename=/home/gridcloud/prometheus/prometheus.yml
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.082Z caller=main.go:827 msg="Completed loading of configuration file" filename=/home/gridcloud/prometheus/prometheus.yml
    Jul 27 15:27:21 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal prometheus[30412]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T07:27:21.082Z caller=main.go:646 msg="Server is ready to receive web requests."

6、打开prometheus的web ui界面

![20200727153921660.png][]

1）Statu-->Configuration展示prometheus.yml的配置，如下

![20200727154248229.png][]

2）Statu-->Targets展示监控具体的监控目标

系统还没有监控到，一会安装插件

![20200727154453189.png][]

3）绘图

访问[http://10.2.2.236:9090/metrics][http_10.2.2.236_9090_metrics]  查看从exporter具体能抓到的数据，如下

![20200727154857929.png][]

![20200727155043935.png][] 7、**部署****node\_exporter**

Node\_exporter收集机器的系统数据，这里采用prometheus官方提供的exporter，除node\_exporter外，官方还提供consul，memcached，haproxy，mysqld等exporter，具体可查看官网。

1) node\_exporter下载地址：[https://github.com/prometheus/node\_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.1/node\_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz][https_github.com_prometheus_node_exporter_releases_download_v1.0.1_node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz]

[root@localhost updates]# mv node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64 ../node_exporter
    [root@localhost updates]# cd ../node_exporter/
    [root@localhost node_exporter]# ls
    LICENSE  node_exporter  NOTICE

2) 配置系统启动文件并启动服务

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
    
    [Unit]
    
    Description=node_exporter
    Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
    After=network.target
    
    [Service]
    
    Type=simple
    User=prometheus
    ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    
     
    [root@localhost node_exporter]# systemctl enable node_exporter
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/node_exporter.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service.
    [root@localhost node_exporter]# systemctl start node_exporter
    [root@localhost node_exporter]# systemctl status node_exporter
    ● node_exporter.service - node_exporter
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-07-27 16:47:58 CST; 20s ago
         Docs: https://prometheus.io/
     Main PID: 1532 (node_exporter)
       CGroup: /system.slice/node_exporter.service
               └─1532 /home/gridcloud/node_exporter/node_exporter
    
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=thermal_zone
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=time
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=timex
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=udp_queues
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=uname
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=vmstat
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=xfs
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.831Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=zfs
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.832Z caller=node_exporter.go:191 msg="Listening on" address=:9100
    Jul 27 16:47:58 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[1532]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T08:47:58.832Z caller=tls_config.go:170 msg="TLS is disabled and it cannot be enabled on the fly." http2=false

8、grafana安装

下载路径：[https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.7.1-1.x86\_64.rpm][https_dl.grafana.com_oss_release_grafana-6.7.1-1.x86_64.rpm]

1）grafana安装

[root@localhost /home]# wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.7.1-1.x86_64.rpm
    [root@localhost /home]# yum -y localinstall grafana-6.7.1-1.x86_64.rpm

2）配置文件

配置文件位于/etc/grafana/grafana.ini，这里暂时保持默认配置即可

3）设置开机启动并启动服务

[root@localhost /home]# systemctl enable grafana-server
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/grafana-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service.
    [root@localhost /home]# systemctl start grafana-server
    [root@localhost /home]# systemctl status grafana-server
    ● grafana-server.service - Grafana instance
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-07-27 19:01:24 CST; 10s ago
         Docs: http://docs.grafana.org
     Main PID: 7055 (grafana-server)
       CGroup: /system.slice/grafana-server.service
               └─7055 /usr/sbin/grafana-server --config=/etc/grafana/grafana.ini --pidfile=/var/run/grafana/grafana-server.pid --packaging=rpm cfg:default.paths.logs=/var/log/grafana cfg:default.paths.data=/var/lib/grafana cfg:default.paths.plugins=/var/lib/grafana/plugi...
    
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Initializing TracingService" logger=server
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Initializing UsageStatsService" logger=server
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Initializing CleanUpService" logger=server
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Initializing NotificationService" logger=server
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Initializing provisioningServiceImpl" logger=server
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Backend rendering via phantomJS" logger=rendering renderer=phantomJS
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=warn msg="phantomJS is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. You should consider migrating from phantomJS to grafana-image-renderer plugin...
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Started Grafana instance.
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="Initializing Stream Manager"
    Jul 27 19:01:24 ip-10-2-2-236.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal grafana-server[7055]: t=2020-07-27T19:01:24+0800 lvl=info msg="HTTP Server Listen" logger=http.server address=[::]:3000 protocol=http subUrl= socket=
    Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

4）查看端口是否启动

[root@localhost /home]# netstat -anptu |grep 3000
    tcp6       0      0 :::3000                 :::*                    LISTEN      7055/grafana-server

5) 访问[http://10.2.2.236:3000/login][http_10.2.2.236_3000_login]，账号密码为：admin/admin

登录后会叫我们更改密码；此时可以跳过

![20200727190641635.png][]

**添加数据源**

在登陆首页，点击"Add data source"按钮，跳转到添加数据源页面，配置如下：

Name: prometheus

Type: prometheus

URL: [http://10.2.2.136:9090/][http_10.2.2.136_9090]

Access: proxy

取消Default的勾选，其余默认，点击"Add"，如下：

![20200727190827582.png][]

**导入****dashboard**

从grafana官网下载相关dashboaed到本地，如：[https://grafana.com/dashboards/405][https_grafana.com_dashboards_405]

Grafana首页-->左上角图标-->Dashboard-->import

加入node-exporter-server-metrics\_rev8.json这个插件

或直接导入8919模块，导入8919模块如下

![20200729154959180.png][]

9、在所有的机器上安装

[root@localhost updates]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.1/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
    。。。。。。
    2020-07-27 19:33:33 (3.53 MB/s) - ‘node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz’ saved [9520728/9520728]
    
    [root@localhost updates]# tar -xf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
    [root@localhost updates]# mv node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64 ../node_exporter
    [root@localhost updates]# cd ../node_exporter/
    [root@localhost node_exporter]# ls
    LICENSE  node_exporter  NOTICE

启动服务同上面node\_exported配置，然后启动服务

[root@ip-10-2-2-12 node_exporter]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
    [root@ip-10-2-2-12 node_exporter]# systemctl enable node_exporter
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/node_exporter.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service.
    [root@ip-10-2-2-12 node_exporter]# systemctl start node_exporter
    [root@ip-10-2-2-12 node_exporter]# systemctl status node_exporter
    ● node_exporter.service - node_exporter
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-07-27 19:37:08 CST; 6s ago
         Docs: https://prometheus.io/
     Main PID: 29055 (node_exporter)
       CGroup: /system.slice/node_exporter.service
               └─29055 /home/gridcloud/node_exporter/node_exporter
    
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=thermal_zone
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=time
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=timex
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=udp_queues
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=uname
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=vmstat
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=xfs
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:112 collector=zfs
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=node_exporter.go:191 msg="Listening on" address=:9100
    Jul 27 19:37:08 ip-10-2-2-12.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal node_exporter[29055]: level=info ts=2020-07-27T11:37:08.051Z caller=tls_config.go:170 msg="TLS is disabled and it cannot be enabled on the fly." http2=false

此时我们就能看到我们的各个机器的监控情况

[https_github.com_prometheus_prometheus_releases_download_v2.19.3_prometheus-2.19.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz]: https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.19.3/prometheus-2.19.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[20200727145410251.png]: /images/20230208/95fb1a63c1014596ab9e654376667448.png
[20200727153921660.png]: /images/20230208/084868cf30ed449ebbc37109815c2628.png
[20200727154248229.png]: /images/20230208/968f6038ab76460f81faee2ec937dfdb.png
[20200727154453189.png]: /images/20230208/18f40164f06047b0b4a7167912a07965.png
[http_10.2.2.236_9090_metrics]: http://192.168.33.134:9090/metrics
[20200727154857929.png]: /images/20230208/bf283f4bba4a4e90a4a5849a5f432713.png
[20200727155043935.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727155043935.png
[https_github.com_prometheus_node_exporter_releases_download_v1.0.1_node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz]: https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.1/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[https_dl.grafana.com_oss_release_grafana-6.7.1-1.x86_64.rpm]: https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.7.1-1.x86_64.rpm
[http_10.2.2.236_3000_login]: http://10.2.2.236:3000/login
[20200727190641635.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727190641635.png
[http_10.2.2.136_9090]: http://localhost:9090/
[20200727190827582.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727190827582.png
[https_grafana.com_dashboards_405]: https://grafana.com/dashboards/405
[20200729154959180.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200729154959180.png