Linux——全网最简单的在Linux上部署MySQL

矫情吗；* 2023-03-01 13:52 11阅读 0赞

### Linux上部署MySQL（MariaDB） ###

*  使用yum安装
 *  更改配置
 *  启动
 *  测试连接

网上很多的安装教程都是通过手动编译源码安装比较麻烦，所以现在用yum直接安装方便而且不易出错  
因为MySQL被Oracle收购不再开源，所以MariaDB是MySQL的开源版本和MySQL是兼容的

**以下操作都以 root 用户进行操作**

# 使用yum安装 #

安装

**安装 mariadb 服务**

# yum install -y mariadb-server

**安装 mariadb 命令行客户端**

# yum install -y mariadb

**安装 mariadb C library**

# yum install -y mariadb-libs

**安装 mariadb 开发包**

# yum install -y mariadb-devel

# 更改配置 #

以上四步做好之后接下来就是要修改一些配置

**更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 文件  
\[client\] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8**

vim  /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
此时按i切入到插入模式 \[client\] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

之后按下Esc键切换到normal模式，：w（保存）q（退出）回车退出  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

最终内容

#
    # These two groups are read by the client library
    # Use it for options that affect all clients, but not the server
    #
    
    
    [client]
    default-character-set = utf8
    
    # This group is not read by mysql client library,
    # If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
    # use it for MariaDB-only client options
    [client-mariadb]

**更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf 文件  
\[mysql\] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8**

vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]  
此时按i切入到插入模式  
\[mysql\] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
之后按下Esc键切换到normal模式，：w（保存）q（退出）回车退出

最终内容

#
    # These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
    # Use it for options that affect only one utility
    #
    
    [mysql]
    default-character-set = utf8
    
    [mysql_upgrade]
    
    [mysqladmin]
    
    [mysqlbinlog]
    
    [mysqlcheck]
    
    [mysqldump]
    
    [mysqlimport]
    
    [mysqlshow]
    
    [mysqlslap]

**更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf 配置  
\[mysqld\] 下加配置  
collation-server = utf8\_general\_ci  
init-connect=‘SET NAMES utf8’  
character-set-server = utf8  
sql-mode = TRADITIONAL**

vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

此时按i切入到插入模式  
\[mysqld\] 下加配置  
collation-server = utf8\_general\_ci  
init-connect=‘SET NAMES utf8’  
character-set-server = utf8  
sql-mode = TRADITIONAL  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]  
之后按下Esc键切换到normal模式，：w（保存）q（退出）回车退出

# 启动 #

**启动服务**

systemctl start mariadb

**设置服务开启自启动**

systemctl enable mariadb

查看服务状态

systemctl status mariadb

可能的输出为，注意到 Active 状态为 active (running)  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

# 测试连接 #

使用命令行客户端尝试连接

mysql -uroot

可能的输出为  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]  
查看 mariadb 版本号  
select version();  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200727125726360.png]  
查看字符集配置  
show variables like ‘%char%’;  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
使用命令行客户端尝试连接

mysql -uroot -p

![在这里插入图片描述][2020072713071056.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]

直接连接成功说明没有设置密码，会导致后续在进行数据库连接时出现错误  
所以要么在这里设置密码，要么就是在JDBC连接的时候不设置密码  
设置密码

mysql_secure_installation

选择 Y/N 的时候都选 Y，

在New password:  
Re-enter new password:  
时设置你自己的 root 密码  
然后再mysql -uroot -p进行连接就好了  
之后在部署的时候需要在这个MySQL中进行建表等一系列操作操作。  
[数据库建表等操作][Link 1]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20230208/16ce5f45f924474480a68dd73e37e507.png
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727112505570.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727112842940.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727112958442.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727113429471.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727113532965.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727125505540.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727125616197.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200727125726360.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727125726360.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727125755773.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[2020072713071056.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2020072713071056.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200727131253175.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoYXJfbQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/char_m/article/details/106295518