centOS7 防火墙关闭远程端口无法访问问题

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2023-03-01 09:10 15阅读 0赞

记录一下问题，系统关闭防火墙，80端口能访问，81不能访问；

开启防火墙之后，两个端口就都能访问了。

查看所有开启的端口  
firewall-cmd --list-ports

注：启动防火墙后，默认没有开启任何端口，需要手动开启端口

防火墙开启端口访问  
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent  
命令含义：  --zone \#作用域    --add-port=80/tcp \#添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议    --permanent \#永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效

添加80端口的访问权限，这里添加后永久生效  
        \#firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent      
        \#firewall-cmd --reload  
查看80端口访问权限情况  
       \#firewall-cmd --zone= public --query-port=80/tcp  
关闭80访问权限  
       \#firewall-cmd --zone= public --remove-port=80/tcp --permanent

另附firewall的其他命令操作

启动： systemctl start firewalld  
查看状态： systemctl status firewalld   
停止： systemctl disable firewalld  
禁用： systemctl stop firewalld  
启动服务：systemctl start firewalld.service  
关闭服务：systemctl stop firewalld.service  
重启服务：systemctl restart firewalld.service  
服务的状态：systemctl status firewalld.service  
在开机时启用一个服务：systemctl enable firewalld.service  
在开机时禁用一个服务：systemctl disable firewalld.service  
查看服务是否开机启动：systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service  
查看已启动的服务列表：systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled  
查看启动失败的服务列表：systemctl --failed  
查看版本： firewall-cmd --version  
查看帮助： firewall-cmd --help  
显示状态： firewall-cmd --state  
查看所有打开的端口： firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports  
更新防火墙规则： firewall-cmd --reload  
查看区域信息:  firewall-cmd --get-active-zones  
查看指定接口所属区域： firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=eth0  
拒绝所有包：firewall-cmd --panic-on  
取消拒绝状态： firewall-cmd --panic-off  
查看是否拒绝： firewall-cmd --query-panic

*  执行firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp，提示FirewallD is not running，如下图所示。
    
    [![centos出现“FirewallD is not running”怎么办][centos_FirewallD is not running]][centos_FirewallD is not running_centos_FirewallD is not running]
 *   
    
    通过systemctl status firewalld查看firewalld状态，发现当前是dead状态，即防火墙未开启。
    
    [![centos出现“FirewallD is not running”怎么办][centos_FirewallD is not running 1]][centos_FirewallD is not running_centos_FirewallD is not running 1]
 *   
    
    通过systemctl start firewalld开启防火墙，没有任何提示即开启成功。
    
    [![centos出现“FirewallD is not running”怎么办][centos_FirewallD is not running 2]][centos_FirewallD is not running_centos_FirewallD is not running 2]
 *   
    
    再次通过systemctl status firewalld查看firewalld状态，显示running即已开启了。
    
    [![centos出现“FirewallD is not running”怎么办][centos_FirewallD is not running 3]][centos_FirewallD is not running_centos_FirewallD is not running 3]
 *  5
    
    如果要关闭防火墙设置，可能通过systemctl stop firewalld这条指令来关闭该功能。
    
    [![centos出现“FirewallD is not running”怎么办][centos_FirewallD is not running 4]][centos_FirewallD is not running_centos_FirewallD is not running 4]
 *  6
    
    再次执行执行firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp，提示success，表示设置成功，这样就可以继续后面的设置了。
    
    [![centos出现“FirewallD is not running”怎么办][centos_FirewallD is not running 5]][centos_FirewallD is not running_centos_FirewallD is not running 5]
    
    END

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